OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy and safety of tiaogan Lipi Recipe (TLR) in treating non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients of Gan stagnation Pi deficiency syndrome (GSP-DS).

METHODSA randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was performed. Totally 99 NAFLD patients of GSPDS were randomly allocated into two groups, 66 patients in the treatment group (treated with-TLR, one dose per day) and 33 patients in the control group (treated with placebos, one dose per day). The therapeutic course for all was 12 weeks. All patients received lifestyle interventions including moderate aerobic exercise, moderate caloric restriction, and dietary changes. Clinical symptoms, CT indices, liver functions and blood lipids were observed before and after treatment.

RESULTSAfter 12 weeks of treatment, the total score of clinical symptoms decreased in the two groups (P <0. 01), and it was lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P <0. 05). Liver/spleen CT ratio increased in the treatment group (P <0. 01), and it was higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P <0. 01). After treatment levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) all decreased in the treatment group (P <0. 05, P <0. 01), while levels of ALT decreased in the control group (P <0. 05). Besides, all the 3 levels mentioned above were lower in the treatment group than in the control group (P <0. 05). Levels of total cholesterol (CHO) and triglyceride (TG) decreased in the two groups (P <0. 05), and they were lower in the treatment group (P <0. 05). Total effective rates of TCM syndrome, abdominal CT, liver functions, and blood lipids were 79. 69% (51/64 cases), 54. 69% (35/64 cases), 67. 65% (23/34 cases), and 67. 39% (31/46 cases) in the treatment group, while they were 56. 25% (18/32 cases), 25. 00% (8/32 cases), 33. 33% (6/18 cases), and 55. 56% (10/18 cases) in the control group. All were superior in the treatment group (P <0.05, P <0.01, respectively).

CONCLUSIONTLR combined with lifestyle intervention could safely and effectively improve clinical symptoms of NAFLD patients of GSPDS, elevate liver/spleen CT ratios, and play a role in liver protection, anti-inflammation, and lowering blood lipids.

Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; metabolism ; Cholesterol ; Double-Blind Method ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Lipids ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; drug therapy ; Syndrome ; Triglycerides ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; metabolism

MicroRNAs,a family of endogenous non -coding RNAs, are known for their critical role in regulating the expression of target genes through complementary binding to the 3'non-coding region of the target gene mRNA.Drugs indirectly affect drug metabolism by regulating the expression of microRNAs that affect transporters .This article systemati-cally described the research progress and mechanism of microRNA media-ted drug regulation of transporters .

OBJECTIVETo observe the growth and metastasis effect of interferon alpha-1b (IFN-alpha-1b) on nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 in xenografted model of mice liver. Comparing rAAV-mediated IFN-alpha-1b gene therapy with the IFN-alpha-1b protein therapy.

METHODSThe xenografted model of liver nasopharyngeal carcinoma was established by injecting the human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 under liver capsule of nude mice. Forty nude mice were randomly divided into four groups by means of random number table method, with ten mice in each one. (Group A: rAAV-IFN-alpha-1b, Group B: IFN-alpha-1b; Group C: rAAV-EGFP; Group D: PBS). After 24 hours, A, C and D group was injected with rAAV-IFN-alpha-1b encoding human IFN-alpha-1b, rAAV-EGFP and phosphate buffer saline via tail vein injection. After 5 days, mice in group B was injected with human IFN-alpha-1b protein once per two days. Three weeks later five nude mice were sacrificed and then observed their liver tumor formation and pulmonary metastasis. Tumor size was measured and tumor inhibition ratios was calculated, and apoptotic index (AI) was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end-labeling (TUNEL). The contents of human IFN-alpha contained in peripheral blood and mice IL-12 was determined by high performance liquid chromatography chip techniques. And another five mice were randomly chosen for the observation of surviving study.

RESULTSAfter human nasopharyngeal carcinoma implants in nude mice liver 3 weeks, the average volume of A group (0.114 +/- 0.116) cm3 and B group (0.422 +/- 0.137) cm3 were significantly lower than that of C group (2.476 +/- 0.637) cm3 and D group (2.677 +/- 0.704) cm3 (F = 38.536, P < 0.01). Compared with D group, the restrained percentage of tumor in group A was 95.74% and group B was 84.24%. The percentage of lung metastases in group A, B, C and D were 0.0%, 0.0%, 40.0%, 60.0% respectively. The apoptotic index increased significantly in group A (21. 88 +/- 3.29)% and group B (19.85 +/- 1.96)% versus group C (4.37 +/- 0.50)% and group D (3.40 +/- 1.05)% (F = 120.964, P < 0.01). The average content of human interferon-alpha in serum increased significantly in group A (101.50 +/- 11.33) pg/ml and group B (91.55 +/- 9.80) pg/ml versus group C (23.06 +/- 4.36) pg/ml and group D (16.93 +/- 9.96) pg/ml (F = 69.128, P < 0.01). The average content of IL-12 increased significantly in group A (80.36 +/- 13.35) pg/ml and group B (51.15 +/- 9.72) pg/ml versus group C (19.44 +/- 7.03) pg/ml and group D (14.49 +/- 4.21) pg/ml (F = 57.116, P < 0.01). The survival time of tumor bearing mice in group A (55.80 +/- 2.77) d and group B (48.20 +/- 2.39) d was significantly longer than group C (35.40 +/- 2.61) d and group D (36.80 +/- 1.92) d (chi2 = 25.623, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSIFN-alpha-1b can inhibit the growth and metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2 in xenografted model of mice liver. rAAV-mediated IFN-alpha-1b gene therapy indicated more effect than the IFN-alpha-1b protein therapy by comparing content of human IFN-alpha in serum and the survival time of tumor bearing mice.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; pharmacology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; pathology ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Objective To evaluated the clinical efficacy and safety of valsartan or benazepril combined with atorvastatin in the treatment of chronic cardiac failure in elderly patients.Methods Eighty-six cases with chronic cardiac failure were recruited in this study and randomly divided into treatment group ( n =42 ) and control group ( n =44 ).Patients in treatment group were received valsartan 80 mg · d-1 orally plus atorvastatin 10 mg · d-1 orally, patients in control group received benazepril 10 mg · d-1 orally plus atorvastatin 10 mg · d-1 orally.The course was 3 months.After treatment , the clinical efficacy , serum level of brain natriuretic peptide and adverse event were compared between the two groups.Results The total clinical efficacy of treatment group and control group were 90.48% and 86.36% respectively with no statistical difference ( P>0.05 ).The serum level of brain natriuretic peptide sig-nificant decreased in the both groups ( P<0.05 ) after treatment.And the serum level of brain natriuretic peptide in treatment group was significant lower compared with that in control group after treatment ( P<0.05 ).There were no statistical difference on adverse drug reactions between two groups ( P>0.05 ).Conclusion The clinical efficacy and safety were not significantly different for valsartan or benazepril combined with atorvastatin in the treatment of chronic cardiac failure in elderly patients .

By means of genetic cloning and recombinant techniques, full genome cDNA sequences of rotavirus strain TB-Chen were isolated from an infantile hospitalized with acute gastroenteritis. Nucleotide sequences analyses showed that the full genome of strain TB-Chen contains 18613 nucleotides, encoding 5791 amino acids. Genotyping results showed that the strain TB-Chen belongs to genotype G2P[4]/NSp4[A]. This is the first report on a full genome of Group A rotavirus in China, and has important significance for deep understanding structure and functions of rotaviruses and developing rotavirus vaccines.

OBJECTIVETo study the application value of normal sperm morphology on the outcomes of classic in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET).

METHODSThis study included 659 infertile couples admitted to our center for IVF-ET. Based on the percentage of morphologically normal sperm (MNS), we divided the patients into groups A (n = 112, MNS < 2%), B (n = 180, MNS > or = 2 - < 4%), C (n = 74, MNS > or = 4 - < 5%), and D (n = 293, MNS > or = 5%), and compared the rates of fertilization, normal fertilization, embryos obtained, biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, implantation, and live birth among different groups.

RESULTSThe mean fertilization rate was significantly higher in groups C (71.90%) and D (72.89%) than in A (57.97%) and B (63.29%) (P < 0.05), with no remarkable differences either between A and B (P > 0.05) or between C and D (P > 0.05). The normal fertilization rate was also significantly higher in group D (57.16%) than in A (46.52%) and B (50.89%) (both P < 0.05) as well as in C (54.67%) than in A (P < 0.05). The rate of embryos obtained, too, was markedly higher in group D (55.62%) than in B (45.75%) (P < 0.05), but none with remarkable difference from other groups (all P > 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences among the four groups in the rates of biochemical pregnancy, clinical pregnancy, implantation, abortion, and live birth (all P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe rate of MNS had some influence on IVF-ET, and 5% MNS exhibited a higher value than 4% MNS in predicting the outcomes of IVF.

Adult ; Embryo Implantation ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Retrospective Studies ; Spermatozoa ; cytology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate in vivo immunological protective efficacy and safety of expressed recombinant rotavirus epitopes in mice.

METHODSUsing the Flock House virus capsid protein as a vector, three epitopes derived from rotavirus Vp4 amino acid 223-242 [rotavirus epitope A, (REA)], 243-262 [rotavirus epitope B, (REB)], and 234-251 [rotavirus epitope C, (REC)] were genetically engineered on the surface of the vector protein and expressed in pET-3 (E. coli BL21 [DE3]) system into multiple epitopes, REABC, which comprises REA, REB, and REC. Kunming strain mice were inoculated with the recombinant epitopes REABC, and then challenged perorally by cell culture-adapted rotavirus Wa (type G1P1A) and SA11 (type G3P2). Infection syndrome was observed, and virus antigen in stools of mice and serum neutralizing antibody activities were determined and analyzed.

RESULTSThe recombinant epitopes REABC significantly induced rotavirus specific neutralyzing antibodies against WA and SA11, reduced virus reproduction, elicitted immune memory in inoculated mice, and protected inoculated mice from challenge by WA or SA11 (P<0.001).

CONCLUSIONThe recombinant epitopes have high immunological protective efficacy and mild side effects in mice. It may be used as an epitope-based vaccine candidate in human.

Animals ; Antigens, Viral ; immunology ; Capsid ; immunology ; metabolism ; Capsid Proteins ; immunology ; Epitopes ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Female ; Genetic Vectors ; Male ; Mice ; Random Allocation ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; immunology ; Rotavirus ; immunology ; Rotavirus Infections ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Viral Vaccines ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of microRNA-145 (miR-145) on epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of TGF-β1-induced human renal proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells.

METHODSThe gene sequence of miR-145 was synthesized and cloned into pCMV-myc to construct recombinant plasmid pCMV-miR-145. HK-2 cells were divided into four groups: control (untreated), TGF-β1 (treated with TGF-β1), blank+TGF-β1 (treated with TGF-β1 after HK-2 cells transfected with blank plasmid) and miR-145+TGF-β1 (treated with TGF-β1 after HK-2 cells transfected with pCMV-miR-145 recombinant plasmid). Expression of miR-145 was detected by real-time PCR (RT-PCR). TGF-β1, Smad3, Smad2/3, p-Smad2/3, α-SMA, FN and type I collagen (Col I) protein levels were detected by Western blot. Concentrations of fibronectin (FN) and Col I in cell culture supernatants were measured using ELISA.

RESULTSpCMV-miR-145 recombinant plasmid was successfully transfected into HK-2 cells. Compared with the control group, the miR-145+TGF-β1 group showed a significant up-regulation in the expression level of miR-145 (P<0.01). However, the TGF-β1 and blank+TGF-β1 groups showed a significant down-regulation in the expression level of miR-145 compared with that in the control and miR-145+TGF-β1 groups (P<0.01). Compared with the TGF-β1 and blank+TGF-β1 groups, the miR-145+TGF-β1 group showed significantly reduced levels of the signal proteins TGF-β1, Smad3, Smad2/3 and p-Smad2/3 (P<0.05), as well as significantly reduced levels of the biomarkers α-SMA, FN and Col I (P<0.05). Meanwhile, concentrations of FN and Col I in cell culture supernatants also decreased (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSmiR-145 modulates the EMT of HK-2 cells treated with TGF-β1, possibly by inhibition of the activation of TGF-β-dependent Smad signaling pathway.

Cells, Cultured ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; pathology ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Humans ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal ; drug effects ; pathology ; MicroRNAs ; physiology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; pharmacology

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of nucleic acid matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry（MALDI-TOF MS）in sputum smear-negative patients with nontuberculous Mycobacterial（NTM）pulmonary disease.Methods:Clinical data of 123 patients suspected of NTM pulmonary disease admitted in Public Health Clinical Center Affiliated to Shandong University between July 2022 and November 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid（BALF）specimens were collected for MALDI-TOF MS assay and MGIT 960 culture. The diagnostic efficacy of MALDI-TOF MS for NTM pulmonary disease in patients with negative sputum smears for acid-fast bacilli was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic（ROC）curve. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0 software and MedCalc statistical software.Results:Diagnosis of NTM pulmonary disease was finally confirmed in 66 out of the 123 suspected patients. It took 8 to 24 h for MALDI-TOF MS to identify NTM species and resistance. By MALDI-TOF MS，72 NTM strains were identified，with the Mycobacterium avium complex being the most prevalent（34 strains，47.22%），followed by the Mycobacterium abscessus complex（13 strains，18.06%）；resistance to macrolides was detected in 6 cases，while no resistance to aminoglycosides was found. It took 9 to 45 days for BALF MGIT 960 culture to identify NTM，and took 7 to 15 days for NTM typing and drug sensitivity testing. By BALF MGIT 960 culture，28 NTM strains were identified；and 1 case was found to be resistant to macrolides. Using confirmed diagnosis as the gold standard，MALDI-TOF MS demonstrated higher sensitivity，negative predictive value，and agreement rate compared to MGIT 960 culture（84.85% vs. 42.42%，81.13% vs. 56.32%，80.49% vs. 62.60%， χ2=25.667，8.998，9.664， P<0.05 or <0.01）. The area under ROC curve（AUC）for MALDI-TOF MS was significantly higher than that of MGIT 960 culture（0.801 vs. 0.642， Z=3.300， P=0.001）. Conclusion:Compared to MGIT 960 culture，MALDI-TOF MS exhibits superior diagnostic efficiency in detecting NTM pulmonary disease in patients with acid-fast bacilli smear-negative sputum，with advantage of rapidly identifying NTM species and resistance.

Objective To study the effect of the 18kDa translocator protein (TSPO) on U251cells of human glioma. Methods U251 cell line was cultured in vitro conventionally.The specific ligand ofTSPO,pk11195,was used in 5 experimental groups respectively with concentrations of 100,50,25,12.5 and 6.25 μmol/L,in comparison with a control group.MTr colorimetry and trypan blue staining were used to detect cell proliferation.Hoechst33342 staining and flow cytometry were applied to detect cell apoptosis. Western blotting and immumofluorescence method were used to detect the expression level of TSPO. DCFH-DA probe and GSH kit were used to respectively detect the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and GSH level in cells.Jc-1 staining was applied to detect the mitochondrial membrane potential.Luciferase enzyme was used to detect the quantity of ATP in cells. Results MTT showed the survival of U251 cells was significantly higher in the groups of 50 and 25 μmol/L pk11195than in the control group (P＜0.05). Trypan blue staining showed the cell death rate was significantlylower in the group of 50 μmol/L pk11195 than in the control group (P＜0.05).The apoptosis rate,TSPO expression,ROS and GSH levels decreased significantly in the groups of 6.25 and 50 μmol/L pk11195,compared with the control group; the apoptosis rate was significantly lower in the group of 50 μmol/Lpk11195 than in the group of 6.25 μmol/L pk11195 (P＜0.05).The cell membrane potential and ATP quantity were significantly higher in the groups of 6.25 and 50 μmol/L pk11195 than in the control group,and those in the group of 50 μmol/L pk11195 were significantly higher than in the group of 6.25 μmol/Lpk11195 (P＜0.05). Conclusion TSPO may promote apoptosis of U251 cells in human glioma and inhibit proliferation of glioma cells,functioning similarly as a cancer suppressor gene.