A L-histidine producing mutant was derived from Corynebacterium glutamicum HZ4221(TRA R DCP R AMT R histidase - )by means of mutagenesis with N-methy-N′-nitro- N-nitrosoguanidine(NTG).Contrast to original strain,the amount of histidine accumulation reached to a level of 5.31g/L in a medium containing 80g/Lglucose and 30g/L ammonium sulfate after cultured for 72 hours; the transketolase activity reduced to a degree of 15.7%.The utilization of the carbon sources,genetic stability,effect of metal ions were also been investigated in this paper.

Hyperlipidemia is an important risk factor of cardio-/cerebrovascular disease, and reducing lipids has become an important project for itsclinical preventing and treating. Western medicine, with its confirmative efficacy and clear mechanism, has played an irreplaceable role. Along with the development of modern medicine, integrative medicine has gradually become a growing trend in regulating blood lipids metabolism. It not only could make up the insufficient power for Chinese medicine in lowering lipids, but also could reduce adverse reactions and economic costs brought by long-term administration of Western medicine. As a modern practitioner of Chinese medicine, we should keep clear that integrative medicine regulating blood lipids metabolism does not mean a simple combination of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine. We should treat it guided by systematic theories. We combine disease identification and syndrome differentiation, guide lipids lowering by integrative medicine including selecting Western drugs for blood lipids lowering, Chinese medical prescriptions for syndrome typing, and effective Chinese herbs based on modern pharmacologies.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Humans ; Integrative Medicine ; Lipids ; blood ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Risk Factors

In this paper, metabolic networks of the Corynebacterium glutamicum GWY020 and the two de-rivatives carrying additional mutations HUI821and GUI089 were established and modified. The concentra-tions of extra-cellular metabolites were determined under sub-steady-state (50 h~52 h) of the batch culture. The metabolic flux distribution maps of the three strains were obtained, compared and analyzed. These re-sults indicate that the introduction of analog supersensitive marker or analog resistant marker skew the metabolic flux towards the formation of L-Arginine. This study revealed the usefulness of the metabolic flux analysis as a tool for verification of existing production strains. The analysis may play an important role in helping us to rationally re-design metabolism for further improvement of fermentation process.

AIM:To investigate the serum antibody of aquaporin 4 ( AQP4 - Ab ) in positive expression rate and the significance in patients with neuritis.
●METHODS: A total of 98 cases ( 128 eyes ) of patients with optic neuritis were studied to detect the patient′s serum AQP4-Ab positive rate of antinuclear antibodies ( ANAs) from Jan. 2012 to Dec. 2015 in ophthalmology center of our hospital. According to the expression of AQP4 - Ab group, the best corrected visual acuity between the two groups, peripapillary nerve fiber layer thickness (pRNFL), the volume of the macula, macular RNFL ( mRNFL ) , macular core layer volume ( mlNL ) measurement were compared.
●RESULTS:Ninety-eight patients (128 eyes) with optic neuritis cases diagnosed through examination revealed AQP4-Ab positive in 22 patients ( 22%) , negative in 76 patients ( 78%) , ANAs positive in 21 patients ( 21%) , negative 77 patients ( 79%) . Optic neuritis patients with serum AQP4 - Ab positive rate and ANAs positive significant correlation ( r = 0. 707, P < 0. 05 ). After examination revealed AQP4-Ab patients and negative-positive patients with best corrected visual acuity difference was not statistically significance (P>0. 05). After inspection found pRNFL, macular volume measured value AQP4 - Ab positive patients were significantly less than the negative patients, the differences were statistically significant (P<0. 05). AQP4-Ab positive patients and negative patients the mRNFL, mlNL measured values were not significantly different (P>0. 05).
●CONCLUSION:AQP4-Ab and ANAs expression in optic neuritis patients is a significant correlation. AQP4-Ab positive patients with optic neuritis pRNFL thinning of macular volume are decreased compared with negative patients.

Autonomic Nervous System Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Colon ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Enteric Nervous System ; abnormalities ; pathology ; Hirschsprung Disease ; pathology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Intestinal Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; metabolism ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism

Adult ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal ; pathology ; Bone Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Chondroblastoma ; pathology ; Chondrosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Femur Head ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Osteosarcoma ; pathology ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism

BACKGROUND:Retinoid X receptor (RXR) plays a central role in the regulation of intracellular receptor signaling pathways. The activation of RXR has protective effect on H2O2-induced apoptosis of H9c2 ventricular cells in rats. But the protective effect and mechanism of activating RXR in cardiomyocytes against hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced oxidative iniury are stillunclear. METHODS:The model of H/R injury was established through hypoxia for 2 hours and reoxygenation for 4 hours in H9c2 cardiomyocytes of rats. 9-cis-retinoic acid (9-cis RA) was obtained as an RXR agonist, and HX531 as an RXR antagonist. Cultured cardiomyocytes were randomly divided into four groups:sham group, H/R group, H/R+9-cis RA -pretreated group (100 nmol/L 9-cis RA), and H/R+9-cis RA+HX531-pretreated group (2.5 μmol/L HX531). The cellviability was measured by MTT, apoptosis rate of cardiomyocytes by flow cytometry analysis, and mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) by JC-1 fluorescent probe, and protein expressions of Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved caspase-9 with Western blotting. Allmeasurement data were expressed as mean±standard deviation, and analyzed using one-way ANOVA and the Dunnett test. Differences were considered significant whenP was <0.05. RESULTS:Pretreatment with RXR agonist enhanced cellviability, reduced apoptosis ratio, and stabled ΔΨm. Dot blotting experiments showed that under H/R stress conditions, Bcl-2 protein level decreased, while Bax and cleaved caspase-9 were increased. 9-cis RA administration before H/R stress prevented these effects, but the protective effects of activating RXR on cardiomyocytes against H/R induced oxidative injury were abolished when pretreated with RXR pan-antagonist HX531. CONCLUSION:The activation of RXR has protective effects against H/R injury in H9c2 cardiomyocytes of rats through attenuating signaling pathway of mitochondria apoptosis.

Objective To evaluate the value of increased threshold of SUVmax and delayed imaging on diluted and filled bladder for improving the detection of bladder cancer with 18F-FDG PET/CT.Methods From July 2007 to October 2012,18 F-FDG PET/CT was performed on 63 suspected or treated (with bladder preserved) bladder cancer patients (55 males,8 females,average age 69.1 years).After routine imaging,all patients were given 1 500-2 000 ml of water orally three times and voided three times.Then they underwent delayed pelvic imaging at a full bladder status.The routine images were reanalyzed with increased SUVmax threshold (from 6-8 to 8-20).The final diagnosis was confirmed by pathology or follow-up (＞6 months).The differences of SUVmax in urine,18 F-FDG metabolism in lesions between routine and delayed imaging were compared.Paired t test was used to compare their differences.Results The SUVmax of urine on routine and delayed imaging was 15.11±11.11 and 4.73±2.00 respectively (t=4.15,P＜0.01).Among the 63 patients,there were 15 malignant and 3 benign cases confirmed by pathology,and 45 patients without obvious abnormality during follow-up.All 18 cases were detected by 18F-FDG PET/CT including the 3 benign false positive cases (2 were positive by CT though negative by PET,and 1 FDG-avid cystitis).All 15 true positive cases were confirmed as primary or recurrent bladder carcinoma and 1 false positive case as inflammation.The detection rates of early imaging with routine and increased display threshold of SUVmax were 18.8％(3/16) and 43.8％(7/16),respectively.Conclusion Increased SUVmax threshold for display and delayed imaging with diluted urine under full bladder status could effectively improve the detection rate of primary or recurrent bladder cancer with 18F-FDG PET/CT.

Objective To investigate the synergistic efficacy of different antibiotic combinations against KPC-2 carbapenemase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae strains in vitro and search for effective antibiotic combination.Methods During 2008 - 2009,a total of 24 strains of K.pneumoniae producing KPC-2 carbapenemase were collected from 8 hospitals in the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical School of Zhejiang University,Ningbo LiHuiLi Hospital,Zhejiang People's Hospital,Hangzhou Third Hospital,the Second Hospital of Shaoxing,Hangzhou First Hospital,Fudan University Huashan Hospital,General Hospital of Nanjing Military Region.MLST technique was used for epidemiological analysis.The MIC of antibiotics,such as amikacin,minocycline,imipenem,amoxicillin/clavulanic-acid,ceftazidime,meropenem,gentamicin,cefoxitin,cefepime,rifampicin,polymyxinB,ciprofloxacin were determined by an agar dilution method,the MIC of tigecycline and piperacillin/tazobactain were determined by Etest.The antibacterial activities of cefepime in combination with amoxicillin/clavulanic-acid,amikacin,or ciprofloxacin,amikacin with ciprofloxacin,imipenem with amikacin,ciprofloxacin,polymyxinB,or minocycline,polymyxin B with rifampicin,ceftazidime with amoxicillin/clavulanic-acid were assessed by chequerboard synergy agar dilution tests against all the isolates.Results MLST showed 5 STs among 24 strains of KPC-2 carbapenemase producing K.pneumoniae,and the most prevalent clone was ST11 (15 strains).All isolates were susceptible to polymyxin B and tigecycline,and the resistance rate of minocycline was 4.2％.The synergetic effects were observed in cefepime-amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,imipenem-amikacin,ceftazidime-amoxicillin/clavulanic acid combinations as 19 isolates,13 isolates,and 13 isolates,respectively.Conclusions KPC-2 carbapenemase producing K.pneumoniae is sensitive to polymyxin B,tigecycline and minocycline.The synergetic effect is predominant in cefepime-amoxicillin/clavulanic acid,imipenem-amikacin ceftazidime-amoxicillin/clavulanic acid combinations in vitro,their clinical efficacy are worthy of further observation.

Objective To detection the urine of bacteria hyphae and intracellular bacterial communities in patients with indwelling urinary catheter and discuss intracellular bacterial comnmunities in the pathogenesis of catheter-related urinary tract infection.Methods From May 2014 to February 2016,95 cases with D-J stent indwelling were enrolled in this study,including 38 male patients and 57 female patients.The mean age was (43 ±21)years old,ranging from 25 to 83 years old.We recorded those patient g clinical symptoms,middle urine culture results.If the middle urine culture was positive,further pathology test and scanning electron microscopy for bacteria hyphae and intracellular bacterial communities would be considered.Results The middle urine culture showed positive in 21 cases (22％,21/95);The classification of bacteria included E.coli in 11 cases,dung enterococcus in 2 cases,klebsiella pneumonia in 4 cases,pseudomonas aeruginosa in 3 cases,epidermis staphylococcus aureus in 1 case.Among those 21 patients,9 cases had the symptoms of fever and shiver.Urine pathology testing found hyphae in 6 cases (6％,6/95).all others were E.coli infection.For scanning electron microscope,6 cases were found rodshaped bacteria and hyphae.3 cases were found intracellular bacterial communities.Conclusions The presence of intracellular bacterial communities made urothelial itself the source of endogenous bacteria of urinary tract infection.Catheter-related urinary tract infections in patients with recurrence maybe basically homology bacteria.