Objective To describe the work of quality control for lipids measurement in CNHS 2002.Methods The quality control was applied over the whole project including staff training,making standard operating procedure(blood collection,separation,temporary storage,transportation,final storage),lab materials assignment,internal quality control in central lab and participating US Disease Control Center's Lipids Standard Program(LSP)as external quality control.Results Seven times of national training programs were held and 326 technicians from CDCs in 31 provinces,autonomous regions, municiplalities and 132 surveyed counties received related trainings.During the program,321 persons passed examination (98.5%)and among them 205 got the A score(62.9%);The field work was implemented strictly according to the procedure. Three automatic biochemical instruments were used in the measurement and there is no significant difference between means of serum TC,TG and HDL-C from several batches of quality control serum.Parallel measurements were conducted in five percent randomly selected samples,the ratio of bias less than 3% was 99.05%,96.40% and 98.30% for TC,TG and HLD-C, respectively.Compared with means of LSP control sera,the results showed that all bias was less than 5% except one bias of TG result(7.02%)in one batch of LSP controls.Conclusion The work of quality control in this survey guaranteed the accuracy of plasma lipids measurement,and provided the basic data for the epidemiological description of dyslipidemia status among Chinese and the further analysis.

Objective To study the effect of hypothyroidism on oxidative stress status in developing rat brain and to further explore the mechanism of impaired brain development caused by hypothyroidism. Methods Perinatal hypothyroidism was induced by administering propylthiouracil(PTU) solution to the dams by gavage.The oxidative stress indexes were measured in brain homogenate of normal and hypothyroid pups which were sacrificed on the 21st d after birth. Results As compared to the control,the following indexes were found to be increased in the hypothyroid group: protein carbonyl contents,thiobarbital acid reactive substances,reduced glutathione,total antioxidative capacity,activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase(P0.05). Conclusion Hypothyroidism during rat brain development may cause oxidative stress,which may be related to the brain damage caused by hypothyroidism.

AIM: To study the curative effect for patients with age related cataract and shallow anterior chamber after phacoemulsification.METHODS: Totally 38 patients (38 eyes) with age related cataract and shallow anterior chamber were selected and divided into two groups according to the depth of the anterior chamber, as mild shallow anterior chamber group (2-2.5mm) 23 eyes, high risk shallow anterior chamber group (<2.0mm) 15 eyes.Thirty-eight patients (38 eyes) with age related cataract with normal anterior chamber were as control group at the same period.All the patients received the operations by the same doctor and were followed up for 3mo.The observed items included visual acuity before and after operations, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber depth, corneal endothelial cell density and complications.RESULTS: There were no significant difference on visual acuity, intraocular pressure and corneal endothelial cell density between the two groups before operations (P>0.05).The visual acuity improved significantly after operation in both groups (P<0.05).Intraocular pressure after operation decreased significantly in both groups (P<0.05).Anterior chamber depth increased significantly after operation in both groups (P<0.05).Corneal endothelial cell density decreased significantly in both groups (P<0.05).There were no significant difference on anterior chamber depth, intraocular pressure and corneal endothelial cell density between the two groups at different time point after operations (P>0.05).Posterior capsular rupture occurred in shallow anterior chamber group in 1 eye, suspensory ligament rupture in 1 eye.Posterior capsular rupture and suspensory ligament rupture occurred none in normal anterior chamber group.Postoperative corneal edema occurred in 10 eyes (26%) in shallow anterior chamber group, which occurred in 3 eyes (8%) in normal anterior chamber group.The difference on the incidence was significant (P <0.05).CONCLUSION: Phacoemulsification should be taken timely for patients with age related cataract and shallow anterior chamber.The postoperative visual acuity can be improved and the anterior chamber depth can increase.The operation is safe and effective for those patients.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics and general pattern of the adverse drug reactions (ADR) occurred in our hospital. METHODS:A total of 258 ADR cases collected from June 2006 to June 2008 were analyzed statistically in respect of patients' age and sex,drug variety,clinical manifestations,routes of administraiton and dosage forms etc. RESULTS:Of the total 258 ADR cases,the majority(64.34%) were induced by antimicrobial drugs; 45.74% presented with lesions of skin and its appendants,and 77.91% were induced by intravenous way. CONCLUSION:To develop and strengthen ADR monitoring and reporting should be regarded as the key to enhance medication safety.

Objective To assess the efficacy of ropivacaine in combination with different doses of sufentanil for epidural anesthesia in patients undergoing hysterectomy. Methods Eighty ASA Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients aged 30-55 yrs weighing 40-70 kg undergoing elective hysterectomy were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 20 each) : ropivacaine group (R) and 3 ropivacaine-sufentanil groups (R-S1-3). The patients were unpremedicated. ECG, BP, HR and SpO2 were monitored during ansthesia. Each patient received an epidural catheter placed at L2,3 interspace. After correct placement of epidural catheter was confirmed 0.75% ropivacaine 13 ml and normal saline (NS) 2 ml were given through epidural catheter in group R whereas in the 3 R-S groups 0.75% ropivacaine 13 ml and sufentanil 10 (R-S1), 20 (R-S2) or 30 (R-S3) ?g in NS 2 ml were injected into epidural space. BP, HR and SpO2 were recorded every 3 min. The onset time, upper spread and duration of sensory block; onset and duration of motor block (Bromage scale); degree of abdominal muscle relaxation; level of sedation (OAA/S scale); anesthetic efficacy and side-effects were recorded. The dose-response curve constructed by probit regression analysis was established to calculate ED50 and ED95. Results The onset time, the time needed to reach the highest sensory level were significantly shorter and the duration of sensory block was significantly longer in the 3 R-S groups than in R group ( P

Objective To explore the psychomotor development in 12 month old infants born after in vitro fertilization with a control group of infants concieved naturally.Methods A matched control study was performed on psychomotor development of 12-month-old infants concieved with use of assisted reproductive technology(in vitro fertilization only).The control group was matched according to maternal age,parity,social class and level of parental education.The suitable mothers were invited to participate at the 28th week of gestation and were followed up to delivery.The infants of the two groups were followed up to 12 months old and a formal developmental assessment was done with the Children Development Center of China(CDCC) scales of infant development.Results The incidences of preterm birth,low birth weight and twin pregnancy were significantly higher in the assisted conception group.No statistically significant difference was found in the mental development index and psychomotor development index between assisted conception and control groups.Conclusions The levels of psychomotor development in 12 months old infants born after in vitro fertilization are normal.But as the incidences of preterm birth,low birth weight and multifetation are significantly higher in vitro fertilization group,it need to follow up the ongoing development of these children.

Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tracheal Stenosis

Objective To investigate the effect of repeated hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning (HOP) on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1a) and erythropoietin (EPO) following spinal ischemiareperfusion (I/R) in rats. Methods Forty-eight male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 16 each): sham operation group (S group); I/R group and repeated HOP group (HOP group). The animals in HOP group were pretreated with O2 ( ＞ 98 % ) at 2.5 ATA I h/d for 5 consecutive days at 24 h before spinal cord I/R. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal pentobarbital sodium 35 mg/kg. Spinal cord ischemia was produced by cross-clamping of abdominal aorta distal to renal artery for 20 min in I/R and HOP groups. Hind-limb motor function was assessed and scored st 48 h of reperfusion. The animals were then sacrificed and the L5-7 segment of the spinal cord was removed for determination of the expression of HIF-1 α and EPO mRNA and protein and microscopic examination. Results Compared with group S, the hind-limb motor function scores and the number of normal motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord were significantly decreased, and the expression of HIF-1α and EPO mRNA and protein was up-regulated in I/R and HOP groups ( P ＜ 0.05). Compared with group I/R, the hind-limb motor function scores and the number of normal motor neurons in the anterior horn of the spinal cord were significantly increased, and the expression of HIF-1α and EPO mRNA and protein was up-regulated in group HOP ( P ＜ 0.05). The spinal cord injury was attenuated in group HOP compared with group I/R. Conclusion Repeated HOP can reduce the spinal cord I/R injury though up-regulating the expression of HIF1α and EPO in rats.

Child, Preschool ; Ear, External ; abnormalities ; Humans ; Male ; Nasopharynx ; abnormalities

Molecular target-based cancer therapy is playing a more and more important role in cancer therapy because of its high specificity, good tolerance and so on. There are different kinds of molecular targeted drugs such as monoclonal antibodies and small molecular kinase inhibitors, and more than 50 drugs have been approved since 1997. When the first monoclonal antibody, rituximab, was on the market. The development of molecular target-based cancer therapeutics has become the main approach. Based on this, we summarized the drugs approved by FDA and introduced their mechanism of actions and clinical applications. In order to incorporate most molecular targeted drugs and describe clearly various characteristics, we divided them into four categories: drugs related to EGFR, drugs related to antiangiogenesis, drugs related to specific antigen and other targeted drugs. The purpose of this review is to provide a current status of this field and discover the main problems in the molecular targeted therapy.
Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; antagonists & inhibitors