AIM: To observe the clinical effect of Toric intraocular lens(Toric IOL)implantation in the correction of corneal astigmatism, and vector analysis of residual astigmatism and corneal astigmatism.

METHODS: A retrospective case observation study. A total of 63 patients with 77 eyes who underwent phacoemulsification combined with Toric IOL implantation in our hospital from September 2018 to October 2019 were selected. LogMAR uncorrected distance visual acuity(UCDVA), best corrected distance visual acuity(BCDVA), residual astigmatism of subjective refraction were observed after operation in 1wk, 1mo, and 3mo. And after dilated pupil, the Toric IOL axis position was measured by OPD-scanⅢ, and compared with the target axis position(LAD).

RESULTS: The median(interquartile range)of UCDVA at 1wk, 1mo, and 3mo after operation were 0.22(0.15, 0.40), 0.30(0.15,0.40),and 0.30(0.15, 0.40), which were better than those of UCDVA \〖0.82(0.60, 1.22)\〗 and BCDVA \〖0.52(0.30, 0.70)\〗 before operation(P<0.008). The residual astigmatism was 0.75(0.50, 1.00), 0.75(0.38, 1.00), 0.50(0.25, 1.00)D, respectively, which was significantly lower than that of preoperative corneal astigmatism \〖2.19(1.73, 2.69)D\〗(P<0.008). At 3mo after surgery, the proportion of UCDVA(LogMAR)≤0.301 was 69%; the proportion of residual astigmatism ≤0.75D was 73%. The median LAD at 1wk, 1mo, and 3mo after surgery were 2.0°, 2.0°, and 3.0°; 81%, 82%, 77% were less than 5°. The maximum LAD value is 11°. Astigmatism vector analysis: preoperative corneal astigmatism was 2.31±0.80D, centroid value was 1.44D@177°±1.99D; Predicted postoperative residual astigmatism was 0.14±0.17D, centroid value was 0.02D@58°±0.22D; residual astigmatism at 3mo after operation was 0.69±0.53D, centroid value was 0.05D@142°±0.88D.

CONCLUSION: Toric IOL can effectively correct corneal astigmatism in patients with cataract and has good rotational stability. Astigmatism vector analysis can directly show the difference between predicting postoperative astigmatism and actual residual astigmatism, which is helpful to analyze and optimize the measurement of corneal astigmatism, calculation of IOL degree, surgical design, postoperative observation.

Effects of dietary supplementation with fructooligosaccharides on the excretion of nitrogen and phosphorus in Miichthys miiuy fries were investigated. Nine hundred Miichthys miiuy fries were divided into 3 groups, each with triplicates. The basal diet and the basal diet supplemented with carnitine groups were considered as the negative and positive controls respectively. Results showed that the nitrogen concentration in excreted feces decreased significantly in fries fed the diet supplementation with 1000 x 10(-6) fructooligosaccharides and 200 x 10(-6) carnitine (P<0.05). The ammonic-nitrogen concentration decreased significantly in the carnitine group only (P<0.05), indicating the decreasing tendency caused by the supplementation with fructooligosaccharides. Supplementation with both did not have significant effects on the concentration of phosphorus in feces of Miichthys miiuy fries.
Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Dietary Supplements ; Feces ; Fishes ; metabolism ; Nitrogen ; metabolism ; Oligosaccharides ; administration & dosage ; Phosphorus ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of pBBADs-OXM-transformed bifidobacteria on the body weight of obese mice.

METHODSB. longum was transformed with pBBADs-OXM by electroporation, and arabopyranose-induced oxyntomodulin expression by the bacterium was detected by ELISA. pBBADs-OXM-transformed bifidobacteria was administered orally obese mice on a daily basis with pBBADs-GFP-transformed bifidobacteria as the negative control, and the body weight changes of the mice were observed.

RESULTSOXM was detected by ELISA not only in the supernatant but also the precipitant of the transformed bacterial culture. The body weight of the obese mice fed with pBBADs-OXM-transformed bifidobacteria decreased significantly compared with that of the mice in the obese model group (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONAdministration of pBBADs-OXM-transformed B.longum can reduce the body weight of obese mice.

Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Appetite Depressants ; administration & dosage ; metabolism ; Bifidobacterium ; genetics ; metabolism ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Electroporation ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Obesity ; drug therapy ; Oxyntomodulin ; administration & dosage ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Random Allocation ; Recombinant Proteins ; administration & dosage ; biosynthesis ; genetics

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of bronchial blocker outside the endotracheal tube for one-lung ventilation (OLV) in pediatric patients. Methods Thirty-eight American Society of Anesthe-siologists physical status ⅠorⅡ patients of both sexes, aged 4-8 yr, weighing 14. 0-28. 6 kg, scheduled for elective thoracic surgery under general anesthesia, were enrolled in this study. The size of tracheal tube was selected according to the endotracheal diameter at the level of clavicle and sternum on chest X-ray. Af-ter anesthesia induction, the distal end of the bronchial blocker was bent toward the target bronchus with a videolaryngoscope and then inserted until resistance was felt, and the preselected tracheal tube was inserted with a videolaryngoscope at a depth of (age∕2+12) cm. The position of the bronchial blocker was adjusted using a bronchofiberscope so that the upper edge of the blue cuff was 0. 5-1. 0 cm below the carina. The heart rate, mean arterial pressure, SpO2and airway pressure were recorded, arterial blood gas analysis was performed, and PaCO2and PaO2were recorded immediately before OLV (T1), at 30 min after OLV (T2) and at the end of OLV (T3). The intubation time, success rate of intubation at first attempt, displacement of bronchial blocker and occurrence of postoperative laryngeal pain and hoarseness were recorded. The pul-monary collapse was evaluated according to the standard described by Campos.Results Compared with the baseline at T1, PaO2was significantly decreased and airway pressure was increased at T2,3(P＜0. 05), and no significant change was found in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, PaCO2or SpO2at T2,3( P＞0. 05). The average intubation time was (185±38) s. The success rate of intubation at first attempt, rate of bronchial blocker displacement, excellent and good rates of pulmonary collapse and incidence of laryngeal pain and hoarseness were 95%, 16%, 100% and 11%, respectively. Conclusion Bronchial blocker outside the endotracheal tube can be effectively used for OLV in pediatric patients.

Objective： There were variations of EBV genome from different areas and they may affect the biologic function of EBV (such as LMP1). EBV-BARF0 was highly detected in the patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) and it s variations have not been reported. This study was designed to determine the sequence and variation of EBV-BARF0 gene in the patieats with NPC from Guangdong area. Methods： PCR was used to amplify the EBV-BARF0 gene in 20 patients with NPC and the productions were sequenced on the ABI377. Results： Comparing with standard B95-8, there were four loci with variances including： 160473 （ G→ T） , 160545 （ C→ T） , 160701 （ C→ A） , 160707 （ G→ C） of sequences and 2 （ Ala→ Ser） , 26 （ Leu→ Phe） , 78 （ Arg→ Ser） , 80 （ Ala→ Pro） of amino acid in 20 patients with NPC. Conclusion： Since the BARF0 gene of EBV is expressed in all nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line and biopsies, but it is not expressed or less frequenly in lymphoma tissues and cell lines,the authors firstly reported the variation of EBV-BARF0 which compared with B95-8 in the patieats with NPC from Guangdong area. These suggest that the gene may play an important role in the carcinogenesis and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

BACKGROUNDInterstitial lung disease (ILD) is a serious lung complication in polymyositis (PM) and dermatomyositis (DM) which affects prognosis and requires a more aggressive approach in therapy. This study investigated the prevalence, characteristics, predictive factors and unfavourable prognostic factors of ILD in newly diagnosed PM, DM and amyopathic DM (ADM).

METHODSFrom January 2000 to December 2008, the medical records of 197 consecutive PM and DM patients at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University were reviewed excluding overlapping, juvenile, and malignancy-associated cases. The patients were assigned to an ILD (69 patients) and a non-ILD group (128 patients). The clinical features, laboratory findings, and prognosis were compared.

RESULTSThe multivariate analysis indicated that older age at onset (OR 1.033, 95%CI 1.009 - 1.058, P = 0.007), fever (OR 4.109, 95%CI 1.926 - 8.767, P < 0.001) and arthritis/arthralgia (OR 2.274, 95%CI 1.101 - 4.695, P = 0.026) were the independent predictive factors for developing ILD in PM/DM after excluding anti-Jo-1. Regarding anti-Jo-1, fever (OR 4.912, 95%CI 2.121 - 11.376, P < 0.001) was associated with ILD. Poor survival in ILD patients was associated with ILD clinical subset (RR 0.122, 95%CI 0.049 - 0.399, P < 0.001), ADM/DM/PM-ILD (RR 0.140, 95%CI 0.031 - 0.476, P = 0.002), cardiac involvement (RR 4.654, 95%CI 1.391 - 15.577, P = 0.013) and serum albumin level (RR 0.910, 95%CI 0.831 - 0.997, P = 0.042).

CONCLUSIONSPatients who presented with fever tended to have a higher frequency of PM/DM-associated ILD. A Hamman-Rich-like presentation, ADM-ILD, cardiac involvement and hypoalbuminemia were poor prognostic factors in ILD-PM/DM.

Adult ; Aged ; Dermatomyositis ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Lung Diseases, Interstitial ; etiology ; mortality ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymyositis ; complications ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVETo explore potential epigenetic biomarkers for toxic effects, tumor-related chemical prevention and biological monitor by a genome-wide screening for differential DNA methylation during human cell malignant transformation in vitro.

METHODSThe two in vitro cell transformation models included B(a)P-induced human bronchial epithelial cell introduced by H-Ras (HBER) cell transformation and simian vacuolating virus 40 small T antigen induced (SV40 ST-induced) HBER cell transformation. Methylated genes were collected by methylated DNA immunoprecipitation and whole genome amplification (MeDIP-WGA) at three time points during cell transformation which represented different transformation stage. Then, CpG island microarray was used to screen differentially methylated genes. The mRNA levels of hypermethylated genes were also observed by RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe CpG island microarray showed that the number of hypermethylated genes in HBER, HBERNT, HBERT cells were 733, 661 and 738 respectively.83 genes were hypermethylated in pre-transformed cell and transformed cell. Moreover, 25 of 83 genes were also hypermethylated in SV40 ST-transformed cell (HBERST). We further confirmed that the mRNA expression of six of these 25 genes, namely family with sequence similarity 178, member A (FAM178A), retinoic acid receptor responder (tazarotene induced) (RARRES1), ubiquitin specific peptidase 28 (USP28), Scm-like with four mbt domains 2 (SFMBT2), family with sequence similarity 59, member A (FAM59A) and nuclear receptor subfamily 4, group A, member 3 (NR4A3) were suppressed during B(a)P-induced transformation.

CONCLUSIONThe abnormal hypermethylation of specific genes was a common event in the two kinds of human cell transformation models, which shed light on the study for chemical exposure monitor and tumor-related epigenetic biomarkers.

Biomarkers ; analysis ; Carcinogens, Environmental ; analysis ; Cell Line ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; genetics ; CpG Islands ; DNA Methylation ; Epigenesis, Genetic ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genome ; Humans

OBJECTIVETo investigate the feasibility of real-time elastography for quantitative evaluation of liver fibrosis in a rat model.

METHODSA total of 70 male Wistar rats were included in the group for dimethylnitrosamine (DMN)-induced liver injury, and 10 saline-injected rats were used as normal control. Hepatic injury was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of DMN at a dose of 50 mg/kg of body weight. Nine or ten rats in the group with DNM injected and one or two rats in the normal control group were randomly selected and sacrificed at each of the following post-injection time: day 5, 7, 10, 14, 21, 24, and 28. And their livers were taken for pathology analysis. All the rats underwent real-time elastography before sacrificed in order to acquire area ratio of low-strain region (% AREA) and liver fibrosis index (LF index) which were compared with the stage of liver fibrosis and grade of necroinflammatory pathologically. By the different data, Spearman correlation analysis, rank-sum test or receiver operating characteristic curve was used.

RESULTSAmong 58 successfully modeled rats, there were nine, 13, 14 and 12 rats of S1, S2, S3 and S4 liver fibrosis on pathology, respectively, which were with or without mild necroinflammatory. The other 10 rats were found to be S0 with severe necroinflammatory. Values of LF index and % AREA both increased with liver fibrosis stage (P less than 0.05). There was certain correlation between LF index and liver fibrosis stage (r=0.643, P=0.000), so was % AREA and liver fibrosis stage (r=0.662, P=0.000). As for LF index, Areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (Az) was 0.943, 0.890, 0.743 and 0.821 for the diagnosis of hepatic fibrosis S1 or higher, S2 or higher, S3 or higher and S4, respectively; as for % AREA, they were 0.948, 0.883, 0.772 and 0.842, respectively. However, we found a significant difference for LF index or % AREA between S0 with and without severe inflammatory activity rats (P=0.005 and P=0.017).

CONCLUSIONReal-time elastography is available for quantitative assessment of liver fibrosis in rats induced by DMN, but severe inflammatory activity can affect its accuracy.

Animals ; Dimethylnitrosamine ; adverse effects ; Elasticity Imaging Techniques ; Liver ; pathology ; Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental ; chemically induced ; pathology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficiency, feasibility and safety of gasless endoscopic thyroid surgery through compared research.

METHODSFrom July 2001 to Oct. 2005, 83 cases that had received gasless endoscopic thyroid surgery were compared with 80 cases that had received conventional surgery and analyzed on operating time, blood loss, cosmetic effects, complications and costs.

RESULTSCompared with conventional thyroid surgery, endoscopic thyroid surgery group had better cosmetic effects. There was only minimal neck wound or even no neck wound. The cost of hospitalization in the endoscopic group was higher than that in the conventional group (10,844 +/- 2373) RMB and (7585 +/- 1081) RMB respectively (t = -7.23, P < 0.001). The endoscopic group had less blood loss than the conventional group (25 +/- 21) ml and (36 +/- 23) ml respectively (t = 3.160, P < 0.01), but had longer operating time (107 +/- 30) min and(79 +/- 19) min respectively (t = -7.225, P < 0.01). However, when the surgeon had got more experiences and applied the advanced harmonic scalpel, the operative time and blood loss reduced obviously.

CONCLUSIONSCompared with conventional thyroid surgery, gasless endoscopic thyroid surgery has the major advantage that it has cosmetic effect and has small or no scar left on neck. It can be concluded that this technique was efficiency, feasibility and safety. It can offer another choice for the thyroid neoplasms patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Thyroid Diseases ; surgery ; Thyroid Gland ; surgery ; Thyroidectomy ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the diagnostic value of multi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) three dimensional (3D) reconstruction for maxillofacial diseases.

METHODSSixty patients with maxillofacial diseases underwent the scanning of MSCT with 3D reconstruction. Among them, 34 patients with maxillofacial fracture, 10 patients with maxillofacial tumors and tumor-like diseases, and 16 patients with congenital deformities. The MSCT scanned with slice thickness of 2 mm. The methods of 3D reconstruction included multi-planar reconstruction (MPR), shaded surface display (SSD), and volume rendering (VR). The results were compared with what was observed during operations.

RESULTSTotally 36 cases of maxillofacial fracture were shown by 2D or 3D imaging and were validated by the observations during operation. The MSCT with 3D reconstruction imaging was significantly superior to 2D axial imaging in maxillofacial fracture. Three dimensional imaging could clearly show the spacial anatomy of facial, fragment displacement, and tracing fracture lines. However, 2D imaging had better effectiveness than 3D imaging in observing deep structure and fine fracture. In maxillofacial tumors and tumor-like diseases, 3D imaging was significantly superior to 2D axial imaging in showing the tumor shape and spacial relationships between tumors and surrounding structures. Two dimensional imaging and MPR imaging were excellent to reveal internal structure and pathological changes of tumors. 2D imaging and MPR imaging also achieved better results in showing tumors extended to soft tissues. In maxillofacial congenital deformities, 3D imaging were superior than 2D imaging.

CONCLUSION3D imaging has an important value in the diagnosis and clinical assessment of maxillofacial fracture, tumor-like diseases, and congenital deformities.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional ; methods ; Male ; Mandibulofacial Dysostosis ; diagnostic imaging ; Maxillofacial Abnormalities ; diagnostic imaging ; Maxillofacial Injuries ; diagnostic imaging ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tomography, Spiral Computed ; methods