Objective To analyse the CT imaging characteristics of solitary pulmonary tuberculous cavity in order to improve its diagnosis level.Methods 29 cases of pulmonary tuberculous cavities comfirmed by pathology or operation.All the patients were underwent examination of contrast-enhanced CT.Results 29 cases were all solitary pulmonary cavities,93%(27/29) were located at the superior lobe of lung.The average diameter was 23.5 mm.73% of the cavities were round or similar round.The majority of the cavities (82%,24/29) were less or no lobulated;76%(22/29) were thick cavities and 51%(15/29) were less smooth both in and outside the cavities.The cavities were less enhancement.All cases along with satellite nodules.Conclusion The pulmonary tuberculous cavities are majority thick cavities.The important points for tuberculous cavities to diffierent from lung cancer and other disease cavities are:are there any satellite nodules along with the cavites,lobulated or not,the growth of CT enhancement of cavitied before and after enhancement.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and characteristics of imaging,cerebral hemodynamics and electrophysiology of septic encephalopathy in children.Methods The clinical data and examination result of computerized tomography(CT),ultrasound and electroencephalogram(EEG) on encephalon of the 44 consecutive children with septic encephalopathy from Jan.2003 to Jun.2006 were reviewed retrospectively.According to the prognosis and the etiology,the totally 44 patients were divided into survival group,death group and pneumonia group,enteritis group,septicemia group,appendicular perforation group,skin gangrene group as well as EBV infection group,respectively.Fi-sher′s exact test was used to compare the differences of ratio.Results 1.Clinical manifestations:loss of consciousness was observed in all 44 cases,convulsions in 29 cases,upper-right-limb paralysis in 1 case,cerebral hernia in 1 case,and 14 cases resulted in death.2.Forteen cases were detected by CT scanning.Multiple local and diffuse lower density in cerebral parenchyma was observed in 3 cases and 2 cases respectively.Intracranial hemorrhage was found in the latter 2 cases.3.Color doppler ultrasound was detected in 11 cases.Diffuse brain edema was found in 5 cases,and among them intracranial hemorrhage was found in 1 case.4.EEG was detected in 10 cases.Flat-to-isoelectric EEG was found in 3 cases.Diffuse slow wave activities and sharp wave with sharp-slow wave complex were found in 5 cases and 2 cases,respectively.5.Between the sharp wave group and the flat-to-isoelectric EEG group,the number of cases who was less than 7 with Glasgow coma scale was significant(P

Adult ; Amides ; adverse effects ; Benzene ; adverse effects ; Burns, Chemical ; pathology ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nitro Compounds ; adverse effects ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of traditional Chinese herbal medicine (TCM) for nourishing liver and kidney, clearing meridians and removing toxic substances, on the neurobehavioral manifestations and the activity of the dopamine D2 receptor in rat with levodopa-induced dyskinesias (LID). METHODS: The rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD) was established by injecting 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) into right substantia nigra of brain, then, the model of LID in rat was produced by injecting levodopa (LD) and benserazide for 4 weeks. The rats were divided into normal control group, 4-week LD treated group, 4-week LD plus TCM treated group, 8-week LD treated group, and 8-week LD plus TCM treated group, and the effect of the TCM on neurobehavioral manifestations was observed. The radioligand binding assay (RLBA) and Scatchard drawing were used to measure the maximal binding capacity of receptor (Bmax) and equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) of the dopamine D2 receptor in corpora striatum. RESULTS: Compared with the 4-week LD treated group and 8-week LD treated group, TCM could decrease abnormal involuntary movement scores of the rats with LID; the RLBA revealed that the dopamine D2 receptor Bmax significantly increased (P<0.05, P<0.01) and the KD significantly decreased (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: TCM can improve the activity of the dopamine D2 receptor and relieve the symptoms of LID.

Objective:To study the morphologic and phenotypic characters of a macrophage-tumor vaccine,and to observe the effect of macrophage-tumor vaccine on inducing CTL respose.Methods:The super-structure and the expression of CD14,CD68,CD80,CD86,MHC Ⅱ molecules of macrophage-tumor cells were detected with electron microscope,immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry respectively.Meanwhile,H22 tumor cells were transplanted to the mice that had been immunized with different tumor vaccines.The weight and volume of tumors,the tumor cell injure rate and the level of LDH in culture supernatant were detected with direct measurement,MTT and selection methods.Results:The macrophage tumor vaccine cells were large cells with an irregular outline,and generally displayed pseudopodium,membrane folding,and vesicles on the cell surface.The predominant cytoplasmic organelles were lysosomes,secondary lysosomes and residual bodies.The percentage of CD14,CD68,CD80,CD86 and MHC Ⅱ positive cells within the differentiated population were 53.90%,98.60%,26.50%,90.20% and 25.40% respectively.The results of experiment in vivo revealed that the tumor forming rate,volume and weight of the group immunized with macrophage-tumor vaccine were much lower than that of control group and the group that were immunized with the macrophages that were induced by liquid paraffin (P0.05),the tumor weight and volume of the group immunized with the macrophage-tumor vaccine were lower than those of the group immunized with inactivated tumor cells(P

Objective To study the inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)cytokine expression of BV-2 cells induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation injury by siRNA targeting TLR4 gene via the RNAi mechanisms.Method BV-2 mouse microglial cell line was cultured in six-well plates and randomly divided into group N(nor-mal group),group H(hypoxia-reoxygenation),group T(hypoxia-reoxygenation+TLR4-siRNA transfected group),group C(hypoxia-reoxygenation+pEGFP-H1/control-siRNA transfected group)and group B(hypox-ia-reoxygenation+pEGFP-H1 transfected group).Group H,group T,group C and group B were cultured in hy-poxia condition for 3 h followed by reoxygenation for 24 h.The plasma was transfected into BV-2 cells mediated by lipofectamine 2000.The efficiency of transfection were detected by flow cytometry to observe the expression of EGFP.RT-PCR method was used to detect the level of mRNA of TLR4 or NF-кB p65.Westem blot methed was used to test the expression of TLR4 protein.and ELISA was used to test the level of TNF-α in the supernatants.Analysis of variances was used for statistical analysis.Results The expression of EGFP gene waa;(67.58±7.16)% after transfection by flow cytometry analysis.Compared to group N,the TLR4 mRNA,NF-кB p65 mR-NA,TLR4 protein level and the TNF-α quantity in group H,group T,group C and group B increased after the hy-poxia-reoxygenation treatment(P＜0.01).While the expression of the TLR4 mRNA,NF-кB p65 mRNA,TLR4 protein level and the TNF-α quantity in the group T down-regulated compared to group H,group C and group B(P＜0.01).And there were no changes in group C,group B and group H about observation index(P＞0.05).Conclusions The siRNA targeting TLR4 mRNA could inhibit the inflammatory reaction released by BV-2 cells in-duced by hypoxia-reoxygenation stimulation.

OBJECTIVETo discuss the results and significance of the detection of the CFTR gene mutation in azoospermia patients with congenital unilateral absence of the vas deferens (CUAVD).

METHODSWe collected peripheral blood samples from 6 azoospermia patients with CUAVD for detection of the CFTR gene mutations and single nucleotide polymorphisms. We analyzed the genome sequences of the CFTR gene in comparison with the website of the UCSC Genome Browser on Human Dec. 2013 Assembly.

RESULTSMissense mutation of c. 592G > C in exon 6 was found in 1 of the 6 azoospermia patients with CUAVD and splicing mutation of c. 1210-12T[5] was observed in the noncoding region before exon 10 in 2 of the patients, both with the V470 haplotype in exon 11.

CONCLUSIONMutations of the CFTR gene can be detected in azoospermia patients with CUAVD and the detection of the CFTR gene mutation is necessary for these patients.

Azoospermia ; genetics ; Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator ; genetics ; Exons ; Humans ; Male ; Male Urogenital Diseases ; genetics ; Mutation, Missense ; genetics ; Vas Deferens ; abnormalities

The author introduces the basic concepts of microsatellite and population genetics and its characteristics, expounds the application of these theories for population genetic structure and genetic diversity, gene flow and evolutionary significant unit ESU division research. This paper discuss its applicationin study of genetic causes, origin of cultivation, different regional origins of geoherbs, aiming at providing a new theory and method for geoherbs.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Evolution, Molecular ; Genetic Markers ; genetics ; Genetic Techniques ; Geography ; Microsatellite Repeats ; genetics

Objective To observe the roles of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 o (HIF-1 α) in hippocampal neurodegeneration of status epilepticus (SE) rats, and explore whether HIF-1α activation is regulated by NF-κB.Methods A total of 110 male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into seven groups : (1) Control group treated with saline (control, n =15), (2) sham group implanted cannula into lateral ventricle and treated with saline (sham, n =15), (3) SE group treated with pilocarpine (SE, n =20), (4) NF-κB activity inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) group treated only with PDTC (PDTC, n =15), (5) SE + PDTC group treated with pilocarpine plus PDTC (SE + PDTC, n =15), (6) SE + HIF-1o siRNA group implanted cannula into lateral ventricle and treated with pilocarpine plus HIF-1 α siRNA (SE + HIF-1α siRNA, n =15), (7) SE + control siRNA group implanted cannula into lateral ventricle and treated pilocarpine plus control siRNA (n =15).SE was induced by injecting lithium chloride and pilocarpine.The seizure of rats was observed.The protein expressions of NF-κB and HIF-1 α in hippocampus of rats were examined by Western blotting.The degenerating neurons in hippocampus were detected by Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining.Results Twenty-four hours after termination of SE, the nuclear protein expressions of NF-κB and HIF-1α in hippocampus of rats were increased in SE group (0.57 × 0.06, 0.47 ± 0.07) compared with those in control group (0.23 ± 0.03, 0.20 ± 0.03;P ＜0.05);and compared with SE group PDTC significantly decreased the nuclear protein expressions of NF-κB and HIF-1 α in SE + PDTC group (0.23 ± 0.03, 0.14 ± 0.03;P ＜ 0.05);in SE + PDTC group the numbers of FJC positive cells in CA1 area (28.33 ±5.03) were decreased compared with that in SE group (76.67 ± 13.32);HIF-1 o siRNA injected into lateral ventricle of rats significantly decreased the expression of HIF-1α in hippocampus (0.22 ±0.03) and the number of FJC positive cell in CA1 area (27.34 ±7.02) in SE + HIF-1α siRNA group compared with those in SE group (0.39 ±0.06, 76.67 ± 13.32;P ＜0.05).Conclusions These data suggest that SE can result in activation of NF-κB/HIF-1o pathway in brain.Inhibition of the pathway can attenuate hippocampal neurodegeneration caused by SE, which has the brain protective effect.

Objective:To study the influence of vitamin C ( VC) on dendritic cells ( DC) ,and detect DC maturation,to provide a feasible method and thought for quickly preparating DC vaccines.Methods:Collected the peripheral blood (about 50 ml) from healthy volunteers,and isolated peripheral blood mononuclear cells with lymphocyte separation medium and obtain DC.With stimulating with different concentrations of VC for (24 h),then washed with PBS,and set up blank control group (V0).The expression of DC surface co-stimulating molecules CD80/86 and HLA-DR, CD40 was detected by flow cytometry.By setting the concentration gradient and time gradient, exciting optimal concentration and stimulating time of VC on DC, and analyzed the reasons of VC promoting DC maturation.Results:VC could effectively stimulate DC,CD80/86 expression had significantly increased contrast to the blank control group (V0).And the experiments show that VC’s best stimulating concentration was 1 mmol/L,and on the third day,the CD80/86 expression rate of VC group was (78.6±4.6) %,and blank control group V0 was (34.1±5.7) %.DC surface HLA-DR expression:VC (56.8± 4.4) %,blank control group V0 (25.4 ±4.7) %,the difference between two groups was statistically significant,P<0.05.CD40 and CD40L expression and results show that VC 2.5 mmol/L group of CD40 expression rate up to (59.3±3.7) %,while V0 group was only (11.1 ±2.4) %,that illustrate VC could significantly regulate CD40 expression on DC surface,but CD40L not reflect.Fluorescence mi-croscope results showed that DC’ s antigen catching ability was also significantly promoted.Conclusion:VC can significantly regulate DC maturity,and may up regulate CD40,thus promoting the express of CD80/86 and HLA-DR.When the concentration is 1 mmol/L,VC expresses the strongest regulation function on DC.