Papers on mycorrhizas were searched from SCI (Science Citation Index) database. In order to understand the research progress of mycorrhizas in China, the paper on mycorrhizas from 1989 to 2007 was analyzed with method of bibliometrics. Mycorrhizal researches showed an increasing tendency during 1989 to 2007, while the increase was obviously accelerated after 2000. Only 5.22% of the articles were published in journals with impact factor above 5, indicates that the academic levels of researches need being enhanced. Currently the research on mycorrhizas was mainly focused on Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), especially on effects of mycorrhizal fungi on plant physiology, effects of mycorrhizal fungi on resistance of host plants, Mycorrhizal diversity community and ecological distribution, and phytoremediation with Mycorrhizal plants. The future research should emphasize in phytoremediation with Mycorrhizal plants and identification of fungal species with molecular biological technology.

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; epidemiology

Objective To explore the relationship between paraoxonase1 (PON1) L55M gene polymorphisms and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction(CI)in Hunan Han people. Methods The study population was comprised of 153 atherosclerotic cerebral infarction patients and 153 healthy individuals. The PON1-L55M genotypes were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results MM genotype was not found both in CI and control group. In CI group, genotypic frequency of LL was 96.7% and LM was 3.3%. The allele frequency of L was 0.984 and M was 0.016. In control group, genotypic frequency of LL was 93.5% and LM was 6.5%. The allele frequency of L was 0.968 and M was 0.032. PON1-L55M polymorphism revealed no significant difference of genotype and allelic distribution in CI patients and controls.Conclusion The polymorphism of PON1-L55M is not related to the incidence of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction in Hunan Han people.

Objective To evaluate the effect of X-ray stereotactic radiotherapy(SRT)with two different methods in curing brain metastases.Methods 41 patients with brain metastases were treated by SRT,including 24 cases by SRT and 17 cases by SRT combined whole brain irradiation.78 lesions in 41 patients fall into two groups:small tumor(3 cm).All patients were followed for 2～19 months after treatment by CT scan.The effect,recurrent and complication were discussed.Results Following SRT,the effect rate was 92.9% in SRT group and 93.7% in SRT combined whole brain irradiation group.The effect rate was 97.4% for small lesions while 90% large lesions.The recurrent rate was much higher in SRT(17%) than that in SRT combined whole brain irradiation group(5.9%),the difference was statistically significant(?

Objective: To estimate the preventive effect of mitomycin C (MMC) injection via great omentum vein during resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) against the recurrence of IHCC. Methods: The clinical data of 73 IHCC patients, who were treated in our hospital form Jan. 2000 to Jun. 2004, were retrospectively analyzed. Thirty-eight patients were injected with 10 mg MMC via great omentum vein during operation; thirty-five patients who received no chemotherapeutic agents were taken as controls. The recurrence of the disease was followed up and was statistically analyzed. Results: Patients in the 2 groups were matchable in sex, age, viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, tumor diameter, tumor number, preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT), blood transfusion, portal vein or bile duct thrombus and postoperative TACE (P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the recurrence was related to the number and diameter of the tumors, with the hazard ratios being 1.877 (P=0.001) and 1.391 (P=0.029 4), respectively; injection of MMC had no influence on the recurrence. There was no significant difference in the time of disease-free survival (DFS)between the 2 groups, with the median time of DFS of MMC injection group being 5 months and of control group being 3 months after the first operation(P=0.125 3). The recurrence rates in the MMC group and control group were 65. 79% vs 68.57% (P=0.800 4) 6 months after operation, 81.58% vs 94.29%(P=0.099 0)1 year after operation, 89.47% vs 97.14% (P=1.679 55) 2 years after operation and 92.11% vs 97.14% (P=0.344 7)3 years after operation. Conclusion: Injection of 10mg MMC via great omentum vein during resection of IHCC may have no definite effect on the recurrence of IHCC; however, perspective study is needed to verify this finding.

AIDS Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology ; Animals ; HIV Infections ; immunology ; prevention & control ; virology ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Mucosal

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of skin lesions of tsutsugamushi disease.Methods The skin lesions and clinical characteristics of 17 hospitalized patients with tsutsugamushi disease were analyzed. Results Of the patients, 88.2% (15/17) developed eschar and skin ulcer, 64.7% (11/17) had skin rashes. The patients often developed solitary, painless and nonpruritic eschar 4 to 10 days after the occurrence of fever, with indefinite locations and average diameter of 1.2 cm (range: 0.5 - 3.0 cm). The eschar was covered with a black and dry surface and surrounded by a ring-shaped erythematous halo, and usually shedded 5 to 9 days after the appearance with the formation of shallow ulcer. Superficial lymphadenectasis was observed near the eschar in 80% of the patients with eschar, and no eschar was observed at the first visit in 66.7% of the patients. Skin rashes mainly included nonpruritic congestive papules (45.5%) and maculopapular rashes (54.5%), and often subsided 2 to 5 days after emergence. Conclusions The skin lesions of tsutsugamushi disease include eschar and skin rashes. Eschar is an important characteristic and highly suggestive of this entity.

Objective To investigate the clinical significance of thyroglobulin antibody (ATG) and thyroid peroxidase antibody (ATPO) in patients with vitiligo. Methods Venous blood samples were obtained from 87 patients with vitiligo and 90 age- and sex-matched normal human controls. Chemiluminescence was applied to measure the serum levels of ATG, ATPO, free triiodothyronine, free tetraiodothyronine and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Results There was a significant increase in the positivity rates of ATG (23.0% vs 6.7%, P < 0.01) and ATPO (24.1% vs 7.8%, P < 0.01) as well as the serum level of TSH (3.4 ± 2.4 vs 2.4 ± 1.2 pmol/L, P < 0.05) in the patients with vitiligo compared with the normal human controls. It is worth mentioning that all patients positive for ATG or ATPO were diagnosed with vitiligo vulgaris. The positivity rates of ATG and ATPO in patients with vitiligo aged from 11 to 20 years and 21 to 40 years were significantly higher than those in age-matched normal controls (all P < 0.05). Also, female patients had a higher positivity rate of ATG and ATPO than female controls did (34.1% vs 8.5%, χ2 = 8.90, P < 0.01; 34.1% vs 10.6%,χ2 = 7.29, P < 0.05). The highest positivity rates of both ATG and ATPO were 53.3%, which were observed in vitiligo patients aged from 11 to 20 years, followed by patients from 21 to 40 years (ATG 34.5%, ATPO 34.5%). In patients with vitiligo positive for both ATG and ATPO, the occurrence of autoimmune thyroid disease was 70% (14/20), significantly higher than that in ATG- and ATPO- positive healthy controls (16.7%, χ2 = 5.4, P < 0.05). Conclusions ATG and ATPO were observed in young female patients with vitiligo vulgaris, and they may be associated with the development of autoimmune thyroid diseases.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathogenical significance of phosphorylation type of c-jun N-terminal kinase(p-JNK)and muhidmg resistance protein P-glycopretein(P-gP),multidrug resistance proteinl(MRP1)and lung resistance protein(LRP)in gastric cancer. Methods The expression of p-JNK,P-gP,MRP1 and LRP was detected in a tissue microarray containing 168 spots of gastric cancer tissue and 27 spots of normal gastric tissue by immunohistochemistry.Results The positive expression rate of p-JNK,P-gp,MRP1 and LRP in gastric cancer wag 45.8%,51.8%,45.8%and 55.4%respectively,which Was significantly higher than that in normal gastric tissue(P＜0.05).The p-JNK expression correlated with depth of invasion(P＜0.01),histology grade(P＜0.05),vessel invasion (P＜0.01),lymph node metastasis and distant metastasis(P＜0.01).The expression of p-JNK,P-gp and MRP1 in a positive relationship(P＜0.05).Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed a significant impact on survival by p-JNK,P-gp and MRPl(P＜0.05). Conclusion The p-JNK expression in gastric cancer is correlated with malignant biological behavior and may be involved in the chemotherapeutic resistance by upregulating the expression of P-g[ and MRP1.

To observe the preventive effect of polydatin on diabetic myocardial hypertrophy in mice and discuss its and mechanism. The diabetic model was induced with low dose STZ (40 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1) x 5 d, ip) for five days in mice. The myocardial hypertrophy was determined by hypertrophy indexes (LVHI, left ventricular/right ventricle and septum), left ventricular/body weight (LV/BW), the histological examination and the mRNA expression of atrial natriuretic factor(ANF). The fast blood glucose(FBG), serum insulin and plasma hemoglobin A1c ( HbA1c) levels were detected, and then HOMA insulin resistance index ( HOMA. IR) was calculated. The mRNA and protein expressions were measured by qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. According to the results, the FBG of the model group exceeded 11.1 mmol x L(-1), with notable decrease in BW and significant increase in insulin, HbA1c and HOME. IR, suggesting the successful establishment and stability of the diabetic model. The increases in LVHI, LV/BW, cell surface and ANF mRNA indicated a myocardial hypertrophy in diabetic mice. Meanwhile, the model group showed decrease in mRNA and protein expressions of PPARβ and significant increase in NF-κB p65, COX-2 and iNOS expressions. After the preventation with PD (50, 100 mg x kg(-1) x d(-1)), diabetic mice showed increase in BW, reduction in the levels of FBG, insulin and HbA1 c, relief in insulin resistance and significant recovery in hypertrophy indexes, indicating PD has the protective effect in diabetic myocardial hypertrophy. Meanwhile, PD up-regulated the expression of PPARβ, inhibited the expressions of NF-κB p65, COX-2 and iNOS, demonstrating that PD's protective effect may be related to the activation of PPARβ and the inhibition of NF-κB, COX-2 and iNOS signaling pathways.
Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; complications ; Diabetic Cardiomyopathies ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; Glucosides ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Insulin ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; NF-kappa B ; genetics ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Stilbenes ; administration & dosage