Objective To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound?guided transversus abdominis plane ( TAP) block with different concentrations of ropivacaine for analgesia after cesarean section. Methods A total of 120 parturients, aged 24-31 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠ or Ⅱ, weighing 64-73 kg, at 35 to 41 week gestation, scheduled for elective cesarean section, were randomly di?vided into 3 groups ( n= 40 each) using a random number table: 0?25% ropivacaine group ( group Ⅰ) , 0?20% ropivacaine group ( groupⅡ) , and 0?15% ropivacaine group ( groupⅢ) . A patient?controlled an?algesia pump was connected at the end of surgery, and the corresponding concentration of ropivacaine 1?5 mg∕kg was injected into the bilateral TAP under the guidance of ultrasound in each group. Visual analogue scale score was maintained ≤3. The number of attempt and the number of patients requiring rescue analge?sic were recorded at 48 h after surgery. The occurrence of TAP block?related complications was observed and recorded. Results Compared with groupⅢ, the number of attempt and the number of patients requi?ring rescue analgesic were significantly decreased in Ⅰ and Ⅱ groups ( P<0?05 ) . Compared with groupⅡ, the number of attempt and the number of patients requiring rescue analgesic were significantly de?creased in group Ⅰ (P<0?05). No TAP block?related complications were detected in the three groups. Conclusion Ultrasound?guided TAP block with 0?25% ropivacaine is helpful in improving the analgesic efficacy after cesarean section without serious complications.

In 1989, Fitz defined and classified severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and he thought that surgical treatment of SAP is feasible. Since then, the strategy of treating SAP was a controversial issue over past decades. Currently, relevant literatures reported that medical or minimally invasive treatments are superior to surgical treatment, while it is too early to make the final conclusion because of the complexity of SAP. From 1989 to 2008, 1852 patients with acute pancreatitis were treated at the General Hospital of PLA, and the clinical data of 18 patients who died of SAP were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the analysis, we concluded that medical conservative therapy and surgical operative therapy should not be opposed to each other. Selecting ideal timing and appropriate operation on the basis of pathological changes of retroperitoneum and pancreatitis should be considered seriously, and the new concept of "miniaturization of trauma" should also be introduced in treating SAP.

Objective To study the influence of different positions in the isokinetic muscle test of knees by CON-TREX Biomechanical Test and Training System, so as to select the suitable conditions for forensic identification of muscle strength test. Methods Fifty-two healthy volunteers joined the isokinetic muscle strength test in unfixed and fixed position, respectively and in two kinds of angular speed (60°/s and 30°/s). The differences of peak torque (PT) and peak torque angle (PTA) between bilateral knee flexor and extensor were statistically analyzed. Results In the unfixed position, under the two speed, there was statistically significant difference in PT between bilateral knee flexor and extensor (P<0.05);while in the fixed position, under the two speed, there was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). In any kind of conditions, the PTA of bilateral knee flexor and extensor did not have statistically signifi-cant difference(P>0.05). Conclusion The position of the subject influences the results of PT. So the po-sition of subject in knees isokinetic muscle test should be regulated.

Objective To study the application of isokinetic muscle testing in identification of the faked paralysis to provide scientific data for establishing a standard systemof muscle strength in forensic medicine identification. Methods Fifty-seven patients with bone fracture or nerve damage as damaged group and 128 normal subjects pretended paralysis as faked paralyzed group were included in this study. Isokinetic muscle testing was performed on bilateral knees of all subjects in the two groups. The peak torque (PT) and peak torque angle (PTA ) were compared between both sides in each group. The fea-tures of torque-time graph of two groups were classified. Results In the damaged group, the differences of PTbetween two sides of flexors and extensors were statistically significant (P<0.05), while the dif-ferences of PTA were not statistically significant (P>0.05). In faked paralyzed group, the differences of PTand PTA between two sides of flexors and extensors were both statistically significant (P<0.05). The torque-time graph of damaged knee presented mostly as single lead peak, while torque-time graph of the faked paralyzed knee presented mostly as multiple peaks. Conclusion The feature of torque-time graph could be useful to identify the faked paralyzed extremities in forensic authentication.

Animals ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Signal Transduction ; physiology

Aim To construct and express the fused gene of anti-glioma single chain Fv(39ScFv)/ human tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α ). Methods The mature peptide cDNA of TNF-α was fused to 3′ -terminus of ScFv gene. The 39ScFv-TNFα fusion gene was cloned into expression vector pET20b(＋ ) and induced to express in E.coli. Results The fusion protein expressed in E.coli account for 20％ of the total bacterial protein. It displayed a single band of Mr 44 000 by reducing SDS-PAGE and Western blot, and retained both of its anti-glioma immunoreactivity and biological activity of TNF. Conclusion The fusion gene was constructed and expressed successfully in E.coli. The fusion protein possessed bifunctional activities, it may prove useful in targeting immunotherapy against glioma.

OBJECTIVE: To study the application of isokinetic muscle testing in identification of the faked paralysis to provide scientific data for establishing a standard system of muscle strength in forensic medicine identification. METHODS: Fifty-seven patients with bone fracture or nerve damage as damaged group and 128 normal subjects pretended paralysis as faked paralyzed group were included in this study. Isokinetic muscle testing was performed on bilateral knees of all subjects in the two groups. The peak torque (PT) and peak torque angle (PTA) were compared between both sides in each group. The features of torque-time graph of two groups were classified. RESULTS: In the damaged group, the differences of PT between two sides of flexors and extensors were statistically significant (P<0.05), while the dif- ferences of PTA were not statistically significant (P>0.05). In faked paralyzed group, the differences of PT and PTA between two sides of flexors and extensors were both statistically significant (P<0.05). The torque-time graph of damaged knee presented mostly as single lead peak, while torque-time graph of the faked paralyzed knee presented mostly as multiple peaks. CONCLUSION The feature of torque-time graph could be useful to identify the faked paralyzed extremities in forensic authentication.
Case-Control Studies ; Humans ; Knee Joint/physiopathology* ; Male ; Muscle Strength ; Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology* ; Muscles ; Torque

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Animals ; Bone Marrow ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; CDC2 Protein Kinase ; metabolism ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Glioma ; classification ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship among oxygen concentration, quorum sensing system, type secretion system, and biofilm production of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

METHODSA total of 23 clinical strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were cultured at different levels of environmental oxygen for three days. Then biofilm mass and alginate were quantified. The expression levels of LasI and RhlI were detected by real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The secretion of exoenzyme S was examined by Western blot.

RESULTSBoth the biofilm mass (R=0.455, P=0.000) and alginate (R=0.367, P=0.000) were positively correlated with oxygen concentration. Real time PCR showed that the expression levels of LasI and RhlI were not significantly correlated with oxygen concentration (R=0.025, P=0.794; R=-0.044, P=0.653), the production of biofilm (R=0.001, P=0.990; R=0.011, P=0.909), or alginate(R=0.029, P=0.770; R=0.193, P=0.064). Western blot showed that the optimal oxygen concentration range for exoenzyme S secretion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ranged 10% to 30%.

CONCLUSIONSHyperoxia can promote the production of biofilm and alginate by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Las/Rhl system may not participate in biofilm production at the early stage due to the low bacteria amount. The increased production of biofilm may inhibit the expression of Type Secretion system and thus inhibit bacterial virulence.

Alginates ; metabolism ; Biofilms ; drug effects ; Oxygen ; metabolism ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; metabolism ; physiology ; Quorum Sensing ; drug effects ; physiology

Objective To investigate whether the malignant transformation of macrophages ( Mφ) in glioma mesenchyme was induced by the fusion of glioma cells ( SU3 ) and Mφ.Methods SU3 cells transfected with red fluorescent protein genes were co-cultured in vitro with Mφexpressing enhanced green fluorescent protein.The cell lineages with RFP+/GFP+dual-color fluorescence were established by using monoclonal selection method.A series of tests for analyzing cancer-related phenotypes, tumorigenicity and specific markers for murine macrophage were performed.Results (1) A few of dual-color fluorescent cells were observed in the co-culture.Three monoclonal cell lineages (C3, C4 and C12) were obtained success-fully.(2) Three types of cells including RFP+, EGFP+and RFP+/EGFP+cells were formed during the cul-ture of monoclonal C12 cell lineage.The percentage of EGFP+cells was increased along the extended culture time and increased passages.Then, EGFP+cells gradually became the predominant cell population.Nota-bly, the percentage of RFP+/EGFP+cells were decreased and maintained at a low level, but the RFP+cells almost disappeared.(3) EGFP+cells from monoclonal C12 cell lineage showed the malignant characteristics such as loss of contact inhibition, rapid proliferation andchromosome aneuploidy, as well as high tumorigenic rate in nude mice (5/5).They also expressed macrophage specific marker CD68 and showed a large number of telocentric chromosomes.Conclusion The results of this study suggested that the malignant transforma-tion of host macrophages as previously observed in solid tumor might be induced by cell fusion occurred be-tween human glioma cells and macrophages.Along with the previous evidences showing the isolation of the malignantly transformed macrophages ( ihCTC) from solid tumor tissue of tumor-bearing mice, the results confirmed an objective existence of malignant transformation of host macrophages in tumor microenvironment. The malignant transformation of host cells induced by fusion with tumor cells revealed not only a new under-standing for the progression of tumor and cancer heterogeneity, but also new targets for cancer therapy.