OBJECTIVE: Available information on the background of the current state and advances of the intestinal lymph trans port of medicines were reviewed. Drug transported by the intestinal lymphatic system can avoid hepatic first-pass metabolism, increase the bioavalibitlty of the highly lipophilic drug, and it is of importance for immunomodulatory, anticancer and anti-infective drugs. METHODS: We conducted a systematic literature review of articles published recent years, analysis and summaries are made upon the advances and methods applied for the increase of the intestinal lymph transport. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Intestinal lymphatic transport can increase the bioavailability via a reduction in the first-pass metabolism and the possibility of specifically targeting drugs to regions of the lymphatics, thus it is very advantageous for drugs that are under significant first-pass metabolism. The present review embodies a brief background of the mechanism of access of drugs to the intestinal lymph, a discussion on the links between lipid absorption and transport of highly lipophilic drugs, and approaches for enhancing lymphatic drug transport. Finally, experimental models of the lymphatic transport are also discussed.

Objective:To investigate if there is difference about the parameters of acoustic analysis with the different vowe |a|、|i|、| | and decide which vowels is best fitted to the acoustic analysis. Method:40 normal and 130 pathologic voice patients accepted acoustic analysis. Each acoustic parameters such as jitter,shimmer、NNE、 SDF0、SNR were compared with different vowels. Result:Jitter、shimmer、NNE with |i| were much lower than that with |a| and | | in normal cases and light hoarseness group. While the acoustic parameters with |i| were much higher than that with |a| and | | in moderate and heavy hoarseness group. Conclusion: |a| and | | were the preferred vowels for normal and light hoarseness group,while the |i| could supply some useful suggestion for the moderate and heavy hoarse patients.

Objective To study whether the mechanism of mifepristone in treating adenomyosis is suppressing matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase-1(MMP-9/TIMP-1). Methods Thirty-five patients in the mifepristone treated group(19 cases of adenomyosis) and the control group(16 cases of adenomyosis,non-drug treated) underwent hysterectomy.Endometrium was looked as eutopic endometrium and adenomyosis as ectopic endometrium.Expression of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in eutopic and ectopic endometrium were measured by immunohistochemical techniques. Results The ectopic endometrium of the mifepristone treated group expressed lower level of MMP-9,higher level of TIMP-1 and lower ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 than the ectopic endometrium of the control group(P

Fibromatosis, Gingival ; diagnosis ; Gingival Overgrowth ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans

BACKGROUND: Under wear particles stimulation, mononuclear macrophages, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts can produce a large amount of inflammatory factors, leading to periprosthetic osteolysis. But the precise mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the molecular biological mechanism underlying osteolysis induced by titanium wear particles . RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Cleaned titanium particles stimulation induced an unbalanced ratio of RANK mRNA to OPG mRNA. Over-expressed RANK bound to RANK ligand and promoted osteolysis. No RANK mRNA expression was detected in the LPS group, but OPG mRNA expression was transiently increased at 4 hours. NF-κB/inflammatory cytokine, rather than RANK/OPG, is the main signal pathway for LPS to induce osteolysis. After LPS binding to titanium particles, these two signal mechanisms, RANK/OPG and NF-κB/inflammatory cytokine, have synergistic effects during artificial joint loosening.

It was show that the 3 medical preparations, viz: Chuanxiong, the mixture of Chuanxiong & Ginseng ( CG Mixture ) , and the mixture of Chuanxiong & Miltiorrhizae could increase the coronary retrograde flow & decrease the resistance to collateral flow. The CG mixture exhibited positive effects on cardiac output, coronary flow blood, & retrograde pressure, but the other 2 medicines showed negative effects.These findings suggest that the CG mixture could improve & regulate the cardiovascular function, open the collateral vessels to reduce the ischemic size, while the other 2 medicines might reduce the cardiac power consumption. It is expected that the CG mixture may be more suitable for treatment of coronary diseases with cardiac insufficiency & hypotension, and the other 2 may be used for that with hypertension.

These groups of Chinese medicines were prepared-Cbuanxiong, a mixture of Chuanxiong & Ginseng, & a mixture of Chuanxiong & Miltorrhiza. The effects of these groups of drug on sischemic areas ( subepicar-dial ) and ( subendocardial) PO2 were compared in anaesthetized open-chest mongrel dogs. The heart tissue P02 was determined simultaneously at a depth of 2-3mm(epicardial) and 8-9mm (endocardial) 晈ith small platinum electrodes by polarography. The 3 combinations of medicine could not only increase the heart tissue PO2 in both areas when ischemia occured, but also increase deep area P02 to a greater extant than superficial area PO2. Lignsticum Chuanxiong and Panax Ginseng were more effective than the other 2 groups.

Cardiotoxic effects of adriamycin were investigated in cultured heart cells. Three-day cultured myocardial cells were treated with the different doses of adriamycin (0.3mg/L, 1 mg/L, 3 mg/L) , and incubated in verieus times times ( 4 h, 8 h, 24h ) , and, then the content of lactate dehydrogenase ( LDH ) in media and malondialdehyde ( MDA ) in cells were measured. The results showed that the content of LDH in media increased with the time in culture. The content of LDH in media and MDA in cells increased markedly with the increase in adriamycin concentration. It suggested that the adriamycin has direct damage to myocardial cells, which is time-dependent and dose-dependent.

To study changes in mRNA expression of induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the brain of rat repeatedly exposed to +Gz, and to explore the prevention and treatment effect of basis fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and radix salviae miltiorrhizae (RSM) on the brain injury induced by repeated +Gz exposures. The mRNA expression levels of iNOS in brain were measured by semi quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR). The results showed the iNOS mRNA expression level in brain of rats repeatedly exposed to +Gz was significantly higher than that of control, but bFGF and RSM could alleviate the expression change of iNOS. It suggested that the iNOS mRNA expression in rat brain was induced by repeated +Gz exposures and it might play an important role in the pathologic course of brain damage induced by +Gz exposures.The bFGF and RSM possessed prevention and treatment on the brain injury induced by repeated +Gz exposures.

Objective To investigate the occurrence of p16 gene methylation in the population chronically exposed to arsenic in Inner Mongolia,and to study the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis associated with arsenic exposure.Methods The study group was composed of 40 cases of typical arseniasis selected from the epidemic area,and the two control groups consisting respectively of 40 non-arseniasis cases selected from the same epidemic area,and 40 healthy persons enrolled from non-epidemic area.Methylation of p16 gene in the blood specimens were analyzed for all the subjects with MS-PCR techniques,and statistical analysis was performed using chi square test.Results The positive rates of p16 hypermethylation in blood specimens were 65.0%,47.5% and 20.0% respectively in study group and two control groups,and the rate of hypermethylation increased with the increase in arsenic exposure with drinking water in epidemic areas.The positive rate of p16 hypermethylation showed significant differences(P