Animals ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Hydroxylamine ; toxicity ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spermatozoa ; drug effects ; Testis ; cytology ; drug effects

In this paper 3 different media (A,for yeast cultivation ; B, for laccase producing; D, for white rot fungi cultivation) were compared in enriching and screening decolorizing fungi culture using Reactive Black 5 (RB5) and Reactive Red (M-3BE) from the following three points: decolorization effects, abilities of producing enzymes and diversity of microbial community. 11 groups of fungi with obvious decolorization effects were obtained after enrichment for near one month. Among them, 6 groups came from medium D, the other two 3 groups from medium A and B, respectively. However, the 3 groups from medium A exhibited the highest microbial diversity and best decolorization results with 99.53% and 97.42% color removal rate of Reactive Red M-3BE and Acid Red. From them, 16 strains of fungi were isolated and primarily identified as Saprolegniaceae, Eurotiaceae (Monascus went), Erysiphaceae and Physodermataceae. Fungi groups from medium B and D exhibited a bit lower color removal rate of various dyes and only 3 and 2 isolates primarily classified as Saccharomycetaceae and Eurotiaceae (Penicillium) were obtained from them. Fungi cultures in medium A and B could produce lignin peroxidase, and those in medium D could be detected higher activity of laccase. All the fungal cultures exhibited very weak activity of manganese dependant peroxidase.

OBJECTIVEThe present study investigated the effects of rapamycin on Aβ1-42-induced deficits in working memory and synaptic plasticity.

METHODSAfter bilateral hippocampal injection of Aβ1-42 and rapamycinin rats, spontaneous alternation in Y-maze and in vivo hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) of rats were recorded. All data were analized by two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA).

RESULTS(Hippocampal injection of Aβ1-42 alone impaired working memory of rats; (2) Rapamycin did not affect working memory of rats, but alleviated Aβ1-42-induced working memory deficits, compared with Aβ1-42 alone group; (Aβ1-42 remarkably suppressed in vivo hippocampal LTP of fEPSPs in the CA1 region; (4) Pretreatment with rapamycin prevented Aβ1-42-induced suppression of LTP.

CONCLUSIONThese data indicates that rapamycin could protect against Aβ1-42-induced impairments in working memory and synaptic plasticity in rats.

Amyloid beta-Peptides ; adverse effects ; Animals ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; Long-Term Potentiation ; Maze Learning ; Memory, Short-Term ; drug effects ; Neuronal Plasticity ; drug effects ; Peptide Fragments ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Sirolimus ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore the clinical effects of Mobi-C cervical artificial disc replacement (CADR) and anterior cervical decompression and fusion (ACDF) in treating single cervical disc herniation.

METHODSFrom June 2009 to June 2012, the clinical data of 27 patients with single cervical disc herniation were retrospectively analyzed. There were 18 males and 9 females, aged from 30 to 62 years old with an average of 46.7 years. Of them, 12 patients were treated with CADR (CADR group) and 15 patients with ACDF (ACDF group). All patients had pain and numbness in neck, shoulder and upper limbs, and courses of disease was from 1 to 13 months with an average of 2.4 months. The data of clinical evaluation and questionnaire survey about quality of life were collected before operation, postoperative at 1 week and final follow-up. Odom criterion was used to evaluate postoperative effect. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to record pain levels. Neck disability index (NDI) and health questionnaire SF-36 were used to assess the quality of life.

RESULTSNo complications about nerve and blood vessel were found and the patients were followed up from 6 to 30 months, with an average of 16 months. One week after operation, 10 cases got excellent results and 2 good in CADR group; 5 cases got excellent results and 10 good in ACDF group; there was significant difference between two groups (P<0.05). At final follow-up, 10 cases got excellent results and 2 good in CADR group; 12 cases got excellent results and 3 good in ACDF group; there was no significant difference between two groups (P> 0.05). Pain of upper limbs had obviously relieved between two groups at 1 week after operation and final follow-up (P<0.05). VAS of neck and NDI in CADR group had decreased respectively from preoperative 3.58±0.79, 23.42±6.36 to 0.58±0.51, 5.42±1.68 at 1 week after operation (P<0.05); but the index in ACDF group was no obvious at 1 week after operation. At final follow-up, VAS of neck and NDI and SF-36 score were obviously improved than preoperation (P<0.05) between two groups.

CONCLUSIONMobi-C CADR retains the movement unit in the decompression segment and can quickly recover normal action for patients. Using CADR method has a good curative effect in the early phase, and the clinical effect is reliable, may improve the quality of life.

Adult ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Total Disc Replacement ; methods ; Visual Analog Scale

· AlM: To observe the characteristic of choroidal circulation in diabetics and investigate its changes as well as the relationship between it and the development and progression of diabetic retinopathy ( DR) .
·METHODS:All 45 diabetics were divided into 3 groups:no diabetic retinopathy ( NDR), nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy ( NPDR ) , proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR);and 20 health people were selected to be control group.All subjects were examined by FFA and indocyaine green angiography ( lCGA ) ( Heidelberg retina tomography, Germany ) at the same time. The characteristics of angiograph results were comparatively observed and the feature of diabetic choroidapathy were analyzed.
· RESULTS: ( 1 ) There were no significant differences between DR groups and control group in the central retinal artery ( CRA ) filling time.There were significant decreases of the choroidal artery filling time in DR groups, compared to the control group (P<0.05).(2) ln all DR groups, the more serious DR, the bigger proportion of reverse filling.( 3 ) With more serious DR, the ratio increased gradually in early phase of choroidal filling deficiency angiograph and in the late phase of spot hyperfluorescence.
·CONCLUSlON:lCGA may be a useful adjunct to FFA in the evaluation of choroidal vascular changes in DR.The research provides that the diabetic choroidal circulation was abnormal before the occurrence of DR, which fully proved the presence of diabetic choroidopathy.

Objective To explore the prognostic value of modified Glasgow prognostic score (mGPS) and risk factors in predicting overall survival (OS) in the castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) treated with docetaxel-based chemotherapy.Methods We retrospectively analyzed the data of 48 consecutive Chinese patients with CRPC received docetaxel-based chemotherapy in our institution from January 2008 to January 2012.Patients were divided into three groups according to the mGPS:0,1 and 2 score groups,and compare the OS among the three groups.Variables that were influenced the efficacy of chemotherapy were included in the univariate analysis and multivariate model.Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier curves,and the differences in overall survival rates were assessed using the Logrank test.Results The follow-up was performed until April 2014.There were 48 CRPC patients including mGPS 0 score group 30 cases,mGPS 1 score group 11 cases and mGPS 2 score 7 cases.The median OS was 22,11,9 months,respectively,P＜0.01.Univariate analysis showed that:prechemotherapy baseline total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA),Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score,the number of chemotherapy cycle,visceral metastasis and PSA response were associated with poor prognosis (P＜0.05).Multivariate analysis showed that:prechemotherapy mGPS 1-2 score,baseline tPSA＞60 μg/L,the number of cycles of chemotherapy≤5,with visceral metastasis and PSA response in patients with CRPC were independent risk factors for prognosis in the CRPC treated with docetaxel-based chemotherapy.Conclusion mGPS is an independent risk factor for prognosis in the CRPC patients treated with docetaxel-based chemotherapy.

Objective To investigate the feature of diabetic foot ulcer and the relative mechanism, and to analyze its predilection site. Methods The precipitating factors and the areas of ulcer were analyzed in 121 diabetic patients with foot ulcer. The peripheral neuropathy was diagnosed by measuring the skin sensation, tendon reflex, electromyogram or vibration perception threshold (VPT). The diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) was evaluated by positive symptoms, ultrasound or magnetic resonance angiography. According to morbid changes, the patients were divided into neuropathic ulcer group (n = 33), ischemic ulcer group (n = 27), and mixed type ulcer group (n = 61). Results The ulcers of 97 cases (80. 2%) were distributed in digital pedis and plantar pedis. In neurogenic ulcer group, there were 48.5% lesion at planta pedis, 30.3% at dorsum pedis, and 21.2% at digiti pedi. In ischemie ulcer group, there were 59.3% at digiti pedis, 29.6% at dorsum pedis, and 11.1% at planta pedis. In mixed type ulcer group, there were 49. 2% at digiti pedis, 41% at planta pedis, and 9.8% at dorsum pedis. The difference of ulcer distribution was apparent in these groups. Among these three groups, patients in mixed type ulcer group was the oldest, and had the longest duration of diabetes (P<0.05) and the largest area of ulcer at diagnosis. However, the BMI and blood pressure in isehemic ulcer group were higher than those of the other groups (P>0.05). Conclusions The difference of lesion basis affects the position of diabetic foot ulcer, and the thumbs and plantar pedis are the predilection area of diabetic foot.

BACKGROUND: The study aimed to investigate the therapeutic benefits of intravenous Xuebijing on acute kidney injury (AKI) in rats with paraquat intoxication. METHODS: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided equally into three groups:sham group (n=8), paraquat group (n=8) and Xuebijing-treated group (n=8) using a random number table. The rats were intraperitoneally injected with 50 mg/kg of paraquat. One hour after paraquat administration, the rats were treated intravenously with Xuebijing (8 mL/kg). At 12 hours after paraquat administration, serum was collected to evaluate kidney function, then the rats were sacrificed and kidney samples were immediately harvested. AKI scores were evaluated by renal histopathology and pro-inflammatory cytokines mRNA levels in kidney were assayed using real-time RT-PCR. RESULTS: Serum urea nitrogen, creatinine and AKI scores were significantly higher in the paraquat group, compared with the sham group (P<0.05, respectively). Moreover, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA levels were significantly higher in the paraquat group (P<0.01, respectively). However, intravenous Xuebijing significantly decreased serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, AKI scores and IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA levels, compared with the paraquat group (P<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: Intravenous Xuebijing attenuates AKI fol owing paraquat poisoning by suppressing inflammatory response.

Objective To determine the incidence and risk factors of iatrogenic retinal breaks in eyes undergoing pars plana vit- rectomy for idiopathic macular pucker.Design Retrospective case series.Participant 88 consecutive vitrectomies performed on eyes with idiopathic macular pucker.Method Consecutive vitrectomies performed on eyes with idiopathic macular pucker at Beijing Tongren Eye Center between 2002 and 2006 were retrospectively reviewed.Cases with iatrogenic retinal breaks were recorded and analyzed. Main Outcome Measure Number and location of retinal breaks,and anatomic outcome after surgical managements.Result A total of 88 consecutive vitrectomies were included in the study.Of the 88 eyes,8 eyes had 14 iatrogenic retinal breaks detected,with an aver- age incidence of 9.1%.Peripheral retinal breaks(8.0%)were more common than posterior retinal breaks(1.1%).All peripheral retinal breaks occurred around the selerotomy sites(100%)and the quadrant of predominant hand was involved most commonly(62%).Most of the breaks(88%)were detected during the surgery.All eyes with iatrogenic retinal breaks obtained anatomic retinal reattachment (100%).Conclusion Despite improvements in instrumentation and surgical techniques,iatrogenic retinal break continues to be an im- portant complication of pars plana vitrectomy in eyes with idiopathic macular pucker.This complication tends to occur more commonly at peripheral retina and is mainly selerotomy-related.

Objective To understand the psychological status of stroke patients during rehabilitation. Methods 58 stroke patients were detected with Symptom Checklist (SCL-90) after 2 weeks. Results All the patients presented various psychological problems with various degrees after 2 weeks. There was no difference in types and degrees of psychological problem between hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke patients (P>0.05). The scores of depression, anxiety, terror, forced and interpersonal sensitivity were higher in serious limb paralysis patients than in mild ones (P<0.01). Conclusion The incidence of psychological problem is really high in patients after stroke. The more serious limb paralysis is, the more serious psychological problem is.