Objective The 4-and 16-hydroxylated metabolites of estrogens have been implicated in carcinogenesis,whereas its 2-hydroxylated metabolites have been shown to have antiangiogenic effects.We aimed to examine whether the polymorphisms of catechol-O-methyltransferase(COMT)involved in the estrogen metabolism are associated with endometrial cancer risk.Methods Polymerase chain reaction- restrictive fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP)analysis was used to study the variant allele frequency distributions of COMT Val158Met genetic polymorphism in a population based case-control study with 132 endometrial cancer cases and 110 controls.Odds ratios(OR)and 95% confidence intervals(CI) were estimated by unconditional logistic regression after adjustment for known or suspected risk factors for endometrial cancer.Results The most frequent genotype was COMT~(Val/Val)(47.2%,52/110)in control group and COMT~(Mal/Met)(58.3%,77/132)in endometrial cancer group.The difference between the two groups was of statistical significance(P

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between neuropeptide substance P (SP) and wound healing in scalded rats.

METHODS(1) Scalded rats with different degrees of scald injury were employed as the experimental model and were sacrificed at 24 post scald hour (PSH), and on 3, 7 and 14 post scald days (PSD). The SP content in the wound was detected with radioimmunoassay method. (2) The murine granulation tissue fibroblasts (GTF) were cultured with different culture media, and divided into control, SP and Spantide (SP receptor antagonism) groups. The effects of SP and Spantide on the cellular activity and apoptotic rate of murine GTF were assessed in vitro.

RESULTSThere was significant difference of the SP content among the superficial (145 +/- 78) ng/g, partial (94 +/- 48 ng/g) and full thickness (53 +/- 27 ng/g) scald wounds at 24 PSH (P < 0.01), while the SP content in partial thickness burn wound on 3 and 7 PSD obviously increased; and that in deep partial thickness burn wound obviously increased on 7 and 14 PSD. But the SP content remained unchanged in full thickness scald wound. (2) SP could promote the activity of GTF and inhibit its apoptosis (The GTF activity in control, SP groups were 0.21 +/- 0.05, 0.36 +/- 0.07, respectively, P < 0.01). Spantide could inhibit the interaction between SP and GTF.

CONCLUSIONSP can promote GTF proliferation, and the SP content in wound is closely associated with the depth of the injury and wound healing capacity.

Animals ; Burns ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Neurokinin-1 ; metabolism ; Substance P ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Wound Healing

OBJECTIVE: To study the expression level of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) in children with recurrent wheezing under three years of age and its effect on the expression of the serum orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 (ORMDL3) gene. METHODS: Thirty-six children with recurrent wheezing under three years of age who visited the hospital from June 2017 to June 2019 were selected as the recurrent wheezing group. Twenty-four healthy children from physical examination were selected as the control group. The CREB expression level in peripheral blood was measured by quantitative real-time PCR. Human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) were cultured, and dual-luciferase reporter assay and quantitative real-time PCR were used to investigate the effects of overexpression and siRNA interference of CREB on the promoter activity and mRNA expression of the ORMDL3 gene in the BEAS-2B cells. RESULTS: The expression level of CREB in the recurrent wheezing group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.001). In BEAS-2B cells, overexpression of CREB significantly up-regulated the promoter activity and mRNA expression of the ORMDL3 gene (P<0.05), while siRNA interference of CREB significantly reduced the promoter activity and mRNA expression of the ORMDL3 gene (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The expression of CREB is increased in children with recurrent wheezing, and CREB may be involved in the pathogenesis of recurrent wheezing by regulating expression of the ORMDL3 gene.
Child, Preschool ; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein ; Epithelial Cells ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins ; genetics ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Respiratory Sounds

OBJECTIVETo comparatively study complete dislocation of acromioclavicular joint treated with three different methods.

METHODSA total of 96 patients (81 males and 15 females, aged 16-59 years, mean=45 years) with complete dislocation of acromioclavicular joint were treated with Dewar's operation (Group A, n=32), internal fixation with Kirschner tension band wires (Group B, n=44), or internal fixation with Wolter plates (Group C, n=20), respectively, in this study. Eighty-five patients suffered from acute dislocations and eleven from chronic dislocations.

RESULTSThe patients were followed up for 50 months on an average. According to Karlsson's standard, in Group A, 26 patients were assessed as good, 5 as fair and 1 as poor. In Group B, 20 patients were assessed as good, 13 as fair and 11 as poor. In Group C, 15 patients were assessed as good, 4 as fair and 1 as poor. The good and fair rates were significantly different between Group A and Group B, and between Group C and Group B, but no statistical difference was found between Group A and Group C. The operating time was (52.36+/-7.24) minutes, (67.43+/-8.11) minutes and (69.73+/-8.04) minutes in Groups A, B and C, respectively. And the hospitalizing fees were (2400+/-270) yuan, (2100+/-190) yuan and (8450+/-360) yuan in Groups A, B and C, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSDewar's operation is a good and safe method with shorter operating time and lower hospitalizing fee for treating complete dislocation of acromioclavicular joint. The method is simple without the need of a second operation to remove the implants and with few complications.

Acromioclavicular Joint ; injuries ; Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Bone Plates ; Bone Wires ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Joint Dislocations ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence of cerebral palsy (here in after referred to CP) in children aged 1 - 6 in Guangxi, China, and its epidemiologic characteristics and relevant risk factors.

METHODSInvestigations on the prevalence and etiology of CP in children at ages of 1 - 6 were conducted in Nanning, Hengxian and Qinzhou of Guangxi from June to December in 1998, with a cluster sampling.

RESULTSTotally, 150 806 children aged 1 - 6 were investigated in Nanning, Hengxian and Qinzhou of Guangxi, with 89 418 boys and 61 388 girls. Among them, 193 children were diagnosed as CP, with a prevalence rate of 1.28 per thousand, higher in boys (136 cases, 1.52 per thousand ) than in girls (57 cases, 0.93 per thousand ), with statistical significance (chi(2) = 9.536 7, P = 0.02). Logistic regression analysis showed that risk factors for CP were children who could not cry after birth (neonatal asphyxia), Apgar score less than eight, delivery at lower level of maternity hospital, number of mother's gravidity, no prenatal checks for mothers, and taking antipyretics and preserved food with salt during pregnancy.

CONCLUSIONSPrevalence of CP in children of Guangxi was at a lower level in comparison with that in other areas at home and abroad, which, maybe, was related with the lower neonatal survival and higher infant mortality.

Cerebral Palsy ; classification ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimesters ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of implanted biliary metallic stents in the management of malignant obstructive jaundice (MOJ).

METHODSPercutaneous transhepatic cholangiography and stent insertion were performed in 241 consecutive patients to treat malignant biliary obstruction between December 1998 and February 2009. The study end point was patient death. All patients were followed-up until death or until February 2010. The therapeutic efficacy was determined by statistical analysis of life span and pre- and post-operative laboratory indices.

RESULTSAll 241 patients were successfully stented. The level of bilirubin descended obviously within four weeks of implantation (P less than 0.05), and the early mortality rate was 4.56% (11/241). Two-hundred-and-two patients were followed-up (range: 8-193 weeks post-transplantation) and showed a median survival of 43.55 weeks. The survival rates at 13, 26, 39 and 52 weeks post-transplantation were 87%, 66%, 56%, and 41%, respectively. The stent patency rates at 13, 26, 39 and 52 weeks post-transplantation were 70%, 46%, 36% and 24%, respectively; the mean stent patency was 27.57 weeks. Cox regression analysis identified the strong predictors of improved survival as an initial bilirubin level of less than 221 mumol/L (P = 0.01) and a stent-induced bilirubin reduction of more than 50% (P = 0.002).

CONCLUSIONTranshepatic metallic biliary stenting is a safe and effective therapeutic intervention for malignant biliary obstruction. Significant periods of survival and palliation of jaundice can be achieved with this method. Hyperbilirubinemia and a stent-induced bilirubin reduction of less than 50% are independent predictive factors for the survival of MOJ patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Biliary Tract Surgical Procedures ; Bilirubin ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Jaundice, Obstructive ; surgery ; Male ; Metals ; Middle Aged ; Stents ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo detect gene mutations associated with autosomal dominant congenital stationary night blindness(ADCSNB) in a large Chinese family.

METHODSGenomic DNAs were extracted from peripheral blood samples of 16 affected and 14 unaffected family members. According to 5 missense mutations in 3 genes reported previously, 4 pairs of primers were designed and corresponding exons containing the five mutation sites were amplified by polymerase chain reaction. Amplified products were purified and sequenced by MegaBACE1000 capillary array electrophoresis DNA sequencer. Full field electroretinogram (ERG, ISCEV) of patients was recorded and analyzed by Roland Consult System.

RESULTSDark-adapted ERG showed a-wave was normal, but b-wave of the patients was markedly decreased. None of the five missense mutations were detected in 16 affected and 14 unaffected family members.

CONCLUSIONThe molecular pathogenesis of ADCSNB in this family does not involve point mutations or deletions of these five sites, which indicates the heterogeneity of ADCSNB.

Adult ; Base Sequence ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Night Blindness ; congenital ; genetics ; Pedigree ; Point Mutation

OBJECTIVETo study the mental developments in high risk children and the impact of the high risk factors on neurologic abnormalities, mental defect and long-term outcome.

METHODSThe mental development of 122 children who had been exposed to high-risk factors and treated between March 1994 to May 1995 during their newborn periods was evaluated. Gesell development scales were performed when they were at 6 and 12 months old. And Wechsler intelligence scales for children (Chinese version) were performed at 6 approximately 7 years old.

RESULTSThe children exposed to hypoglycemia during their newborn period and preterm labor had significantly lower IQ, VIQ and PIQ scores (P <0.05). The other risk factors in order were low birth weight, severe anoxia, asphyxia at birth, erythrocythemia, hyperbilirubinemia. There was significant difference between the children exposed to one risk factor and those exposed to two or more risk factors (P <0.05). And there was significant correlation between developmental assessment at 6 and 12 months and mental development at 6 approximately 7 years old (P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe impact of the high risk factors at birth on children's mental development is not negligible. And the risk of development abnormalities will increase if the children were exposed to multiple risk factors. The evaluation of development at 6 approximately 12 months is of predictive value for long-term outcome.

Apgar Score ; Asphyxia Neonatorum ; complications ; Child Development ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia ; complications ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intelligence ; Male ; Mental Health ; Risk Factors

BACKGROUNDSinonasal inverted papilloma (IP) is a rare benign tumor of the nasal cavities and paranasal sinuses. It is destructive or bone-remodeling, tends to recur after surgical resection, and has a significant malignant potential. The present study aimed to perform a retrospective analysis of patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising from IP, including characteristics, survival outcome, and predictors of associated malignancy.

METHODSThe medical records of 213 patients diagnosed with IP from January 1970 to January 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Eighty-seven patients were diagnosed with SCC/IP; their clinical characteristics, treatments, and survival outcomes were analyzed.

RESULTSOf the 87 patients with SCC/IP, the 5- and 10-year overall survival outcomes were 39.6% and 31.8%, respectively. Twenty-nine of these patients received surgery and 58 received combined surgery and radiation. Of the patients with stages III-IV, the 5-year survival rate was 30.7% for those treated with surgery only and 39.9% for those given the combination treatment (P = 0.849). Factors associated with significantly poor prognosis were advanced-stage, metachronous tumors, or with cranial base and orbit invasion. Age, synchronous or metachronous tumors, and pathological stage were independent risk factors for mortality, shown by multivariate analysis.

CONCLUSIONPatients with SCC/IP had low overall survival outcomes. Advanced age, stage, and metachronous tumors are the main factors affecting prognosis. Treatment planning should consider high-risk factors to improve survival outcome.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; etiology ; mortality ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multivariate Analysis ; Papilloma, Inverted ; complications ; mortality ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the long-term immunogencity and effectiveness of live attenuated hepatitis A (HA) vaccine (H2 strain) after one dose injection, through a 15 years' follow up observation. Methods A total of 220 children with negative anti-HAV antibody (aged 1-3 y)were involved and followed up in Jiaojiang district, Taizhou city, Zhejiang province. Indicators would include seroconversion and geometric meantiter(GMT) levels after inoculation the vaccine with single dose at 2 m, 12 m, 6 years, 10 years and 15 years. Epidemiological observation was carried out within the 15 years to evaluate the relationship between vaccine coverage, the incidence of HA and the overall effectiveness. In the studied population, serum was tested by ELISA(calibrated by WHO international reference) and ABBOTT Axsym HAVAB mEIA. Results Seroconversion rates were found to be 98.6% and 81.3% after 2 months and 15 years of inoculation and slowly decreased. GMT level was 128 mIU/ml after 15 years, significantly higher than the required protective level of 20 mIU/ml,recommended by WHO experts. Effectiveness through the 15-year follow up program showed a significant correlation between vaccine coverage and incidence of HA in 1-15 years aged group (Kendall-Rank test, t =-0.931, P＜0.01). There was no HA case seen among the observed accumulated 236 413 person-year vaccines, compared to 4 HA cases discovered in the 27 206 personyear of the non-vaccinees. The overall protective rate reached 100%. Through a mass vaccination program on children, the whole population established an immune-defence to enable the incidence of HA decreased by 96.7%. Conclusion The long-term immunogencity and effectiveness of live attenuated hepatitis A vaccine (H2 strain) after one dose injection could last as long as 15 years.