Objective: To investigate the influence of sufentanil on calcium-activated K+ channels (IKCa) in rat abdominal aortic smooth muscle cells, and to investigate its role in dilation of blood vessels. Methods: Rat abdominal aortic smooth muscle cells (AASMCs) were freshly obtained by enzymatic digestion. Whole-cell voltage-clamp technique was used to assess the effect of sufentanil (1 × 10-8, 3 × 10-8, 1 × 10-7 mol/L) on IKCa. Results: Sufentanil significantly increased the amplitude of IKc compared with the control group (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). The effect of sufentanil was reversible and in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusion: Sufentanil can promote the activation of KCa channel in rat AASMCs, which might be related to the vasodilatory effect of sufentanil observed in clinical practice.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of inferior vena cava filter placement guided by digital subtraction angiography(DSA) for the prevention of pulmonary embolism(PE) after deep vein thrombosis(DVT) of the lower extremities.Methods Under the guidance of DSA,inferior vena cava filter placement was performed in 14 cases of deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities from October 2003 to December 2004.Of the 14 cases,12 cases were given a simultaneous thrombectomy and 2 cases were treated conservatively.Results Filters were successfully placed in all the cases.The operation time was 85~115 min(mean,95 min).No complications were found during a follow-up of 1~14 months(mean,6 months).No recurrence of pulmonary embolism was seen included 5 patients who had survived previous pulmonary embolism attacks before the placement.Conclusions Inferior vena cava filter placement is a simple,safe,and effective method in the prevention of pulmonary embolism after deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities.

Randomized sampling-based questionnaire among 2000 community residents and personal contact with selected populations were conducted.Based on incidence or clinical featuxes of dermatosis and venereal diseases and recognition-related impact factor analyses,we provided evidence for community-based health education and behavior intervention.Our findings showed that itching was the most common skin disease,and fungous infection displayed an increasing trend.Viral diseases increased significantly in recent years.Patients failed to understand the skin diseases,although they partly had some misleading information about venereal diseases.Health care providers should perform more health education and behavior interventions regarding dermatosis and venereal diseases for community residents to improve their health condition or quality of life.

A new compound and twelve known compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of the roots of Homonoia riparia Lour, which are used in folk medicine for treatment of hepatitis, bellyache and scald, by the method of silica gel column chromatography repeatedly with a gradient of PE-EtOAc, PE-Me2CO, CHCl3-Me2CO, CHCl3-MeOH. Their structures were identified as a new compound 1-oxo-aleuritolic acid (1), and twelve known compounds aleuritolic acid (2), 3-acetoxy-aleuritolic acid (3), taraxerone (4), taraxerol (5), methyl 3-acetoxy-12-oleanen-28-oate (6), 3-acetoxy-12-oleanen-28-ol (7), ursolic acid (8), lupenol (9), 3β-acetoxy-lupenol (10), cleomiscosin A (11), chrysophanol (12), and gallic acid (13), which were obtained from this plant for the first time, by the spectroscopic techniques of NMR, HMBC, IR and MS, separately. Among the cytotoxicities evaluation of compounds 1-3 towards AGZY 83-a (human lung cancer cells) and SMMC-7721 (human liver cancer cells) tumor cells was assayed by MTT methods with cis-dichlorodiamminoplatinum (DDP) used as positive control. Compound 2 exerted weak activity against AGZY 83-a with the IC50 value of 33.055 μg·mL-1, while 1 and 3 showed no activity to these two cell lines.

Objective To realize the optimization of image quality and radiation dose by correcting mammography automatic exposure,according to automatic exposure controlled mode of mammography film-screen system . Methods The film-screen system(28 kV) was applied to perform automatic exposure of plexiglass(40 mm) and get the standard dose of exposure, the exposure mode of CR base on LgM =2.0 was rectified, which was divided into 10 steps. Mammary glands pattern(Fluke NA18-220) were examined with CR( 26,28, and 30 kV ) by the automatic exposure mode corrected. The exposure values(mAs) were recorded. CR image was diagnosed and evaluated in double blind way by 4 radiologists according to American Collage of Radiology(ACR) standard. Results Based on the standard of CR automatic exposure with the dose higher than the traditional exposure of film-screen system, the calibration of mammography automatic exposure was accomplished. The test results of the calibrated mode was better than the scoring system of ACR. Conclusions Comparative study showed improvement in acquiring high-quality image and reduction of radiation dose. The corrected mammography automatic exposure mode might be a better method for clinical use.

avian influenza virus (AIV) can not only infect avian and cause pandemics,but also result infection and initiate pandemics in humans and other mammal animals,crossing the species barrier.There have been some advance in research into the nonspecific species barrier of human respiratory tract against AIV infection and the mechanism of the infection of AIV in humans in recent years.

Objective To investigate the relationship between trace elements and rachitis in children.Methods Three hundred and twelve patients with rachitis and 297 healthy children were selected for this study.Blood zinc(Zn),iron(Fe),plasma copper(Cu),calcium(Ca),magnesium(Mg),lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd) were assayed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results The levels of Zn,Fe,Cu of rachitis in blood were significantly lower than those of healthy children,while the levels of Mg,Pb were higher.There were significant differences between 2 groups(P

BACKGROUND: Ketamine is a kind of frequently used general venous anesthesia drug in clinic, and the medication in vein or epidural cavum has analgesic effect. It is N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor noncompetitive antagonist, which can inhibit toxic effect of excitatory amino acids.OBJECTIVE: To observe effect of ketamine on apoptosis of dorsal horn astrocytes of spinal cord of rats induced by NMDA receptor over activation and explore its possible mechanism of action.DESIGN: Randomized controlled observation.SETTING: Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital Affiliated to Yunyang Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiment was conducted at Cell Biology Laboratory,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Yunyang Medical College between September 2003 and January 2005. Neonatal Wistar rats of two or three days were provided by Animal Experimental Center of Wuhan University. METHODS: Primary astrocytes in dorsal horn of T11-L6 spinal cord of Wistar rats were purified and cultured. Astrocytes were used in the experiment when its purity coefficient reached 98% assessed by gial fibrillary acidic protein. The cultured cells in 24-well plates were divided randomly into 6 groups (9 portions in each group): ①50 μL Hanks liquor was added into the control group. ②Amount of 100μmol/L was added into the NMDA group. ③Amount of 1 mmol/L was added into the ketamine group. ④100μmol/L NMDA + 0.1 mmol/L ketamine group. ⑤100 μmol/L NMDA + 0.5 mmol/L ketamine group. ⑥100μmol/L NMDA + 1 mmol/L ke tamine group. 1 mmol/L ketamine was clinical antalgic dosage. Activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and content of malondialdehyde (MDA) were examined after 24-hour culture. Content of Bcl-2 protein and change of morphology were observed with immunocytochemistry. Apoptosis of astrocytes was measured with flow cytometry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Counterstain cell staining and changes of morphology of Bcl-2 protein with immunohistochemical method and hematoxylin-esoin staining (HE). ②Apoptosis of astrocytes was detected with flow cytometry. ③Content of MDA and activity of SOD.RESULTS: ①Mean absorbance (A) of Bcl-2 as expression of Bcl-2 protein measured semiquantitatively: It was lower in the 100μmoL/L NMDA group than the control group, which had significant difference [0.054±0.021,0.108±0.039, respectively, P＜0.01]. It was higher in the 100 μmol/L NMDA + 1 mmol/L ketamine group than the 100 μmol/L NMDA group,which had significant difference [0.148±0.045, 0.054±0.021, respectively,P ＜ 0.01]. ②Apoptosis of astrocytes detected with flow cytometry: It was higher in the 100μmol/L NMDA group than the control group, which had significant difference [(25.26±6.13)%, (5.66±2.24)%, respectively, P＜0.01].It was lower in the 100μmol/L NMDA + 1 mmol/L ketamine group than in the 100μmol/L NMDA group, which had significant difference[(24.41±4.82)%, (25.26±6.13)%, respectively, P＜0.01]. ③Content of MDA and activity of SOD: 100 μmol/L NMDA made the content of MDA in astrocytes obviously increase , while the activity of SOD markedly decrease. 1 mmol/L ketamine remarkably decreased the content of MDA, distinctly increased the activity of SOD. This effectiveness had evidently dosage-effect relationship in clinical antalgic dosage, which had obviously difference as compared with that of the NMDA group (P ＜ 0.01 ). The differences between the 1 mmol/L ketamine group and the control group as well as between the 100 μmol/L NMDA + 0.1 mmol/L ketamine group and the NMDA group had insignificant difference.CONCLUSION: NMDA receptor over activation can induce apoptosis of a great number of astrocytes in spinal dorsal horn of rats. Suitable ketamine dramatically inhibits apoptosis, and its mechanism can enhance the expressionof Bcl-2 protein of astrocytes, at the same time inhibit the production of free radical and reinforce the activity of SOD.

Aim To develop a modified model of subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats. Motheds The SAH model was induced by injecting autologous blood into the cisterna magna without exposing the occipitoaxial ligament.The main modified point was a hole bored by a dental drill at the middle point of the boundary between the parietal bone and the occipital bone,then a catheter was inserted 8 mm to cisterna magna and the autologous blood was injected . Hemorrheological parameters were measured after the model was created.The intrinsic oversxidase method was used to show the microvessel of CA_1 region. The diameter, density ,and the aera of microvessel were measured and ananlyzed by Image-Pro Plus image analysis system. Results The total blood viscosity(?b) and erythroagglutation index(AL) in SAH model group increased significantly,however,the microvesse area and microvesse density in SAH model group decreased obviously. Conclusion The modified model of subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats is reliable and easy to operate on.

Objective:To observe the effects of soybean isoflavones(SI) on uteri and uterine Er?,ER? expression in perimenopausal rats. Method:Female SD rats in age of 7-month-old were used as control and 11-month-old SD rats were divided into 5 groups,model group,diethylstilbestrol group and 3 test groups exposed to three doses of SI(ig:30,12,4.6 mg/kg?d) respectively for 35 d. Serum concentrations of estradiol(E2) ,testosterone(T) ,follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH) and luteinizing hormone(LH) were determined. Ultrastructure of uterine luminal surface was observed by scanning electron microscopy and hematoxylin-eosin staining. Expression of ER? and ER? in the uteri were determined by immunohistochemistry. Results:Low dose SI significantly increased serum E2(P