OBJECTIVE:To esbablish pre-dispensing management mode and computer system in outpatient dispensary to facilitate the practice of hospital pharmaceutical care.METHODS:The establisment and application of the pre-dispensing management mode and computer system in outpatient dispensary were analyzed from aspects of hardware preparation,design of system framework and functional modules of the system.RESULTS:The application of pre-dispensing management system brought down the dispensing error rate and reduced patients' waitting time.The stability of the computer system was the key to ensure smooth operation of the pre-dispensing management mode.CONCLUSION:The practice of the pre-dispensing management mode facilitates the formation of good pharmaceutical care system and is a good dispensing managment mode suitable for sound development of hospital pharmacy.

Objective To investigate the synergistic efficacy of different antibiotic combinations against KPC-2 carbapenemase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in vitro and search for effective antibiotic combination.Methods During 2008 - 2009,a total of 24 strains of K.pneumoniae producing KPC-2 carbapenemase were collected from 8 hospitals in the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University,Ningbo LiHuiLi Hospital,Zhejiang People's Hospital,Hangzhou Third Hospital,the Second Hospital of Shaoxing,Hangzhou First Hospital,Fudan University Huashan Hospital,General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region.MLST technique was used for epidemiological analysis.The MIC of antibiotics,such as amikacin,minocycline,imipenem,amoxicillin/clavulanic-acid,ceftazidime,meropenem,gentamicin,cefoxitin,cefepime,rifampicin,polymyxinB,ciprofloxacin were determined by an agar dilution method,the MIC of tigecycline and piperacillin/tazobactain were determined by Etest.The antibacterial activities of cefepime in combination with amoxicillin/clavulanic-acid,amikacin,or ciprofloxacin,amikacin with ciprofloxacin,imipenem with amikacin,ciprofloxacin,polymyxinB,or minocycline,polymyxin B with rifampicin,ceftazidime with amoxicillin/clavulanic-acid were assessed by chequerboard synergy agar dilution tests against all the isolates.Results MLST showed 5 STs among 24 strains of KPC-2 carbapenemase producing K.pneumoniae,and the most prevalent clone was ST11 (15 strains).All isolates were susceptible to polymyxin B and tigecycline,and the resistance rate of minocycline was 4.2％.The synergetic effects were observed in cefepime-amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,imipenem-amikacin,ceftazidime-amoxicillin/clavulanic acid combinations as 19 isolates,13 isolates,and 13 isolates,respectively.Conclusions KPC-2 carbapenemase producing K.pneumoniae is sensitive to polymyxin B,tigecycline and minocycline.The synergetic effect is predominant in cefepime-amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,imipenem-amikacin ceftazidime-amoxicillin/clavulanic acid combinations in vitro,their clinical efficacy are worthy of further observation.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value of echocardiography in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) by summarizing and comparing the electrophysiological and the imaging features.Methods The echocardiography and MRI were performed in the 65 cases of ARVC to measure the right ventricle and the free wall,noted as TTE-RV,MRI-RV and TTE-RVFW.The velocity of tricuspid valve regurgitation (TRmax) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were measured.The three-dimensional electric anatomical model of right ventricular was get by the Carto system,and the right ventricular area (Area-RV),the scar area (Area-Scar) was calculated.Results Twenty-seven cases (41.5 ％) was confirmed by the echocardiography,21 cases (32.3 ％) was suspiciously diagnosed,14 cases (32.3％) was miss diagnosed,and 3 cases (4.6％) was misdiagnosed.Statistically significant difference could be detected among the echocardiography confirmed groups and the other two groups for the parameters TTE-RV,MRI-RV,Area-RV,Area-Scar,and TTE-RVFW (P ＜ 0.05).Also there was a statistically significant difference of the parameters of Area-RV and Area-Scar between the suspiciously and miss diagnosed groups (P ＜0.05).Different echocardiographic findings was found in ARVC with different stages,but myocardial fibrosis and low voltage scar could be detected in all patients on the MRI imaging and and electrophysiological mapping.Conclusions The diagnosis of typical ARVC can be confirmed by echocardiography,but for the patients with early and middle stages,comprehensive evaluation should be refered to the clinical data.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of the Hubei Wingnut ( Malus hapehensis ) leaf decoction (MHD) against conjunctivitis infected with human simplex virus type I (HSV-1). Methods Malus hupehcnsis decoction was used as the active treatment and ribavirin ( RBV) eye drop was used as the positive control. Both of the Vero cells and rabbit eye conjunctiva were infected with HSV-1. The effect and mechanism of the MHD on viral replication was determined by observing the cytopathic effect ( CPE) . The efficacy of MHD at different doses on the rabbit viral conjunctivitis was examined by pathological changes of eye conjunctiva tissues. Results MHD did not inhibit the proliferation of HSV-1 in vitro. The inflammatory reactions of rabbit viral conjunctivitis caused by HSV-1 were obviously attenuated or disappeared after treatment with MHD at 6 kg·L-1 and 3 kg·L-1 for 7 consecutive days,compared with the negative control of 0. 9% NaCl. The curative rate of MHD at the middle and high doses was 83. 3% and 100. 0%, respectively. Conclusion MHD has the potential for treating eye conjunctivitis caused by HSV-1 by relieving inflammation.

Objective To investigate the correlation between vitamin A and surfactant protein (SP)-B, SP-C in human body,and to explore the effects on lung development and pulmonary function of neonates. Methods We collected the blood samples of 170 pregnant women and umbilical cord serum of their neonatal babies. The levels of vitamin A in pregnant women and their neonatal babies,and the levels of SP-B and SP-C in neonatal umbilical cord serum were detected by ELISA. We conducted a follow-up by standard telephone questionnaire,which we concerned was the number of respiratory tract infection within six months,in order to assess the neonatal pulmonary functions. Results (1) There was a positive correlation between the vitamin A levels in neonatal umbilical cord blood and in the blood of pregnant women(r=0. 866,P<0. 05). (2) There was a positive correlation between the vitamin A levels in neonatal umbilical cord blood and the levels of SP-B,SP-C in the blood(r=0. 817,P<0. 05). (3)In the follow-up of 170 cases of infants within six months,three cases with pneumonia hospitalized more than once,but no respiratory distress syndrome hap-pened. Conclusion Vitamin A can be used as an important biological marker to evaluate the neonatal pul-monary maturity. If we detect the vitamin A levels of pregnant women,increase the intake of vitamin A,we can improve the content of SP-B,SP-C,improve the development of neonatal lung function in growth.

Objective To explore the effects of dendritic cells(DCs) pulsed by hepatitis B surface antigen(HbsAg) on the proliferation and function of cytokine-induced killer(CIK) cells.Methods The peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) were isolated by the conventional method,pulsed by HbsAg,and added into the CIK cells.The ~3H-TdR incorporation was used to determine the proliferation of CIK cells and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release was used to measure the specific killer activity of CIK cells induced by HBsAg-pulsed DCs.Results The HBsAg-pulsed DCs could induce the proliferation of CIK cells and strengthen the killer activity of CIK cells induced by HBsAg-pulsed DCs(P

? AIM: To investigate health - related quality of life ( HRQOL ) state in children with intermittent exotropia using the Intermittent Exotropia Questionnaire ( IXTQ ) and research the effect of strabismus surgeries on HRQOL.?METHODS: In this prospective study, we chose 42 patients with intermittent exotropia ( aged 5-17 years) as case group, and 42 patients ( aged 5-17 years) as control group. The Chinese IXTQ was used to evaluate HRQOL at 1d preoperatively and 3mo postoperatively in the two groups, and the differences of the two groups before and after surgery and the effect of strabismus surgery on HRQOL were analyzed.?RESULTS:The scores of HRQOL in control group were statistically significant higher than that of case group ( P<0. 01 ). Every items showed a statistically significant difference except on “Kids tease me because of my eyes”and “ My eyes make it hard for me to make friends” ( P<0.05). At 3mo postoperatively ,the scores of HRQOL in case group significantly increased than that at 1d preoperatively(P<0. 01). Child IXTQ of case group was lower on every items than those of control group after surgery(P<0. 05).?CONCLUSION:Intermittent exotropia could affect the HRQOL in psychosocial and visual functional. The greatest HRQOL concerns for children with intermittent exotropia were shutting one eye when sunny, waiting for their eyes to clear up instead of taunts and friendship. The surgical treatment could improve HRQOL in children with intermittent exotropia.

The effects of mangiferin on uric acid excretion, kidney function and related renal transporters were investigated in hyperuricemic mice induced by potassium oxonate. Mice were divided into normal control group, and 5 hyperuricemic groups with model control, 50, 100, and 200 mg x kg(-1) mangiferin, and 5 mg x kg(-1) allopurinol. Mice were administered by gavage once daily with 250 mg x kg(-1) potassium oxonate for seven consecutive days to create the model. And 3 doses of mangiferin were orally initiated on the day 1 h after potassium oxonate was given, separately. Serum uric acid, creatinine and urea nitrogon levels, as well as urinary uric acid creatinine levels were measured. Mouse uromodulin (mUMOD) levels in serum, urine and kidney were determined by ELISA method. The mRNA and protein levels of related renal transporters were assayed by RT-PCR and Western blotting methods, respectively. Compared to model group, mangiferin significantly reduced serum uric acid, creatinine and urea nitrogon levels, increased 24 h uric acid and creatinine excretion, and fractional excretion of uric acid in hyperuricemic mice, exhibiting uric acid excretion enhancement and kidney function improvement. Mangiferin was found to down-regulate mRNA and protein levels of urate transporter 1 (mURAT1) and glucose transporter 9 (mGLUT9), as well as up-regulate organic anion transporter 1 (mOAT1) in the kidney of hyperuricemic mice. These findings suggested that mangiferin might enhance uric acid excretion and in turn reduce serum uric acid level through the decrease of uric acid reabsorption and the increase of uric acid secretion in hyperuricemic mice. Moreover, mangiferin remarkably up-regulated expression levels of renal organic cation and carnitine transporters (mOCT1, mOCT2, mOCTN1 and mOCTN2), increased urine mUMOD levels, as well as decreased serum and kidney mUMOD levels in hyperuricemic mice, which might be involved in mangiferin-mediated renal protective action.
Animals ; Blood Urea Nitrogen ; Carrier Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Creatinine ; blood ; Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative ; genetics ; metabolism ; Hyperuricemia ; blood ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; urine ; Kidney ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Male ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Octamer Transcription Factor-1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Organic Anion Transport Protein 1 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Organic Anion Transporters ; genetics ; metabolism ; Organic Cation Transport Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Organic Cation Transporter 2 ; Oxonic Acid ; Protective Agents ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5 ; Uric Acid ; blood ; urine ; Uromodulin ; blood ; urine ; Xanthones ; pharmacology

BackgroundThe immunotherapy for retinoblastoma(RB) is gradually concerned recent year.To seek relative immune-associated antigen is a basis of immunotherapy.NY-ESO-1 and NY-SAR-35 are two kinds of genes of cancer testis antigen( CTA ).To understand their expressions in RB tissue can offer index for relative study.ObjectiveThis study was to investigate the expressions of two CTA NY-ESO-1 and NY-SAR-35 in RB and explore the possibility of them as potentially promising targets for antigen-specific immunotherapy of RB.Methods The samples were obtained from 15 RB eyes,12 non-tumor retinopathy eyes and 22 normal eyes with other benign eye diseases.Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to detect the expressions of NY-ESO-1 mRNA and NY-SAR-35 mRNA in the samples.Genes of positive PCR results were sequenced randomly.The relevance of the expression of the two cancer-testis antigen genes with the clinical characteristics such as tumor stage,tumor size and clinical stage were analyzed.This study was approved by Ethic Committee of Guangxi Medical University.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before operation. Results NY-ESO-1 mRNA was positively expressed in 6 RB samples and NY-SAR-35 mRNA was expressed in 9 RB samples.In the non-tumor retinopathy samples and normal eye tissues,NY-ESO-1 mRNA and NY-SAR-35 mRNA were absent.No significant relevances were found between the expressions of the NY-ESO-1 mRNA and NY-SAR-35 mRNA with clinical characteristics such as age ( P =0.426,0.822 ),gender ( P =0.180,0.464 ),pathological classification ( P =0.744,0.582 ),tumor size ( P =0.760,0.790),and clinical stage ( P =0.868,0.707 ).Conclusions NY-ESO-1 and NY-SAR-35 have high expressing frequencies in RB tissue and their expressions in RB have specificity.These results offer a clue for the identification of targets antigen of RB.

Objectives：This study was designed to investigate the regulation effect of 8-Br-cAMP （ 8-Bromo 3′ ：5′ -cyclic adenosine monophosphate） on the expression of connexin gene (Cx43) in human tongue carcinoma cell line (Tca8113) . Methods：The inhibitory effect of 8-Br-cAMP on growth of Tca8113 cell line was examined by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Cx43 gene expression in Tca8113 cells after treated with 8-Br-cAMP was analyzed by immunocytochemistry and flow cytometry . Results：After treated with 8-Br-cAMP(10-5 mol/L, 10-4 mol/L, 10-3 mol/L), Tca8113 cells was inhibited and the inhibition rate was increased with the concentration of 8-Br-cAMP; Immunocytochemistry showed Cx43 protein detectability and up-regulation in 8-Br-cAMP treated cells; The positive rate of Cx43 protein in Tca8113 ce1ls increased from 4.8％ to 26.5％ . There was significant difference between 8-Br-cAMP treated cells and untreated cells （ P<0.01） . Conclusion： The anti-tumor effect of 8-Br-cAMP on Tca8113 cells might be due to up-regu1ation on Cx43 gene.