High performance liquid chromatography-time-off-flight mass spectrometer (HPLC-TOFMS) technology coupled with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) processed by SIMCA-P software was applied to investigate serum endogenous metabolites alternations of valsartan in spontaneous hypertension rats (SHR). And MetPA platform was used to connect identified potential biomarkers in corresponding metabolic pathways to find possible therapeutic mechanism of valsartan. Valsartan significantly declined the blood pressure of SHRs (P < 0.05) at fourth week. The metabolic profiling significantly changed and four metabolites involved in G protein-coupled pathway were identified. Metabolomics is able to detect holistic and microcosmic alternations in organism, so as to elucidate therapeutic mechanism of drugs.
Animals ; Biomarkers ; blood ; Blood Pressure ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Discriminant Analysis ; Least-Squares Analysis ; Mass Spectrometry ; Metabolome ; Metabolomics ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Valsartan ; pharmacology

Acute Kidney Injury ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy, Needle ; methods ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranoproliferative ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Diseases ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; epidemiology ; pathology ; Ultrasonography, Interventional

Thirty SHRs were obtained randomly to hypertension, model group, captopril group and Qingre jiangya capsule group. Ten Wistar rats were used as control group. The hippocampus tissue was removed to explore the damage of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and the protective effect of Qingre jiangya capsule after continuously administered for 14 days. And then the data were processed by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The research results revealed captopril group was significantly different from the other three groups. The classification of other three groups is also very clear after captopril group removed. This suggested that Qingre jiangya capsule could improve the overall metabolism compared with captopril. Four metabolites were identified: dimethylglycine, glycerophosphocholine, aldosterone and noradrenaline. Hypertension hippocampus damage may mainly be expressed in tyrosine metabolism, aldosterone-regulated sodium, vascular smooth muscle contraction reabsorption, and Qingre jiangya capsule could reverse the hippocampus tissue damage of SHR.
Animals ; Capsules ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Wistar

Calcinosis ; complications ; Decalcification Technique ; Humans ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; complications ; Meningioma ; complications ; Specimen Handling ; methods ; Ultrasonics

Objective To profile the phenotype and pathogens of cutaneous and mucous mycoses in a dermatology outpatient clinic in Nanchang region. Methods A review was performed to assess cutaneous and mucous mycoses diagnosed in the dermatology outpatient clinic of Dermatology Hospital of Jiangxi Province from 2006 to 2008. The relationship of clinical phenotype and pathogens to season, patients' age and gender was analyzed. Results A total of 7251 cases were collected, and the ratio of male to female patients was 2.3: 1. The most prevalent mycoses included tinea cruris (2702, 37.1%), pityriasis versicolor (1505, 20.8%) and tinea manus (727, 10.0%). In total, 4953 fungal strains were isolated from all the patients except for those with pityriasis versicolor, of them, Trichophyton rubrum accounted to 69.9%, Candida to 20.4%, and Trichophyton violaceum to 4.5%. Season, patients' age and gender were found to be associated with clinical phenotypes and pathogens of mycoses. Conclusions In the dermatology outpatient clinic of Nanchang region, tinea cruris is the most common superficial fungal disease, with the predominant pathogen being Trichophyton rubrum. Trichophyton violaceum is the primary pathogen of tinea capitis, which is different from other reports.

To reveal the colonization characteristics in host of endophytic biocontrol bacteria NJ13 isolated from Panax ginseng, this study obtained the marked strain NJ13-R which was double antibiotic resistant to rifampicin and streptomycin through enhancing the method of inducing antibiotic. The colonization characteristics in ginseng and its biocontrol efficiency against Alternaria spot of ginseng in the field were studied. The results showed that the strain could colonize in root, stem and leaf of ginseng and the colonization amount was positive correlated with inoculation concentration. Meanwhile, the strain could infect and then transfer in different tissues of ginseng The colonization amount of strain in roots and leaves of ginseng increased first and then decreased. However, the tendency of colonization amount of strain in stems was ascend at first and then descend slowly, and was more than that in roots and leaves along with time, which had a preference to specific tissue of its host. In field experiment, the endophytic bacteria NJ13 was proved to be effective in controlling Alternaria leaf spot of ginseng. The biocontrol efficiency of fermentation broth at the concentration of 0.76 x 10(8) cfu x mL(-1) reached 75.62%, which was close to the controlling level (73.06%) of 0.67 mg x L(-1) 50% cyprodinil WG.
Alternaria ; physiology ; Antibiosis ; Bacillus ; growth & development ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Endophytes ; growth & development ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Panax ; growth & development ; microbiology ; Plant Diseases ; microbiology

Objective: To explore the points selection pattern of acupuncture for sleep apnea syndromes by data mining technique. Methods: Clinical literature about acupuncture therapy for sleep apnea syndromes was derived from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database (Wanfang), Chongqing VIP Database (CQVIP), PubMed and Science Direct between the time that databases were created and March 25th,2017. Relevant excel database was established and descriptive studies and association rules were analyzed. Results: The most frequently used point was Lianquan (CV 23) and the most frequently used meridian was the Stomach Meridian. The analysis of association rules showed that the clinical choice of acupuncture points was highly correlated, among which the combination of the highest degree of confidence and the highest degree of support was Shenmen (HT 7) and Sishencong (EX-HN 1); Lieque (LU 7), lianquan (CV 23) and Zhaohai (KI 6). Conclusion: Acupuncture treatment of sleep apnea syndromes has specific selection rules of points, providing certain references for clinical and scientific research.

LB.

In this study, a composite cell model for evaluation of idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (IDILI) was established in vitro from the perspective of immune inflammation. And this model was used to evaluate the risk of IDILI for 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy-cis-stilbene-2-O-β-glucoside (Cis-SG) and 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxy-trans-stilbene-2-O-β-glucoside (Trans-SG). To determine the low, medium, and high dosage of Cis-SG and Trans-SG, CellTiter-Glo^® 3D Cell Viability Assay was used to detect the effects of Cis-SG and Trans-SG on cell viability of HepG2 cells in three dimensional (3D) culture, and MTT assay was used to detect the effects of Cis-SG and Trans-SG on cell viability of THP-1 derived macrophages. THP-1 derived macrophages were incubated by Cis-SG and Trans-SG directly or supernatants from HepG2 cells incubated with them. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in the supernatants of the THP-1 derived macrophages. Western blot and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to determine the expression of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-1 (caspase-1), and IL-1β in THP-1 derived macrophages. The results showed that there was no effect on the secretion of IL-1β in THP-1 derived macrophages incubated by Cis-SG and Trans-SG directly. However, the secretion of IL-1β, the protein and mRNA expression of ASC, NLRP3, caspase-1, and IL-1β significantly increased in THP-1 derived macrophages incubated by supernatants from HepG2 cells incubated with 1, 5, and 25 μmol·L^-1 Cis-SG or 25 μmol·L^-1 Trans-SG. In summary, the composite cell model for evaluation of IDILI established in vitro has been successfully applied in testing Cis-SG and Trans-SG. This composite cell model is helpful to evaluate and screen drugs with IDILI risk in vitro preliminarily, which provides methods for predicting and solving the idiosyncratic liver toxicity of drugs.

Objective To study the relationship of urine RBC morphology between UF-100 urine sediment analytic instrument andphase contrast microscope.Methods The UF-100 urine sediment analytic instrument to analyze 500 urine specimens and study the relation-ship of urine RBC morphology between urine sediment analytic instrument and phase contrast microscope.Results The according perceptionof Normocytic,Microcytic and Non-classified RBC between phase contrast microscope and UF-100 urine sediment analytic instrument RBC-info are 91.4%,94.4%,83.3% respectively,the according perception between phase contrast microscope and RBC-P70Fsc are 94.9%,95.7%,94.7% respectively,and the according perception between phase contrast microscope and RBC Fsc-DW are 84.4%,86.8%,90.5% respectively,the specificity of UF-100 and phase contrast microscope in glomerular hematuria and non-glomerular hematuria are84.3%,88.1% and 83.3%,87.9% respectively.Conclusion The results show that the UF-100 urine sediment analytic instrument issimply operating,fast and high accurate,and which can instruct clinical dignose,therapy and prognosis judgement.