Objective To observe the clinical, mammographic and sonographic features of pure invasive lobular breast carcinoma (ILC), and to explore the value of combined imaging assessment of ILC. Methods Sonographic appearances of 55 patients of ILC were retrospectively reviewed in correlation with mammographic, pathologic and clinical findings, and the causes of false negative were analyzed. Results The main features found in clinical examination were mass (96.15%) and thickening in the size of breast (3.85%). The main mammographic features were spiculated or ill-defined mass (65.38%) and architectural distortion (23.08%). The most common sonographic patterns were mass (98.00%) and distortion (2.00%). The accuracy for detecting ILC of clinical examination, mammography and ultrasonography was 94.55%, 83.87% and 98.04%, respectively, while combining the three modalities, the detection rate increased to 100%. Conclusion Sonography has higher accuracy than mammography in detecting ILC. Combining clinical examination, mammography and ultrasonography can increase the pre-operative diagnostic accuracy of ILC.

Objective　To explore the risk factors and causes affecting the operative mortality in esophagectomy patients with esophageal can cer. Methods　1400 cases with a curative esophagectomy for neopl asm of esophagus hospitalized from Mar,1973 to June, 2000 were reviewed. There w ere 31 died within 30 d or during hospitalization after esophagectomy as a group , and 1 369 survival cases, after operation, as another group. Sixteen factors t hat may influence the operational mortality were selected. A multi-variate anal ysis of these individual variables was performed by the computer′s logistic reg ression model. Results　The operative mortality was 2.2%(31/1400 ). The causes of death included respiratory complication 17 cases (including res piratory failure caused by pneumonia or atelectasis), 15 cases, and adult respir atory distress syndrome (ARDS) 2 cases, the mortality was 54.8% in the death gro up), anastomotic leak 11 cases (34.5%), Chylothorax 2 cases (6.5%) and postopera tive digestive tract hemorrhage 1 case (3.2%). The results showed that the major risk factors that affected operative mortality in cases with esophageal cancer were history of long-herm heavy smoking, duration of operation and the year of operational (P<0.05). Conclusion　To minimize operative mort ality of esophagectomy, some means must be noticed, including the reinforcemen t of the perioperative care, the improvement of anastomotic methods and surgical skill, reduing operative time as p ossible, disposing pulmonary complications in time and using respirator if neces sary.

Objective To assess the clinical results of antiglide plate in the treatment of the Danis Weber type B aged ankle fracture. Methods Totally 36 aged cases of Danis Weber type B ankle fracture received ORIF (open reduction with internal fixation) with antiglide plate. Their functional results were evaluated according to the ankle scoring system. We also observed the complications, including failure of fixation, infection, wound dehiscence, and need for hardware removal. Results The clinical results were satisfactory, with the excellent and good ratio of ankle score being 91.6%. Conclusion Since the antiglide plate has theoretical advantages over the conventional lateral plate, it is recommendable for stabilization of Danis Weber type B ankle fractures.

Objective To determine the effect of hypothermia on gene transcription and protein expression of calpain after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Twenty-seven rats were randomly divided into three groups, ie, normal control group, normothermia TBI group and hypothermia TBI group. All rats with TBI were suffered from a lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI) at the right parietal lobe. Hy-pothermia intervention [rectal temperature for (32 ± 0.5) ℃] was performed for four hours immediately after TBI in hypothermia TBI group. Fluorescence PCR and Western blot were utilized to semi-quantify gene transcription and protein expression of ealpain and immunofluorescence used to observe protein dis-tribution of Calpain. Results Compared with normothermia TBi group and normal control group, hypo-thermia TBI group showed increased calpain gene transcription at 12 and 24 hours respectively after FPI (P <0.05). However, the increase of ealpain protein expression in hypothermia TBI group was inhibited more significantly by hypothermia at 6,12,24 and 72 hours after TBI, compared with normothermia TBI group (P < 0.05). Conclusion Neuroproteetion of hypothermia after TBI may somewhat be related to the decrease of calpain protein expression after its gene transcription.

The relationship between the expression of resistin in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and insulin resistance was investigated. The plasma resistin concentrations in 35 patients with PCOS and 40 controls were measured by ELISA. Luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and fasting insulin (FIN) were tested by radioimmunoassay. Insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) was calculated. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was determined by oxidase test. Western blot and reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR) methods were used to detect the expression of resistin in adipose tissues. The levels of plasma resistin, LH, LH/FSH and FIN and HOMA-IR in patients with PCOS were significantly higher than those in control group (all P<0.05). Plasma resistin was correlated positively with FPG, FIN, HOMA-IR, LH and LH/FSH (r=0.56, 0.60, 0.65, 0.48, and 0.42 respectively). Resistin protein and mRNA expression levels in patients with PCOS were significantly higher than those in normal tissues (all P<0.01). It was concluded that resistin might be involved in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance of PCOS.

Because of the population aging,the increase of the stroke patients and the need for rehabilitation,the treatment only in the rehabilitation department of the hospital is far from the satisfaction of people's demands of the service of rehabilitation.It is important to extend the community-based rehabilitation.Compared with the rehabilitation in hospitals,it is more economy,efficiency and convenience for stroke patients in community-based rehabilitation services,and further improve the rehabilitation effect of stroke patients.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of serotonin (5-HTIA) receptors in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) on active avoidance learning in rats.

METHODSTotally 36 SD rats were randomly divided into control group, antagonist group and agonist group(n = 12). Active avoidance learning ability of rats was assessed by the shuttle box. The extracellular concentrations of 5-HT in the DG during active avoidance conditioned reflex were measured by microdialysis and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) techniques. Then the antagonist (WAY-100635) or agonist (8-OH-DPAT) of the 5-HT1A receptors were microinjected into the DG region, and the active avoidance learning was measured.

RESULTS(1) During the active avoidance learning, the concentration of 5-HT in the hippocampal DG was significantly increased in the extinction but not establishment in the conditioned reflex, which reached 164.90% ± 26.07% (P <0.05) of basal level. (2) The microinjection of WAY-100635 (an antagonist of 5-HT1A receptor) into the DG did not significantly affect the active avoidance learning. (3) The microinjection of 8-OH-DPAT(an agonist of 5-HT1A receptor) into the DG significantly facilitated the establishment process and inhibited the extinction process during active avoidance conditioned reflex.

CONCLUSIONThe data suggest that activation of 5-HT1A receptors in hipocampal DG may facilitate active avoidance learning and memory in rats.

8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Avoidance Learning ; Dentate Gyrus ; physiology ; Piperazines ; pharmacology ; Pyridines ; pharmacology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1A ; physiology ; Serotonin ; physiology ; Serotonin Receptor Agonists ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the applicability of immune-related response criteria (irRC) in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by Chinese medicine (CM).

METHODSTotally 97 stage III a-IV NSCLC patients were predominantly treated with comprehensive CM. Curative effects were evaluated by three methods such as Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), Oncologic Curative Effect Evaluation Criteria of Chinese Medicine in Solid Tumor (draft, abbreviated as CM criteria), and irRC. The correspondency and consistency between irRC, RECIST and CM criteria were analyzed and compared. The objectivity of irRC in evaluating curative effect of Chinese medical treatment for NSCLC was assessed.

RESULTSThe correspondency rate of irRC to RECIST was 59. 79% with Kappa value of 0. 379 (U test, P <0. 01). The two criteria had certain correspondence, but with an unsatisfactory consistency. The correspondency rate of irRC to CM criteria rate was 83. 51% with Kappa value of 0.751 (U test, P <0. 01). The two criteria had good correspondence and consistency.

CONCLUSIONSCM criteria had good consistency with CM criteria in evaluating curative effect for Chinese medical treatment of advanced NSCLC. Its results could objectively reflect features and advantages of CM for treating advanced NSCLC.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; standards ; Treatment Outcome

The P85 regulatory subunit protein and gene expression and P110 catalylic subunit activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3K) were investigated in adipose tissue of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in order to explore the molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance (IR) of GDM. Samples from patients with GDM (n=50), and controls (n=50) were collected. Fasting insulin (FIN) was determined by radioimmunoassay. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) was measured by oxidase assay. Western blot technique was used to detect the levels of PI-3K P85 subunit in adipose tissues of patients with GDM. The mRNA expression of PI-3K P85 subunit was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method in the adipose tissue. PI-3K activity was examined by immunoprecipitation, thin-layer chromatography and gamma scintillation counting. The results were analyzed statistically. It was found that the levels of FPG, FIN and HOMA-IR in GDM group were significantly higher than those in control group (all P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the protein and gene expression of PI-3K P85 subunit between GDM group and control group (P>0.05). PI-3K activity was significantly decreased to 82.89% in GDM group as compared with control group (P<0.01) and negatively correlated with HOMA-IR (r=-0.75, P<0.01). It was concluded that PI-3K in GDM patients may be involved in the insulin signaling pathway, resulting in IR of GDM.

Objective To increase the transfection of EGFP-N3 plasmids into 293T cells using ultrasound-targeted microbubbles delivery(UTMD) mediated a peptide nucleic acid (PNA) binding nuclear localization signal (NLS).Methods Antibody-targeted microbubbles were used in the experiments which can specifically recognize the SV40T antigen receptor.The SV40T antigen receptors were expressed on the membranes of 293T cells.The PNA containing the NLS were inserted in the EGFP-N3 plasmid DNA,which increased nuclear localization.Ultrasound-targeted microbubble delivery (UTMD) and the PNA binding NLS were utilized to improve the cytoplasmic import of plasmids and the nuclear intake of the plasmid from the cytoplasm,respectively.The study was divided into five groups:Contrast (group A),Common microbubble + DNA (group B),Antibody-targeted microbubbles + DNA (group C),Common microbubbles + NLS-PNA-DNA (group D),Antibody-targeted microbubbles + NLS-PNA-DNA (group E).Fluorescence microscope was used to observe the fluorescent light in each group;flow cytometry to test the transfection;RT-PCR and Western blot to detect genes' mRNA and protein expression level.Results Ultrasound and antibody-targeted microbubble delivery (UTMD) significantly enhanced the cytoplasmic intake of exogenous genes and maintained high cell viability(＞80％).Fluorescent microscope showed that the quantities of green fluorescence in cells were increased successfully.The transfection results of flow cytometry were 0,(9.30 ± 0.46)％,(26.46 ± 2.01)％,(29.54 ± 0.62)％,(45.72 ± 1.86)％,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(P ＜0.05).The relative mRNA and protein expression in group E were greater than those in group C and D respectively (P ＜0.05).Conclusions UTMD combined with antibody-targeted microbubbles and a PNA binding NLS plasmid can significantly improve transfection efficiency of exogenous genes by enhancing both cytoplasmic and nuclear DNA import.