Objective To study the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and protein kinase B (Akt) expression and clinical significance in the tissue of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC).Methods Western Blot and immunohistochemical staining were applied to investigate the expression of PI3K and Akt in specimens of 41 patients with EOC (EOC group),20 patients with normal ovary (NO,NO group) and 20 patients with benign epithelial ovarian tumor (BEOT,BEOT group).Results The positive expression rate of PI3K in EOC group [70.7％(29/41)] was significantly higher than that in NO group and BEOT group [10.0％ (2/20),20.0％ (4/20)] (P ＜0.01).The positive expression rate of Akt in EOC group [73.2％ (30/41)] was significantly higher than that in NO group and BEOT group [10.0％ (2/20),30.0％ (6/20)] (P＜ 0.01).There was significant difference in the expression of PI3K and Akt between Ⅰ-1Ⅱ stage and Ⅲ-Ⅳ stage in EOC patients (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of PI3K and Akt between serous cystadenocarcinoma and mucous cystadenocarcinoma (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The expression of PI3K and Akt increases obvioualy in the tissue of EOC.PI3K and Akt may play important roles in carcinogenesis and metastasis of EOC.PI3K/Akt pathway may be served as a potential target for anticancer therapy.

ObjectiveDahl salt-sensitive (Dahl/SS) rats are hereditary salt-sensitive hypertensive rats.Its pathogenesis is similar to that of human primary hypertension,CPB established in Dahl/SS rats provides an animal model for the study of CPB in patients with primary hypertension.MethodsMale 14-16 weeks old Dahl/SS rats weighing 360-390 g were fed with high salt (8％ NaCl) diet for 4 weeks before the experiment.Ten Dahl/SS rats were randomly divided into 2 groups ( n =5 each) according to the CPB time:groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ underwent CPB for 120 and 75 min respectively.Another 7 male 14-16 weeks old ordinary SD rats weighing 410-490 g undergoing CPB for 120 min were used as control group (group Ⅰ ).Anesthesia was induced with isoflurane inhalation.Orotraeheal intubation was performed.The animals were mechanically ventilated.Right jugular vein and tail artery were cannulated for venous drainage and arterial inflow from CPB circuit.Blood was oxygenated with a customized mini-oxygenator.Blood gases were analyzed and blood glucose concentration was determined.MAP was recorded before (baseline) and at 30 and 60 min of CPB and 30 and 90 min after CPB.The rate of changes in MAP and blood glucose concentration and survival rate at 7 d after termination of CPB were recorded.ResultsThere was no significant difference in blood gases among the 3 groups.The rates of change in MAP and blood glucose concentration were significantly higher during and after CPB in Dahl/SS rats than in control SD rats in a duration of CPB dependent manner.The survival rate at 7 d after CPB was 7/7 (in group Ⅰ ),1/5 (in group Ⅱ ) and 4/5 (in group Ⅲ ) respectively.ConclusionA model of 75 min CPB is established successfully in Dahl/SS rats.

Objective To investigate the role of RNA-binding protein La protein in the invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells.Methods RNAi technology was used to silence the La protein in HeLa cell,a cell line of cervical cancer,and then screened by G418.Finally the stably expressed HeLa-shLa cell line was constructed and then wound healing,Transwell,Western blot and gelatin zymography assay were performed. Results After La protein HeLa was silenced by RNAi,the invasion and migration capabilities of HeLa cells were decreased significantly compared with those of the controls.Meanwhile,SiRNA-mediated depletion of La reduced the expression of MMP-2 and increased the expression of TIMP-2.Meanwhile the activity of MMP-2 was reduced too.Conclusion RNA-binding protein La promotes the invasion and migration of cervical cancer cells,which may be related to regulating its matrix metalloproteinases and inhibitors.

Schistosomiasis is a kind of zoonosis with serious hazard,which is popular in many countries and regions in the world. One of the efforts for schistosomiasis prevent and control is developing new drugs and vaccines,and knowing the tran?scription regulation mechanism and the function of transcription factors will help us find the targets of new drugs and vaccines as soon as possible. This article reviews the progress of Schistosoma transcription factors and research methods.

A nested case-control study was carried out to assess the effectiveness of Chinese medicines in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy, so as to explore the feasibility of using nested case-control study on effect assessment of Chinese medicine.

Abstract:Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is one of the most common liver diseases in the world. Long-term alcoholism causes a series of pathological changes in the liver, which eventually leads to the occurrence of liver diseases with an increasing incidence. At present, significant progress has been made in the pathogenesis and pathological development of alcoholic liver disease, but the relevant mechanism of ALD has not been thoroughly studied. It is necessary to improve the existing animal model or establish a new, more comprehensive animal ALD model to simulate human ALD. Experimental animal models of ALD, especially rodents, are often used to simulate human ALD, and the ideal rodent ALD model can effectively simulate all aspects of alcohol in human liver. But so far, the commonly used animal models all have certain defects, and there is no complete animal model that can simulate human ALD. This paper reviewed the pathogenesis of ALD, related methods and influencing factors of ALD model, and provided a theoretical basis for relevant researchers to establish the ALD rodent model. 

OBJECTIVETo observe the improvement of thyroid function and changes of Akt, p-Akt, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), and para-mTOR (p-mTOR) expression in Graves' disease (GD) mice after intervened by Jiakangning Capsule (JC), and to explore possible mechanism for JC in treating GD.

METHODSGD model was established by immunizing female BALB/c mice with thyroid stimulating hormone receptor A subunit (Ad-TSHRα-289). Totally 70 successfully modeled mice were divided into the model group (n =20), the JC intervened group (n =25), the Methimazole Tablet intervened group (n =25) according to random digit table. A normal control group (n =15) and a vehicle control group (n =20, injected with Ad-null) were also set up. Mice in the JC intervened group were administered with JC suspension at the daily dose of 1. 5 g/kg by gastrogavag. Mice in the Methimazole intervened group were administered with Methimazole suspension at the daily dose of 2. 5 g/kg by gastrogavage. Equal volume of normal saline was administered to mice in the rest 3 groups by gastrogavage. All intervention lasted for 5 weeks. Six mice were selected from each group to observe pathological changes of thyroid tissues. Serum levels of thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), and thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) were analyzed by radioimmunoassay. Expression levels of Akt, p-Akt, mTOR, and p-mTOR in thyroid tissues were etermined by Western blot.

RESULTS(1) The thyroid gland in the GD model group showed proliferative changes, with enlarged follicles of various sizes. Interstitial stroma was filled with blood vessels. Structures of thyroid tissues in the JC intervened group and the Methimazole intervened group were significantly restored, and follicular hyperplasia was relieved. (2) Compared with the normal control group and the vehicle control group, levels of TRAb, T4, and T3 increased; ratios of P-Akt/β-actin, p-Akt/Akt, p-mTOR/β-actin, and p-mTOR/mTOR also increased in the model group (all P <0. 01). Compared with the model group, levels of TRAb, T4, and T3 decreased in the JC intervened group and the Methimazole intervened group (P <0. 01); ratios of p-mTOR/β-actin and pmTOR/mTOR decreased in the JC intervened group (P <0.01); ratios of P-Akt/β-actin, p-Akt/Akt, p-mTOR/β-actin, and p-mTOR/mTOR decreased in the Methimazole intervened group (P <0. 05, P <0. 01). Conclusion JC could reduce thyroid hormonc levels of GD mice and lower expression levels of mTOR, and its mechanism for improving thyroid function of GD mice might be associated with this influence.

Actins ; Animals ; Capsules ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Graves Disease ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Methimazole ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Receptors, Thyrotropin ; Signal Transduction ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Thyrotropin ; Thyroxine ; Triiodothyronine

Objective To investigate the effects of recombinant human fibronectin fragment (RetroNectin) combined with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody (CD3Ab) on the proliferation and cytotoxicity of cytokine-induced killer cells (CIK) from acute leukemia (AL). Methods Mononuclear cells (MNCs) were isolated from peripheral blood of complete remission AL pa-tients. The MNCs were cultured in vitro by precoating with RetroNectin (RN group), CD3Ab (CD3Ab group), RetroNectin com-bined with CD3Ab (RN+CD3Ab group) and traditional method (control group) to generate CIK. The changes of growth rate, characterization, cytotoxicity and apoptosis of CIK were determined between groups. Results The amplification of CIK was higher in experimental group than that of control group, and the amplification of CIK was higher in group RN+CD3Ab than that of in group RN and group CD3Ab (P＜0.05). The expression of CD25 positive cells was higher in group RN and group RN+CD3Ab than that of group CD3Ab and control group (P＜0.05).The percentage of G1 stage cells was lower in group RN and group RN+CD3Ab than that of group CD3Ab and control group. The percentage of S stage cells was higher in group RN and group RN+CD3Ab than that of group CD3Ab and control group (P＜0.05). The cytotoxicity was higher in group RN and group RN+CD3Ab than that of group CD3Ab and control group (P＜0.05) at the E/T scope 40∶1.The percentage of apoptotic cells was lower in group RN and group RN+CD3Ab than that of group CD3Ab and control group (P ＜ 0.05). Conclusion These in vitro studies suggest that a higher activity of immune cells could be obtained by CIK cells cultured by precoating Ret-roNectin and CD3Ab.

The structural principles and technical performances of different ionization chamber dosimeters used in radiotherapy have been briefly introduced in this paper. In the mean time, a comparison of technical performances of four different kinds of ionization chamber dosimeter used in hospitals in China has also been made. The data show their quality meet the required specification specified by IEC731 and JJG912-96, so they can be used as field survey dosimeters in hospitals. Some precautions in using these dosimeters are given here too.
Equipment Design ; Radiometry ; classification ; instrumentation ; methods ; Radiotherapy ; instrumentation ; Radiotherapy Dosage

OBJECTIVETo investigate the reconstruction of acquired orbital deformities.

METHODSThrough coronal incisions, subciliary incisions and buccal sulcus incisions, or periorbital wound, the displaced orbital walls were repositioned after osteotomy. And the mandibular outer cortex was used to repair the bone defect, so as to restore the orital integrity.

RESULTSFrom Sept. 2002 to Jun. 2006, 64 patients with acquired orbital deformities were treated. The integrity of orbit and eyeball location recovered very well.

CONCLUSIONSRestoration of the orbital integrity is the key to the treatment of acquired orbital deformities. The periorbital deformities should be corrected after osteotomy with mandibular outer cortex for bone defect.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Orbit ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Young Adult