Using isoeugenol as the sole carbon source,a novel strain,producing high amounts of vanillin from isoeugenol,was isolated from soil.According to the physiological and biochemical characteristics and its 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis,it was identified as Bacillus fusiformis.The initial results showed that 4.20 g/L vanillin was obtained by bioconversion of 2% isoeugenol with Bacillus fusiformis.

Purpose　To evaluate the effects of ambroxol on prevention of premature babies with hyaline membrane disease(HMD) with prenatal corticosteroids.　Methods　Premature neonates gestational age 26-36 weeks were divided into two groups,receiving:(1) Ambroxol 30 mg/kg through umbilical vein at birth(group A,n=28) and (2) a control group not given ambroxol (group B,n=35).All the babies were exposed prenatally corticosteroids.　Results　(1) Occurrence rate of HMD in group A was 0%,group B was 11.4%,there was significant difference (P<0.05).(2) Mean fetal age of group A was 32.47+/-4.5 pregnant weeks,group B is 32.86+/-7.1 weeks.No significant difference existed.(3) Different fetal age in gruop B,such as pregnant weeks≤32,33-34,35-36,the HMD rate was separately 28.7%,15.38% and 0%,no case was found in group A.(4) There cases of 12 neonatal asphyxia happened in group B,but none of 6 in group A.　Conclusions　Definite effect can be received by applying ambroxol to prevent premature infant HMD after delivery on the bases of adenotropin before delivery.

Objective To realize the optimization of image quality and radiation dose by correcting mammography automatic exposure,according to automatic exposure controlled mode of mammography film-screen system . Methods The film-screen system(28 kV) was applied to perform automatic exposure of plexiglass(40 mm) and get the standard dose of exposure, the exposure mode of CR base on LgM =2.0 was rectified, which was divided into 10 steps. Mammary glands pattern(Fluke NA18-220) were examined with CR( 26,28, and 30 kV ) by the automatic exposure mode corrected. The exposure values(mAs) were recorded. CR image was diagnosed and evaluated in double blind way by 4 radiologists according to American Collage of Radiology(ACR) standard. Results Based on the standard of CR automatic exposure with the dose higher than the traditional exposure of film-screen system, the calibration of mammography automatic exposure was accomplished. The test results of the calibrated mode was better than the scoring system of ACR. Conclusions Comparative study showed improvement in acquiring high-quality image and reduction of radiation dose. The corrected mammography automatic exposure mode might be a better method for clinical use.

Objective To investigate the association between polymorphism of HLA-DRB1 allele and systemic sclerosis (SSc) and scleroderma-associated renal damage in Han Chinese of Henan Province.Methods Eighty-one SSc patients and 90 normal controls were recruited in this study,among them 59 patients had renal damage (SRD).The genotyping was carried out by nest PCR-SBT and gene clone.Comparisons between groups were performed with x2 test or exact probabilities.Multivariable Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between prevalence of SSc or SRD and the possible relevant alleles.Results Thirty-three HLA-DRB1 alleles were discovered from the specimens,including 27 in SSc specimens,and 22 in SRD.Among them,the allele frequencies of HLA-DRB1 * 040501 (8.64％), * 110101 (11.11％), * 150201(8.02％) were higher in SSc patients than those of the controls (1.67％,4.44％,2.22％ respectively).After adjusted for other factors,HLA-DRBl * 040501 (P=0.010,OR =5.839,95％CI:1.518-22.460)、* 110101(P=0.019,OR=3.060,95％CI:1.204-7.772)、* 150201(P=0.010,OR=4.780,95％CI:1.444-15.821 )were identified as independent risk factors for SSc.And the allele frequencies of HLA-DRB1*040501 (9.32％),* 150201 (7.63％) were higher in SRD patients than those of the controls (1.67％,2.22％ respectively).After adjusted for other factors,HLA-DRB1 * 040501 (P=0.008,OR=6.363,95％CI:1.614-25.087) and * 150201 (P=0.030,OR =4.043,95 ％CI:1.147-14.243 ) were identified as independent risk factors for SRD.Conclusion Our data suggest that HLA-DRB1 * 040501,* 110101,* 150201 may be susceptible genes for SSc and the HLA-DRB1 * 040501,* 150201 may be susceptible genes for SRD in Han Chinese of Henan Province.

Objective To evaluate the effects of comprehensive schistosomiasis control in marshlands of Pukou District Nanjing City so as to provide the evidence for developing the strategy of the disease control. Methods The information of the prevention and control of schistosomiasis was collected in Pukou District from 2004 to 2013. The variations of the infection rates of human livestock and Oncomelania hupensis snails were analyzed. Results In 2013 the area with snails in the entire dis-trict was 384.09 hm2 which was 66.24%decrease compared to 1 137.61 hm2 in 2004. Moreover after 2008 no infected-snails and schistosomiasis patients were found and both the density of live snails and serum positive rate of schistosomiasis declined with years. Conclusions After the comprehensive prevention and control is conducted the schistosomiasis situation in Pukou District is stable. However in order to consolidate the results it is still essential to continue monitoring the previous infected snail environments and implementing the comprehensive prevention and control measures.

Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; drug therapy ; Probiotics ; therapeutic use

Objective To study the attentional deployment strategy of emotion regulation and its processing mechanisms in alexithymia.Methods 21 alexithymia subjects and 22 normal subjects completed attentional deployment task.The reaction time(RT) and accuracy were recorded automatically and the event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded by neuroscan system.Results ①From the behavioral results,the differences of RT and accuracy to neutral pictures ((1840.17±204.44) ms vs (1845.17±252.97) ms;(0.859±0.073) vs (0.884±0.068)) and negative pictures ((1888.94±200.09) ms vs(1890.38±263.72) ms);(0.845±0.088) vs (0.845±0.091)) in calculation task between two groups were not statistically significant(all P＞0.05).The differences of RT and accuracy in emotion task were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).②In RT and accuracy,the task main effects were statistically significant(F(1,42) =637.40,P＜0.01;F(1,42)=15.00,P＜0.01),the emotion main effects were statistically significant (F(1,42)=30.23,P＜0.001;F(i,42)=47.87,P＜0.01),the interaction effects of task and emotion were statistically significant(F(2,41) =5.20,P＜0.05;F(2,41)=6.01,P＜0.05).③The differences between two groups in P3 amplitude induced by neutral pictures and negative pictures in calculation task were not statistically significant(P＞0.05).P3 amplitude induced by negative pictures were siguificantly greater than those induced by neutral pictures in emotion task((-0.138±0.463) μV vs (0.789±0.541) μV).Conclusion The attentional deployment can effectively regulate the negative pictures processing and occur in the late stage of the picture processing.No attentional deployment defects in alexithymia.

Thirty SHRs were obtained randomly to hypertension, model group, captopril group and Qingre jiangya capsule group. Ten Wistar rats were used as control group. The hippocampus tissue was removed to explore the damage of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and the protective effect of Qingre jiangya capsule after continuously administered for 14 days. And then the data were processed by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The research results revealed captopril group was significantly different from the other three groups. The classification of other three groups is also very clear after captopril group removed. This suggested that Qingre jiangya capsule could improve the overall metabolism compared with captopril. Four metabolites were identified: dimethylglycine, glycerophosphocholine, aldosterone and noradrenaline. Hypertension hippocampus damage may mainly be expressed in tyrosine metabolism, aldosterone-regulated sodium, vascular smooth muscle contraction reabsorption, and Qingre jiangya capsule could reverse the hippocampus tissue damage of SHR.
Animals ; Capsules ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences in the therapeutic effect on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) between acupuncture at Tianshu (ST 25) and Dachangshu (BL 25) and western medication with Trimebutine Maleate.

METHODSForty cases were divided randomly into an acupuncture group and a western medication group, 20 cases in each one. In acupuncture group, acupuncture was applied to Tianshu (ST 25) and Dachangshu (BL 25). Ziwu Daojiu needling technique was adopted, once daily. In western medication group, Trimebutine Maleate capsule was administered, 2 capsules in each time, 3 times per day. The assessment on the therapeutic effect was performed in 4 weeks of treatment in two groups.

RESULTSAs compared with those before treatment, the time of abdominal pain, the frequency of abdominal pain, the morbidity of abnormal stool appearance, the morbidity of defecation abnormality, the morbidity of mucus stool and the score of bloating or abdominal pain on bowel movement were all reduced after treatment in two groups (all P < 0.01). The results in acupuncture group were much more significant than those in western medication group (the total score: 16.70 +/- 2.40 vs 15.70 +/- 3.01, P < 0.01). The total effective rate in acupuncture group was 95.0% (19/20), which was superior to that of 70.0% (14/20) in western medication group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at Tianshu (ST 25) and Dachangshu (BL 25) may remarkably relieve the clinical symptoms of IBS and its efficacy is superior to that of oral medication with Trimebutine Maleate.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Trimebutine ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) belong to pattern recognition receptors, which perform significant roles in antiviral responses. RLRs can initiate a cascade of signaling transduction that induces the production of type I interferon and activates the interferon signaling pathway, ultimately resulting in antiviral responses. In the course of evolution, viruses have been constantly counteracting host immune systems to facilitate their own survival and replication, and have developed a set of antagonistic strategies. These mainly comprise elusion, disguise and attack strategies to eliminate the activation of RLRs. In virus-infected cells, RLRs recognize viral RNA and then induce antiviral responses. A better understanding of viral antagonistic strategies against RLRs will provide insights into the development of new antiviral medicines. This mini-review concludes that there are three main antagonistic strategies by which RNA viruses can counteract the activation of the RLRs pathway. It aims to provide references and insights for similar studies on viral antagonism in an array of RNA viruses.
DEAD Box Protein 58 ; DEAD-box RNA Helicases ; genetics ; immunology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions ; Humans ; RNA Viruses ; genetics ; immunology ; physiology ; RNA, Double-Stranded ; genetics ; immunology ; RNA, Viral ; genetics ; immunology ; Virus Diseases ; genetics ; immunology ; virology