In order to improve the production of agro-antibiotic 2-16,the producing strain(Streptomyces ahygroscopicus var.huangshanensis) was treated by protoplast regeneration,ultraviolet radiation,NTG mutagenesis and low energy C~(+) ion implantation.At last,a high-yield strain No.515 was obtained.The production of ~()No.515 was increased by 223.10%.By using Plackett-Burman design and Response Surface Analysis provided by SAS software,the cultivation condition of No.515 was optimized.The amount of agro-antibiotic 2-16 was increased by 38.53% when the strain No.515 was cultivated in the optimum medium instead of the initial one.

Objective To study normal flora components of conjunctiva, explore the relationship between normal flora and ocu- lar bacterial infections.Methods The data of 1 198 bacterial cultures of conjunctiva in non-infectious cataract patients were re- viewed and compared with the results of 985 specimens of conjunctivitis, keratitis and endophthalmitis from January 2000 to December 2004.Results Positive culture of conjunctiva in non-infectious cataract patients was 628 in 1 198 specimens (52.4%).These bacteria including gram-positive cocci and gram-neganve bacilli constituted the normal flora of conjunctiva. Staphylococcus epidermidis was the predominant bacteria (51.1%, 341/667) and its prevalence increased during this 5-year period.S.epidermidis and S.aureus were also the most frequently isolated pathogens in specimens of conjunctivitis, keratitis and endophthalmitis.The correlation was statistically significant between the positive rate in normal eye and conjunctivitis or keratitis in terms of these two species, but not statistically significant between normal eye and endophthalmitis.The resistance rate of normal flora of conjunctiva to ampicillin, amikacin, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin increased year by year. The resistance rate to gentamicin and the combination of two drugs decreased.The changing resistant pattern was similar in pa- tients with eye infection.Conclusions There is a close relationship between the normal flora S.aureus and S.epidermidis of conjunctiva and the bacterial infection of ocular surface, but no significant correlation between normal flora and the pathogen of endophthalmitis.

Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) is the causative agent of an extremely contagious and aggressive disease afflicting common corp Cyprinus carpio L. termed koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD). Since it was first reported in 1997, the virus has spread worldwide rapidly, leading to enormous financial losses in industries based on common carp and koi carp. This review summarizes recent advances in CyHV-3 research on the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and control of KHVD.
Animals ; Fish Diseases ; diagnosis ; virology ; Fishes ; classification ; virology ; Herpesviridae ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Herpesviridae Infections ; diagnosis ; veterinary ; virology

Objective To discuss the methods and clinical effects of phased treatment of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) combined with severe hip flexion contracture.Methods The study enrolled 8 cases (12 hips) of AS combined with severe hip flexion contracture hospitalized from September 2011 to November 2012.Phased treatments included lateral hip arthrolysis,articular capsulectomy,stripping of the reflected head of rectus femoris,femoral neck osteotomy,traction and stage Ⅱ biotype total hip arthroplasty (THA).Preoperative and postoperative Harris score,hip range of motion,and complication of femoral nerve injury were detected.Results Period of follow-up was 6-12 months (mean 10 months).One case developed heterotopic ossification,which affected postoperative hip activity and received resection one year later.One case sustained fissure fracture of calcar femorale during implantation of the prosthetic femoral stem,but no special handling was provided.Of all cases,active flexion and extension of the hip were both 0° before operation,but increased to (96.25 ± 4.33) ° and (24.17 ± 4.69)° respectively after operation ; mean Harris score was improved from (26.67 ± 2.39) points preoperatively to (90.92 ± 5.66) points postoperatively (P ＜ 0.01).Besides,no femoral nerve injury was observed.Conclusion Phased treatment of AS combined with severe hip flexion contracture restores hip function and minimizes femoral nerve injury following THA.

Objective To discuss the optimal timing of fixation for femoral shaft fractures with concomitant head injuries. MethodsEarly and delayed complications,mortality rate,interval of ICU and duration of hospital stay were compared among 137 patients with head injuries,so as to evaluate the curative effect of early fixation of femoral shaft fracture(n=56) and delayed fixation(n=81).Results Early fixation group enjoyed advantages in the interval of ICU,duration of hospital stay,associated shock and infection rate over the delayed fixation group(P

Protective effect and mechanism of electroacupuncture (EA) on acute reperfusion ventricular arrhthmia was investigated. Ventricular arrhythmia was induced by occlusion of the proximal left anterior descend (LAD) branch of coronary artery for 5 min and followed with 15 min reperfusion. EA on acupoint "Neiguan", "Jianshi" was performed at 30 min before ligation and continued another 5 min during ischemia. Isoprenaline (20, 30 and 50 microg/kg) or atropine (1 mg/ kg) was intravenously injected at 5 min before ischemia. The results showed that EA significantly decreased the incidence of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) induced ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF) and mortality as compared to I/R group. Atropine partially suppressed the EA's effect of antiarrhythmia; Isoprenaline increased the incidence and severity of reperfusion arrhythmia, which was inhibited by EA, but this inhibition of EA was blocked with increasing dose of isoprenaline. The results indicated that EA treatment could prevent the occurrence of reperfusion ventricular arrhythmia in rats with myocardial ischemia, and its mechanism might be related to the regulation of EA on the beta-adrenoceptors and M-cholinergic receptor activation in myocardium.

Objective:To investigate the expression of HIF-1?and its relationship with angiogenesis in osteosarcoma.Methods: Osteosarcoma MG-63 cells were cultured in vitro under hypoxia and mimic hypoxia conditions.Thirty paraffin-embedded osteosarcoma tissues and 20 fresh frozen osteosarcoma specimens were collected.The mRNA and protein expression of HIF-1?and VEGF were detected by RT-PCR,Western blotting,ELISA,and immunohistochemistry methods.The mean vessel density(MVD)were also calculated.Results:The mRNA level of HIF-1?had no change under hypoxia and minic hypoxia conditions,whereas the protein expression was increased dramaticaly.The mRNA and protein expression of VEGF was significantly increased under hypoxia and minic hypoxia conditions.The positive rate of HIF-1?mRNA(90%)and VEGF(100%)in 20 fresh frozen tissues were higher than those of the para-tumor tissues(P

The combination effect of high hydrostatic pressure and moderate heat on the inactivation kinetics of Bacillus coagulans spore in phosphate buffer and UHT(Ultra High Temperature)whole milk was investigated.The pressure come-up time and corresponding log-reduction of spore inactivation were considered during pressure-thermal treatment.Bacillus coagulans spore had a much higher resistance to pressure in UHT whole milk than in phosphate buffer.Survival data were modeled using the linear,Weibull and log-logistic models to obtain relevant kinetic parameters.The tailing phenomenon occurred in all survival curves,indicating the linear model was not adequate for describing these curves.The log-logistic model produced best fits to survival curves,following by Weibull model.

AIM: To investigate the effect of enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) gene transfection on the cell cycle distribution of primary cultured human chondrocytes in order to establish a tracking method of cultured human nasoseptal chondrocytes. METHODS: pEGFP-N1 plasmid was amplified in E.coli, and purified by high purity kit. Primary cultured human chondrocytes,which were initially obtained from the nasoseptal cartilage, were cultured in vitro and transferred with pEGFP-N1 by means of electroporation with Amaxa nucleofector device. Transfering process and transient expression were evaluated by laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM), the transfer efficiency and the cell cycle distribution were evaluated by flow cytometry. RESULTS: There was significant expression of EGFP at 24 h after transferring. The transfection efficiency of pEGFP-N1 into primary cultured human chondrocytes reached 35 37% at 48 h. It didn't affect the process of cell adherance and had no effect on the cell cycle distribution. CONCLUSION: Primary cultured human chondrocytes, which were transfected with pEGFP, are alive in vitro, and the transferring process doesn't affect the cell cycle distribution. These results suggest that pEGFP-N1 is an ideal transient expression vector for primary cultured human chondrocytes and it might be a well tracer in construction tissue engineered cartilage.