Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Periodicals as Topic ; Translations

Objective A stable rat model of heat stroke was established to investigate heat stroke-induced changes of the intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) barrier permeability, and to investigate the mechanism by observing the changes of TJ protein (occludin) expression and TJ morphology. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into two groups(n = 10): heat stroke group and normal control group. Stable model of heat stroke was established. Anesthetized rats were exposed to 42 ℃ in a ventilated chamber for 50min, after heat exposure, the rats were placed in room temperature(26 ℃ ) for 2 h. Then the rats were sacrificed and samples were taken. The effect of heat stroke on intestinal epithelial barrier permeability was observed through changes of plasma FD4 and endotoxin concentration, cytokines concentration was detected as inflammatory indicators. The general and micro pathology was observed by light microscope (hematoxylin and eosin-staining, HE staining) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Occludin expression was investigated by Western bloting and immunochemistry. Results At 2 h after heat exposure, intestinal epithelial barrier permeability( FD4 and endotoxin concentration), and cytokines levels of heat stroke group were significantly higher than normal control group(P ＜ 0. 05 ). In morphology, by observing the light micrographs of HE jejunal tissue, the sloughing of epithelium off the basement membrane at the villus tips of the heat stroke group compared with the normal controlgroup. In many visual fields (VF)( ≥6VF/slice), this phenomenon was not universal. Under TEM, TJ of normal enterocytes was integrated with the compact zonal structure. At 2 h after heat exposure, TJ of heat stroke group was broken with widen intercellular space, and the density of TJ was decreased. In immunochemistry assay, the positive signal was distributed along the cell membrane in normal small intestinal tissue, while the signal was obviously decreased in heat stroke group.The results of Western bloting showed that occludin expresion of heat stroke group was significantly lower than normal control group(P ＜0.05). Conclusion Heat stroke decreased occludin expression, opened the intestinal epithelial TJ, which destroyed intestinal epithelial tight junction barrier, induced high intestinal epithelial barrier permeability, produced endotoxemia and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).

To observe the clinical efficacy of Artisan iris-clip intraocular lens ( lOL) implantation on cataract with a wide range of lens dislocation.
●METHODS: Twenty-four hospital patients (28 eyes) of cataract with lens subluxation by trauma (20 patients, 20 eyes) and Marfan's syndrome (4 patients, 8 eyes) during May 2007 to December 2011 were selected. All of them underwent phacoemulsification or an anterior vitrectomy and Artisan iris - clip lOL implantation at stage Ⅰ. Postoperative visual acuity, corneal endothelial cell count, intraocular lens position and postoperative complications were observed. Follow-up time was 6mo.
●RESULTS: Compared with the preoperative, postoperative best corrected visual acuity improved to varying degrees, visual acuity of 0. 1-0. 5 was in 20 eyes, 0. 5-1. 0 in 8 eyes. After followed up 1-6mo, no artificial lens shift, iris inflammation, iris atrophy and corneal decompensation and other complications were observed.
●CONCLUSlON: Cataract surgery with a wide range of lens dislocation is difficult, but as long as surgeons who have a wealth of clinical experience and superb skills, still can carry out phacoemulsification surgery or anterior vitrectomy and Artisan iris - clip lOL implantation and obtain a better outcome.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Cross Infection ; etiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; microbiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumoconiosis ; complications ; microbiology ; Retrospective Studies

Objective Adenosine receptor agonist NECA has a certain myocardial protection, but the specific mechanism is not clear.This paper aimed to study the effect and mechanism of NECA inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress to against myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury in rats.Methods 56 Wistar rats of SPF grade were selected and divided into Sham group, I/R group, NECA group and TUDCA group through random number table method.We established the isolated rat heart ischemia reperfusion model by using the Langendorff device.Sham group: heart threaded but not ligated, Kerb-Henseleit buffer continuous infusion 170min;I/R group: heart stability 20min, ischemia 30min, reperfusion 2h;NECA group and TUDCA group: heart stability 20min, ischemia 30min, reperfusion 2h, perfusion solutions containing 0.1μmol/L NECA and 30μmol/L TUDCA were respectively given at 5min before reperfusion, and ended at 30min after reperfusion.Transmission electron microscope was used to evaluate alterations of the myocardial ultrastructures.Western blot analysis was used to detected the expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum stress IREl-XBPl signaling pathway marker protein IRE1α, XBP1s.Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of IRE1α.Results The results of transmission electron microscopy showed that most of the myofilament ruptured, sarcomere contracture deformation, visible mitochondrial vacuoles degeneration in I/R group, and injury in NECA group and TUDCA group were less than the I/R group, appeared as the filaments arranged more neat, sarcoma only had mild contracture.Immunohistochemical results showed that IRE1αpositive staining was not found in the sham group, and the area of positive staining of IRE1α in I/R group was significantly increased, while the NECA group and TUDCA group were significantly decreased.Compared to the Sham group, the expression level of IRE1α and XBP1s was significantly increased in I/R group(P<0.05);but compared with the expression level of IREα and XBP1s in I/R group(1.72±0.27, 0.97±0.19), the NECA group(1.14±0.16, 0.6±0.13) and the TUDCA(1.07±0.27, 0.58±0.15) group were significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion NECA can reduce endoplasmic reticulum stress through inhibiting IREl-XBPl pathway to protect the myocardium.

Objective To explore the influence of helicobacter pylori(Hp) on gastric motor function in children with chronic gastrictis.Methods Forty-seven children with chronic gastrictis were classified into Hp positive and negative groups according to Hp and histology exa-mination.Each child underwent gastric emptying test of solid by using nuclide method and electrogastrogram(EGG) examination.These cases with Hp-positive acceptted these triple eradication therapy[clarithromycin 15 mg/(kg?d),amoxicillin 50 mg/(kg?d),omeprazole 0.8 mg/(kg?d)]for 2 weeks,and underwent EGG examination again after eradicating Hp.Results The half emptying time(GET_1/2)in Hp-positive gastric group were significantly longer than those in Hp-negative group(t=6.403 P

Objective To analyze the effect of N-acetyl-L-cysteine(NAC)on endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated HepG2 cells apoptosis and evaluate the role of NAC in the treatment of liver injury.Methods HepG2 cells were treated with thapsigargin(TG)to establish the model of oxidative endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated apoptosis,and NAC was used to intervene in apoptosis.To evaluate the apoptosis,various methods such as MTT assay,flow cytometry,DNA ladder and Western blot were performed.Results After treated with 2 μmol/L TG for 0,24,36 and 48 hours,the vitality of HepG2 cells decreased.The ratio of apoptotic cells increased along with the prolonged treatment duration of TG(0.7%±0.5%,27.6%±6.3%,29.7%±3.3%,47.9%±3.5% respectively,P<0.05),and the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)also increased in time-dependent manner(14.0%±0.5%,36.1%±3.0%,38.2%±6.0%,48.3%±12.4%,P<0.05).The HepG2 cells showed typical morphologic change of endoplasmic retieulum stress induced by 2 μmol/L TG after 36 h and 48 h.DNA ladder was observed at the same concentration and time point correspondingly.Endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated-apoptosis was confirmed by Western blot.Both 10 mmol/L and 20 mmol/L NAC could protect ceils from apoptosis.The ratio of apoptotic cells decreased to 14.0%±1.3% and 11.0%±0.3%,respectively.The production of ROS decreased to 34.7%±0.8% and 31.5%±2.9%,respectively.The effect was related to the concentration of NAC.Conclusions As a Ca2+-adenosine triphoshatase inhibitor,TG may disrupt intracellular calcium homeostasis,which can induce endoplasmie reticulum stress and apoptosis.NAC,the precursor of the synthesis of-SH,can directly inhibit the ROS reaction and alleviate liver damage,which may play a role in the treatment of liver failure.

Acupuncture has remarkable effects of pain relieving and functional restoration on injuries of soft tissue and joint due to military training. As more and more attention has been attached to the impact of psychological states and biorhythm disorder on the fighting ability of military staff, acupuncture has found its place in treating chronic fatigue, combat stress reaction, traumatic brain injury and post-traumatic stress disorder as well as regulating circadian rhythms. The therapeutic effect of acupuncture in military training-related physical damage and psychological trauma has already been proved by numerous clinical practices and researches. It is held that using acupuncture as an alternative could not only save medical resources, but also enhance the fighting ability of the army. However, the current clinical studies is facing the problem of limited sample size. Therefore, randomized controlled trials in large scale and multiple centers should be further carried out toward military staff, so as to provide more speaking evidences to the prevention and treatment of physical and psychological diseases.
Acupuncture Therapy ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Military Personnel ; psychology ; Pain Management ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic ; therapy ; Wounds and Injuries ; therapy ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the clinical and histological outcomes in a cohort of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who had histologically confirmed severe liver fibrosis and received lamivudine (LAM) therapy for up to 10 years. Methods Thirty-nine CHB patients with severe liver fibrosis (Ishak fibrosis score≥4) were treated with LAM for up to 10 years. Disease progression liver histological improvement, virological and biochemical responses were evaluated during follow-up. Data were analyzed using paired t test, Fisher exact test and Willcoxon test. Results Twenty-eight patients completed the 10-year follow-up. There were 5 (17.9% ) patients with disease progression.At the end of follow up, 16 patients received a second liver biopsy, which showed significant improvement of histological activity index (1.1 ± 1.4 vs 7. 1 ± 3.2, t =- 0.82, P＜0.01 ) and Ishak fibrosis score (3.6±2.2 vs 5.3±0.7, t= -2.89, P＜0.05) compared to baseline. There were 3 cases with Ishak fibrosis score improved from F5 to F0. Among 27 patients, 3(11% ) cases achieved hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss and 2 (7 % ) achieved HBsAg seroconversion. At the end of follow-up, 19 out of 23 (83% ) hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) positive patients obtained HBeAg loss and 9 (39 % ) obtained HBeAg seroconversion. During LAM treatment, 11 patients experienced virological breakthrough or detected documented LAM-related resistance mutation. The viral loads of all patients were below 1 ×103 copy/mL at the end of follow-up after rescued by add-on or switch to another nucleotide analog.Conclusions Long-term LAM therapy can delay the disease progression in CHB patients with severe liver fibrosis, increase HBsAg and HBeAg loss rates, sustain suppression of HBV replication at a low level and even totally reverse the liver fibrosis in some patients. The effect of LAM resistance mutation on disease outcomes would be reduced by rescue therapy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in type 2 diabetes patients, by comparing the sexual function between type 2 diabetic women and non-diabetic women with Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).

METHODS115 type 2 diabetic women and 107 age-matched non-diabetes women were enrolled with similar backgrounds. Their sexual functions were evaluated with FSFI. Metabolic parameters such as body mass index, blood lipid profile, hemoglobin A1C, plasma glucose were also collected.

RESULTSTotal score of FSFI of the type 2 diabetic women were significantly lower than that of the non-diabetic controls (18.27±8.96 vs. 23.02±5.78, P=0.000). Scores of the FSFI domains (desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, pain) of the type 2 diabetic group were also lower than those of the control group. According to the FSD criterion (FSFI<25) available in China, the percentage of FSD in the type 2 diabetic group was significantly higher than that of the control group (79.2%vs. 55.0%, P<0.001). These trends seemed more prominent in pre-menopause subgroups. The logistic regression analysis indicated that age and diabetes were independent risk factors of FSD. Body Mass Index (BMI) also had influence in the diabetes group.

CONCLUSIONFindings from this study showed that there are more FDS in Chinese type 2 diabetic women than in their non-diabetic counterparts, especially in pre-menopause participants.