Clinical internships play an important role in higher medical education. According to the new standards in undergraduate medical education set by the MOE and MOH,we identified 4 main problems in our internships training,including lack of awareness of career planning,interns'absence from duty,lack of hands-on opportunities,psychological problems,etc. According to these problems,we carried out a series of solutions such as strengthening intern orientation,especially in aspects of professionalism and clinical skills training,optimizing the rotation schedule and improving the evaluation methods etc. Experiential evidence and perceptions of interns and their tutors showed that these changes were effective.

Hip Joint ; Humans ; Ischium/diagnostic imaging* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Norovirus ; chemistry ; Receptors, Virus ; physiology ; Viral Structural Proteins ; chemistry ; immunology ; Viral Vaccines ; immunology

Objective To study the protective role of AngiotensinⅡreceptor inhibitor in ventilator-induced lung injury of rats.Method Forty healthy male SD rats were equally divided into four group (A,B,C,D group,n=10).Group A served as control group,group B had low tidal volume (V_T=10 ml/kg) with breathing rate (P)=80/min;group C had high tidal volume (V_T=40 ml/kg) group with breathing rate 80/min;group D had high tidal volume (V_T=40 ml/kg) group with breathing rate 80/min,all rats in group D were pretreated with Losartan.The duration of ventilation in 'all groups was two hours.Rats were sacrificed after experiment finished. The lung lavage liquid and lung tissue were collected and preserved with well established methods.Lung pathological change was observed by microscope;lung cell apoptosis was assessed with TUNEL;the expression of ANGⅡwas assayed with RT-PCR.The measured variables also included total protein,WBC,W/D,MPO. Results In comparison with B group,all variables in group C were significantly increased (P

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic value of endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) for large flat gastric lesions.Methods Large flat gastric lesions (≥2cm ) were dissected with a curved needle knife following:①injecting normal saline into the submucosa to separate the lesion from the mus- cle layer;②pre-cutting the surrounding mucosa of the lesion,and③dissecting the connective tissue of the submucosa under the lesion.Results Five flat gastric lesions ranged from 2.0 to 5.0 cm were re- moved successfully.Three located in the antrum,1 in the body and 1 in the incisure.The procedure time ranged from 80 to 120 min .Average blood loss was about 100 ml.The bleeding was controlled by elec- trocoagulation,argon plasma coagulation and clip.One patient had delayed bleeding after ESD.There was no perforation.There were clear resection margins confirmed by pathology in all 5 cases.The patients were followed up for 1-6 months .There were no recurrence with complete healing of original lesions.Conclusions ESD is a useful endoscopic method in treating large flat gastric lesion.It can com- pletely remove large lesion and provide precise pathological diagnosis.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for the removal of small gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).

METHODSGIST diagnosed by endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) was managed by ESD with the needle knife as follows:(1)Injecting normal saline into the submucosa. (2)Pre-cutting the surrounding mucosa of the lesion. (3) Dissecting the submucosal tissue to display GIST and resecting the lesion completely.

RESULTSOf 20 GISTs, 12 located in gastric fundus, and 1 in gastric antrum, 3 in gastric body and 4 in rectum. Lesion diameter ranged from 0.5 to 3.2 cm and the mean resected size was 1.6 cm. Among 20 lesions, 19 were resected with ESD completely, and 1 received additional operation because of tumor residual in the wound after ESD. The success rate of ESD was 95.0% (19/20). The mean ESD procedure time was 87.5 min (ranging from 60 to 150 min). None of the patients had delayed bleeding after ESD. Perforations occurred in 3 cases after the dissection of the GIST, which were closed with metallic endoclips without additional surgical suture. The perforation rate of ESD was 15.0% (3/20). The follow up ranged from 2 to 12 months, and no recurrence was observed by EUS except the above-mentioned case undergone additional operation.

CONCLUSIONESD is effective and safe for small GIST, which can resect the whole lesion and provide pathological information.

Adult ; Aged ; Digestive System Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal ; methods ; Endosonography ; Esophagoscopy ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastric Mucosa ; surgery ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To synthesize and analyze sodium 18F-fluoroacetate (FAC) and its precursor ethyl O-mesylglycolate (EOMG). Methods EOMG was synthesized using modified method. Its chemical purity was checked by HPLC and its structure was elucidated on the basis of spectral analyses. Final product of 18F-FAC was synthesized based on general nucleophilic reactions module Explora GN using EOMG as a precursor. Liquid chromatography Explora LC was applied to get rid of its chemical impurities.Then HPLC and radio-thin layer chromatography were used to assay its radiochemical purity, chemical purity and specific activity. Results EOMG was synthesized and identified. Its yield was 70% and its chemical purity was 97.0% (calculated by chromatographic peak area). The radiochemical purity of 18F-FAC was more than 98%, and its specific activity was 236. 5 MBq/μmol. Conclusion This synthetic method for 18F-FAC and its precursor can be defined as effective and highly quality-controlled.

The cytokines of acute leukemia (AL) patients have certain expression patterns, forming a complex network involved in diagnosis, progression, and prognosis. We collected the serum of different AL patients before and after complete remission (CR) for detection of cytokines by using an antibody chip. The expression patterns of cytokines were determined by using bioinformatics computational analysis. The results showed that there were significant differences in the cytokine expression patterns between AL patients and normal controls, as well as between acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In confirmatory test, ELISA revealed the expression of uPAR in AL. Moreover, the bioinformatic analysis showed that the differentially expressed cytokines among the AL groups were involved in different biological behaviors and were closely related with the development of the disease. It was concluded that the cytokine expression pattern of AL patients is significantly different from that of healthy volunteers. Also, differences of cytokine expression patterns exist between AML and ALL, and between before and after CR in the same subtype of AL, which holds important clinical significance for revealing disease progression.

Objective To study the awareness of Brucellosis prevention knowledge and prevalence of risk behaviors among the primary and secondary school students from breeding livestock’s families in Western pastoral areas of Jilin province,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of Brucellosis.Methods With application of multi-stage random sampling method,a questionnaire survey which including Brucellosis prevention knowledge and risk behaviors was conducted among 209 primary and secondary school students in west part of Jilin province in 2012.Results 105(50.97%)students had heard Brucellosis among 206 students,the older students knew more about Brucellosis than the younger(χ2 =28.80,P=0.00).The M(Q)of the score of the Brucellosis-related knowledge was 8(6.00,9.00),the total passing rate was 28.64%.72(68.61%)students learned Brucellosis from village doctors and acquaintances,only 11(10.51%)students learned it from school;the contact rates of eight kinds of high-risk behaviors were helping feeding 21.84%(62/206),holding lamb 16.50%(58/206),cleaning sheepfold 8.73%(26/206),vaccinating sheep 5.34%(17/206),milking 2.91%(6/206);cleaning apoblema 2.91%(6/206),slaughtering 2.42%(5/206)and delivering lamb 1.94%(4/206);there was no significant difference between the passing rate and the eight kinds of the basic protective behaviors except feeding (P>0.05).Conclusion The level of Brucellosis prevention knowledge is low in Western pastoral areas of Jilin province, and there was a high-risk of contact behavior with sheep and low basic protection rate. It indicates that the education about prevention and control of Brucellosis in the students from breeding livestork’s familes should be strengthened in order to prevent Brucellosis infection.

Abstract:This study aims to investigate the genetic characteristics of group A rotavirus (GARV) G9P[8] strains from infantile diarrhea samples in Hebei Lulong region from 2009 to 2011. We randomly selected five GARV G9P[8] strains in Hebei Lulong region from 2009 to 2011, amplified the 11 gene fragments of GARVs by RT-PCR, and analyz their full-genome sequences by homology and phylogenetic analysis with DNAStar and MEGA. The nucleotide homology between strains LL11131077 and LL11131083 in 2011 was significantly higher than hat etween them and the other three strains in 2009 and 2010. The G9P[8] GARVs circulating in Hebei Lulong region from 2009 to 2011 elenged to the same genotype as the prevalent G9P[8] GARVs in other parts of the world. However,the two strains in 2011, compared with those in 2009 and 2010, were located in a different sub-branch of the phylogenetic tree and had amino acid mutations at many sites.
China ; Feces ; virology ; Genome, Viral ; Genotype ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Rotavirus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Rotavirus Infections ; virology ; Viral Proteins ; genetics