Objective To observe the effects of Jieyu-Chufan capsule(JCC) on the behavior and the monoamine neurotransmitter content of cerebral in depression mouse model and explore its mechanism. Methods The ICR male mouse were randomly divided into seven groups according to their weights(the model group, the low, middle and high doses group, Baiyoujie group, the amitriptyline group, the normal control group). The low, middle and high doses group were given JCC with 1.250, 2.500, 5.000 g/kg separately by intragastric administration. Baiyoujie group was given 0.014 g/kg Baiyoujie by gavage. The amitriptyline group was given 0.050 g/kg amitriptyline by gavage. The model group and the normal control group received the same volume of distilled water intragastrically. The drugs were administrated once a day. The brepharoptosis and movement conditions of mouse were observed after 22 days. The monoamine neurotransmitter content of each group was measured after 25 days. Results Compared to the model group, the number of mouse with brepharoptosis decreased in the high dose group after 1, 2, 6 hour with reserpine injection (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the number of mouse came out from the circle increased after 4 hours with reserpine injection (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the content of NA (880.45 ± 428.81 ng/g, 875.98 ± 449.33 ng/g vs. 299.92 ± 267.08 ng/g) and DA (2 305.99 ± 530.37 ng/g, 2 169.99 ± 278.19 ng/g vs. 1 439.34 ± 357.33 ng/g) in the middle and high dose group increased (P<0.01);the content of 5-HT (781.43 ± 135.10 ng/g vs. 492.01 ± 192.80 ng/g) in the middle group increased (P<0.01). Conclusions JCC showed an antidepression influence in depression mouse model induced by reserpine. The mechanism may be related to regulating the level of monoamine neurotransmitter in the nervous centralis .

Objective To evaluate the effect of snoring on facial growth in children and the changes after surgery.Methods Observations on facial growth were taken by X-ray 1.5-2 years before and after surgery on 40 children snorers aged between 2-5 years old,whose tonsils and(or)adenoids were completely removed.The data collected before surgery in the 2-3 years old snorers and in the 4-5 years old ones were compared with the data from healthy children at the same age respectively.Results The comparison of data between 21 children snorers aged from 2-3 and 17 healthy children of the same ages showed that there was no significant difference in the diameter of pharyngeal cavity at tongue base(PAS),the diameter of nasopharyngeal cavity(UPW-PNS) and the angle between andibular plane and frankfort horizontal plane(FH-MP)within 2-3 years group by statistically(P＞0.05).There is no significance in UPW-PNS and FH-MP angle within 4-5 years group by statistics(P＞0.05).Others results is significance in all groups(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).There was no significant difference in all groups expect Y-axis Angle 1.5-2 years after surgery(P＞0.05).Conclusions Abnormal facial growth was caused by the consistent force from the changed way of breathing due to the increasing uarrowness of upper airway obstruction and the long-existing obstructive sleep.Surgery done as soon as possible is helpful to reduce the force caused by the obstruction and helpful to the normal facial growth.

OBJECTIVETo analyze clinical features of pediatric rhino-source diseases for reducing missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis.

METHODData of 3588 children with rhino-source diseases seen from April 2005 to May 2006 were retrospectively analyzed in this study in order to disclose the relationship of etiological factor, clinical features and diagnosis.

RESULTAmong all these cases, 2090 complained of nasal discomfort including nasal obstruction, discharge, rhinalgia and epistaxis. However 1498 cases (41.76%) did not, of whom 470 cases had snoring and apnea, 332 cases of otalgia and otorrhea, 145 cases had chronic cough, 138 had headache and 92 had lower respiratory infection.

CONCLUSIONA high percentage of children who suffered from pediatric rhino-source disease did not develop nasal symptoms. Pediatric rhino-source disease should be considered for patients in whom the therapeutic effect is unexpectedly poor.

Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Nose Diseases ; complications ; diagnosis ; Retrospective Studies

Background Corneal neovascularization ( CNV ) is a complication of many ocular surface diseases.It often worsen the pathological course.Effective therapy for CNV is still researching. Objective This study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of irradiation on CNV. Methods CNV models were established in 70 right eyes of 70 clean Wistar rats by corneal alkali burning.The models were randomized into β ray 10 Gy once irradiation group( 2 eyes),β ray 7 Gy multiple irradiation group( 17 eyes),β ray 10 Gy multiple irradiation group( 17 eyes),1％ cyclosporin A ( CsA ) eye drops group ( 17 eyes) and model group ( 17 eyes),and 6 matched normal rats were used as normal controls.All treatments started from the first day of the corneal alkali burning.CNV length and area were measured under the slit lamp every day.Corneal samples and homogenate were prepared 3,5,7 days after corneal alkali burning.The expressions of bcl-2,bax,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) in rat corneas were detected by immunochemistry,VEGF proteins and VEGF mRNA were detected by Western blot and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),respectively. Results Corneal ulceration was found in the βray 10 Gy once irradiation group and β ray 10 Gy multiple irradiation group.CNV length and area were much less in the β ray 7 Gy multiple irradiation group and 1％ CsA eye drops group compared with the model group on the seventh day after experiment( length:q=14.40,24.20,P＜0.01 ;area:q=17.80,14.00,P＜0.01 ).Immunochemistry revealed that compared with the model group,expressions of bcl-2 and VEGF proteins were weaker,but the expression of bax protein was stronger in the β ray 7 Gy multiple irradiation group and 1％ CsA eye drops group.RT-PCR showed that the expression of VEGF mRNA in cornea was lower in the β ray 10 Gy multiple irradiation group,β ray 7 Gy multiple irradiation group and 1％ CsA eye drops group in comparison with that in model group,and the results from Western blot showed the same pattern as RT-PCR. Conclusions Low dose irradiation of 90Sr-90Y ophthalmic applicator inhibits CNV formation after alkali burn.The study provide a new understanding of the irradiation for the treatment of CNV.

Objective To disclose the etiological factors and to investigate the therapeutical effect on nasal disorders in 128 children with intractable cough. Methods One hundred and twenty-eight children with intractable cough were consulted by ENT doctors using electronic nasopharyngoscope, for those children with nasal diseases, relevant treatment was given. Results Among 128 children, one hundred and sixteen had nasal disorders. Upper airway cough syndrome (UACS) was diagnosed in 92 cases(71.9% ), nasal disorders without UACS was diagnosed in 24 cases(18.7%) ,no nasal disorders were found in 12 cases (9.4% ). Among children with UACS, allergic rhinitis was diagnosed in 76 cases, rhino-sinusitis in 39 cases,adenoid hypertrophy in 54 cases, and chronic rhinitis in 8 cases. However, for those children without UACS, 10 cases had chronic rhinitis and 14 cases had allergic rhinitis. Clinical symptoms, signs and the findings of electronic nasopharyngescope were analyzed in 92 children with UACS. The results showed that regular cough occurred in 62 cases, nasal disease in 65 cases, subjective feeling of postnasal discharge in 18 cases, mouse breathing or snoring in 32 cases, purulent secretion in nasal meatus in 61 cases,retropharyngeal folliculosis in 58 cases, purulent secretion in pharynges detected from pharynx in 41 cases,and purulent or viscosity secretion were found in 91 cases by first electronic nasopharyngoscopy. After 14 days of treatment, the children with UACS (90/92) had significant higher remission rate (χ~2=32.21 ,P=0.000) in cough than those who had nasal disorders but without UACS (13/24). Conclusions The nasal disorders, especially for UACS, were common in children with intractable cough. The therapy to nasal disorders could release the chronic cough symptoms in children with intractable cough.

Objective To investigate the risk factors of related disorders,which could lead to potential otitis media by observing the abnormal configuration of drum and abnormal acoustic immittance without symptoms in preschool children. Methods Eighty-one cases (162 ears) received flexible pharyngorhinoscopy,skin prick test,CT examination of sinus,and were diagnosed as allergic rhinitis,chronic sinusitis,adenoid hypertrophy.They had no complaints of ear related symptoms,but were observed to have abnormality in ear drum by physical examined.Acoustic immittance measurement were performed,so as to estimate whether they were accompany with potential otitis media.The changes of examination and tests were analyzed before and after the treatment.Results There were 15 cases(29 ears) with abnormal acoustic admittance among 81 cases( 162 ears) who had no ear related symptoms but had different degree abnormality in ear drum.The morbidity rate of these 15 patients was 13.6％ (6/44 ears) in allergic rhinitis patients,18.2％ (12/66 ears) in chronic sinusitis patients,and 21.2％ (11/52 ears) in adenoid hypertrophy patients,respectively.The differences among the three diseases had statistical significance ( x2 =63.02,P ＜ 0.05 ).Among 29 ears,28 ears whose type of tympanic pressure curve were transfered from type C to type A two weeks after treatment.One ear whose type of tympanic pressure curve transferred from type B to type C four weeks after treatment.All cases had been followed up with no recurrent cases.Conclusions Some preschool children with nasal and nasopharyngeal disorders had abnormal configuration of drum and abnormal acoustic immittance,and had potential risk for otitis media.Among the disorders,adenoid hypertrophy impact more on middle ear function.The early intervention of related diseases could prevent the developing trend of otitis media.

OBJECTIVETo compare mini-probe endoscopic ultrasonography (MCUS) with computed tomography (CT) in preoperative T and N staging of esophageal cancer, and to find out the MCUS parameters to judge lymph node metastasis for esophageal cancer.

METHODSThirty-five patients received both MCUS and CT preoperatively, on both of which the T and N stages were determined. The accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predicting value and negative predicting value were compared with the postoperative pathological results.

RESULTSThe accuracy of MCUS was 85.7% in T staging and 85.7% and 80.0% in N staging by the two different methods, which were 45.7% and 74.3%, respectively, by CT.

CONCLUSIONMCUS is better than CT in preoperative staging for esophageal cancer. The ratio of short to long axis (S/L) combined with short axis is a useful way to determine lymph node metastasis.

Adult ; Aged ; Double-Blind Method ; Endosonography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Esophagus ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; methods ; Preoperative Care ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

To identify Salvia shandongensis and its relatives at molecular level, the psbA-trnH intergenic region of three species including Salvia shandongensis, Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba were amplified and sequenced. Sequences were assembled with CodonCode Aligner. The K2P genetic distances between Salvia shandongensis and its relatives were calculated and UPGMA tree was performed by MEGA5.0. The results indicated that the lengths of psbA-trnH regions of Salvia shandongensis were about 391 bp, while the lengths of psbA-trnH regions of Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba were about 386 bp. The psbA-trnH sequences showed considerable variations between species and thus were revealed as a promising candidate for barcoding of Salvia shandongensis and its relatives. The intra-specific genetic distances of Salvia shandongensis were 0, while the intra-specific genetic distances of Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba were 0.002 and 0.001 respectively. Additionally, the genetic distance of Salvia shandongensis and Salvia miltiorrhiza ranged from 0.034 to 0.04, and the genetic distance of Salvia shandongensis and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba ranged from 0.005 to 0.008, the intra-specific genetic distances of Salvia shandongensis were much smaller than that of Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba; clustering results showed that there were obvious differences between Salvia shandongensis, Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba, which was consistent with morphological characteristics. This study not only firstly provides the scientific basis for establishing the taxonomy position in molecular level and revealing their genetic relationships of S. shandongensis, S. miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba; but also provides DNA molecular identification scientific basis for the development of new medicinal plant resources of Salvia shandongensis. Our results suggest that the psbA-trnH intergenic spacer region can be used as a barcoding to identify Salvia shandongensis, Salvia miltiorrhiza and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba.
Base Sequence ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; DNA, Intergenic ; genetics ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; Genetic Variation ; Phylogeny ; Plants, Medicinal ; classification ; genetics ; Plastids ; genetics ; Salvia ; classification ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Species Specificity

Humans ; Male ; RNA ; analysis ; Telomerase ; genetics ; Testicular Neoplasms ; genetics

BACKGROUNDMultidrug resistance to chemotherapeutic agents is an important clinical problem during the treatment of leukemia. The resistance process is multifactorial. To realize the total factors involved in multidrug resistance, we analyzed the differentially expressed proteins of K562 and K562/ADM cells and we investigated one of the up-regulated proteins (CRKL) using siRNA to determine its role in K562/ADM cells.

METHODSAltered protein expressions between K562/S (K562 ADM-sensitive cell line) and K562/ADM (K562 multidrug resistant cell line induced by adriamycin) were identified by 2D-DIGE coupled with mass spectrometry. Meanwhile, we confirmed the differential expression of CRKL and Stathmin in both K562 and K562/ADM cells by Western blot analysis. Furthermore, we used RNA interference to silence the CRKL gene expression.

RESULTSAmong the 9 differentially expressed proteins, 3 were up-regulated in K562/ADM cells, while 6 were down-regulated in the K562/ADM cells compared with its parent cell line. The expression of CRKL was up-regulated significantly in K562/ADM cells, and it can be decreased by recombinant lentivirus. Moreover, the multidrug resistance of K562/ADM cells was efficiently reversed by silence of CRKL gene expression.

CONCLUSIONSThe data provided the differentially expressed proteins in K562 and its resistant cell line and highlights the power of 2D-DIGE for the discovery of resistance markers in cancer. We found CRKL may be a new protein involved in the multidrug resistance of leukaemia cells.

Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing ; analysis ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Doxorubicin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; chemistry ; drug effects ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neoplasm Proteins ; analysis ; Nuclear Proteins ; analysis ; antagonists & inhibitors ; genetics ; Proteomics ; Stathmin ; analysis