Objective: To study the effect and action mechanism of Liuwei Dihuang(LW)active fraction combi- nation(LW-AFC)on learning and memory impairment of neuroinflammatory model induced by lipopolysaccharide(LPS). Methods: The C57 mice were randomly divided into control group, model group, positive drug group and test groups ac- cording to their autonomic activity and body mass. The mice in the test groups were orally given LW[1.17 g/(kg•d)]and LW-AFC[1.6 g/(kg•d)]for two weeks in advance. The spatial learning and memory ability of the mice in each group were evaluated by Morris water maze test;immunofluorescence was used to observe the activation of microglia in the brain;Luminex 200 was used to detect the level of inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood and hippocampus. Results: LW-AFC could improve the spatial learning and memory impairment induced by a single intraperitoneal injection (ip)of LPS(P<0.05); the activation of glial cells in the brain was inhibited(P<0.01);the levels of IL-6 and MCP-1 in the hippocampus were reduced(P<0.05). Conclusion: LW-AFC could reduce the neuroinflammation caused by the activation of microglia in brain, but could not effectively ameliorate the spatial learning and memory impairment caused by the activation of microglia in hippocampus.

Objective To compare the effects of antenatal ambroxol and 3-day dexamethasone and 1-day dexamethasone on rats′ fetal lung morphogenesis.Methods Twelve pregnant rats were divided into 4 groups randomly:3-day ambroxol group,3-day dexamethasone group,1-day dexamethasone group and control group,every group had 3 rats.On gestational day 19,cesareans were carried out and the histologic structures of 6 fetal rats lungs of each pregnant rats were observed with light microscope,electronic microscope and image analysis.Results 1.Under the light microscope,compared with control group,fetal rats lung in three treatment groups had more alveolar numbers,larger alveolar space,and thinner alveolar septum(Pa

Background Studies demonstrated that human amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) have some characteristics of embryonic stem cells and they were used to re-establish the surface of eyes. Human AECs may serve as new seed cells in tissue engineering for corneal epithelium reconstitution in the future. Objective The present study was to investigate the application value of human amniotic epithelium cells transfected by lentiviral vectormediated enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) gene as new seed cell source for engineering the corneal surfacelayer. Methods Lentiviral vector carrying the objective gene EGFP was transfected into human amniotic epithelial cells (pLenti6/V5-DEST),and the transient expression of the transgene in the human amniotic epithelial cells was observed under the fluorescence microscope. Flow cytometry was used to detect the positive expression rates of EGFP in transfected cells. The transfected human amniotic epithelial cells were seeded onto the fresh corneal stromal surface of New Zealand white rabbit and cultured in vitro. The stem cell deficiency ( SCD ) models were established by cutting off the limbus of cornea in 20 eyes of New Zealand white rabbits, and the model rabbits were then divided into 2 groups randomly. The transplanted grafts carrying the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP gene-transferred human amniotic epithelium cells were regarded as the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP group, and the corneal stroma graft without any epithelial cell served as the control group. The opacity of stroma and corneal conjunctivalization and vascularization were observed daily. The rabbits' eyes were extracted one month after operation. The expression of EGFP in the cornea was detected under the fluorescence microscope, and the expression of CK8, CK18 and CK12 in cornea was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Results The shape of the transferred human amniotic epithelial cells resembled normal human amniotic epithelial cells. 48 hours after the transient transfection of EGFP presented with the highest expression level throughout the observation duration, with a positive expression rate of EGFP of 61.5% ,showing significant differences in comparison with that of 12 ( 5.24% ) , 24 ( 38.27% ) or 96 ( 39. 10% ) hours ( P ＜0. 05) post-transfection; but no obvious difference was found in the positive rate of transiently transfected EGFP between 48 hours and 72 hours ( 58.36% ) ( P＞0. 05 ). Six cornea grafts were clear in 1 month and two corneas were rejected during the observation period in the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP group. A few new blood vessels were seen around the graft. Ten corneas of the control group became opaque and cloudy with new blood vessels growth around the grafts. Imunohistochemistry revealed the positive expressions of CK8, CK1 8 and CK12 in the corneal epithelial layer in the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP group. However,the expression of CK12 was absent in the control group. Conclusion Human amniotic epithelium cells transfected with the pLenti6/V5-DEST-EGFP gene is a new and ideal feed cell type to reconstruct the corneal surface layer. Lentivirus is a relatively safe gene transfection vector.

Objective To explore the treatment of non-remission of trigeminal neuralgia after microvascular decompression (MVD). Methods The data of 50 patients with trigeminal neuralgia from 2005 to 2009 were reviewed and analyzed; those with non-remission of trigeminal neuralgia after MVD were performed percutaneous shutdown of trigeminal cistern with glycerol via foramen ovale. The operative efficacy was compared. Results Three (6%) patients were noted with non-remission outcomes: 2 with blood vessel compression were performed MVD and 1 without blood vessels compression did not receive MVD procedure; all these 3 patients had thicken adhesion of the arachnoid.The pain was remitted after the showdown operation. Conclusion Percutaneous shutdown oftrigeminal cistern with glycerol is a safe and effective surgical method for patients with non-remission oftrigeminal neuralgia after MVD.

Background Researches showed that the incidence rate of cataract is high in the nickel mining area. Nickel sulphate can apparently inhibit the metabolism and proliferation of human lens epithelium cells. But the study on the injury mechanism of nickel on lens is still seldom. Objective Present study was to investigate the effect of nickel sulphate on the lens of SD rats. Methods Forty-five SPF SD rats aged from 7 to 14 days were grouped randomly into subcutaneous injection group, intraperitoneal injection group and blank group. Nickel sulphate of 2 g/L ( 10 mg/kg) was subcutaneously or intraperitonealy injected for 45 days. The opacity of rat lens was examined under the slit lamp at two-week interval and scored based on the criteria of LOCS II and LOCS III. The rats were sacrificed in 45 days after experiment and the lens were obtained for the pathological examination. Result The mean score of the anterior subcapsule opacity of rat lens was obviously higher in subcutaneous injection group compared with blank control group with a significant difference between them (t= 14. 311, P < 0. 05 ) , but no significant difference in the anterior subcapsule opacity between intraperitoneal injection group and blank control group (t = 4. 355 , P>0. 05 ). The score of posterior subcapsule opacity of lens were evidently higher in both subcutaneous injection group and intraperitoneal injection group than the blank control group (t = 9. 316,P = 0. 004;t = 7. 464, P = 0. 009) ,so was the mean score of the anterior +posterior subcapsule opacities(t = 23. 387,P=0. 000;t= 10. 533,P = 0. 002) and the total score of rat lens opacity ( t = 12. 358 , P = 0. 001; t = 10. 188 , P = 0. 003 ) . No significant differences were found in cortex opacity score and nuclear opacity score among three groups ( P > 0.05 ). Histopathology examination revealed that the degeneration of lens collagen protein was more serious in subcutaneous injection group and intraperitoneal injection group than the blank control group,and the injury degree of lens collagen protein was more dominant in subcutaneous injection group. Conclusion System administration of nickel sulphate induced the injury of anterior and posterior subcapsule of lens in SD rat.

OBJECTIVE: To compare peripheral T lymphocyte apoptosis of chronic bronchitis during an acute episode with that during a stable period. METHODS: Seventeen Chronic Btonchitis patients who presented to the ER with an acute episode were compared with 10 stable Chronic Bronchitis patients seen in the out-patient clinic. Peripheral venous blood was obtained from each patient and T lymphocytes were separated by fluorescent monoclonal antibodies. CD3, CD95 and CD25 were measured by flow cytometry. RESULTS: In the acute episode patients, the total quantity of T lymphocytes with CD3 was (42.63 +/-16.37) and with CD95 (14.15 +/-11.06). In the stable group T lymphocyte CD3 was (64.22 +/-23.90) and CD95 (34.88 +/-8.92) (t=-4.238, P <0.001; t=-8.796, P <0.001). The total quantity of Lymphocyte CD25 did not differ significantly between the two groups (P > 0.05). Total quantity of active T lymphocytes with CD3/CD25 was lower in the acute episode group (6.26 +/-3.94) compared to the stable group (10.52 +/-3143) (t=-1.068, P <0.05). CONCLUSION: T lymphocyte apoptosis increased in Chronic Bronchitis patients who presented with an acute episode. They also experienced a significant disturbance in immune function.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of allergic rhinitis (AR) and its intervention on disease condition and medications in patients with juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE).

METHODSThe clinical data of 96 children diagnosed with JSLE were collected, and according to the presence or absence of AR or other allergic diseases, they were divided into AR group (n=44), non-AR group (n=20), and non-allergic group (n=32). The children in the AR group were randomly administered with or without intervention (n=22 each). All the children were given standard JSLE treatment. The systemic lupus erythematosus disease active index (SLEDAI) and application of hormones and immunosuppressants were compared between groups.

RESULTSThe AR and non-AR groups had significantly higher SLEDAI scores, daily cumulative doses of glucocorticoids, and number of types of immunosuppressants used than the non-allergic group before treatment (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences between the AR and non-AR groups (P>0.05). After one month of treatment, the AR group with intervention had significantly lower SLEDAI scores and daily cumulative doses of glucocorticoids than the AR group without intervention (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the application of immunosuppressants between these two groups (P>0.05). After 3 and 6 months of treatment, the AR group with intervention had significantly lower SLEDAI scores, daily cumulative doses of glucocorticoids, and number of types of immunosuppressants than the AR group without intervention (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSJSLE combined with allergic diseases such as AR has an adverse effect on disease condition and treatment, and the intervention for AR helps with the control of JSLE.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Glucocorticoids ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; therapeutic use ; Interleukin-17 ; blood ; Interleukins ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; drug therapy ; immunology ; Male ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; complications ; Severity of Illness Index

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impact of nutritional status on postoperative outcomes for patients with colorectal cancer.

METHODSData of 289 colorectal cancer patients from the Affiliated Hospital of Putian Medical College between January 2006 and December 2009 were collected prospectively. Nutritional status was evaluated according to Reilly Nutrition Risk Score(Reilly NRS) and Nutrition Risk Screening 2002(NRS-2002).

RESULTSThe postoperative mortality was 3.5%(10/289) and the complication rate was 29.4%(82/297). Patients were stratified into those at nutrition risk(n=89) and those not at risk(n=200) according to Reilly NRS and the two groups were similar in mortality rate(5.6% vs. 2.5%, P>0.05) and complication rate(36.1% vs. 26.5%, P>0.05). When stratified using NRS-2002, patients at nutritional risk(n=105) had a similar mortality rate (5.7% vs. 2.2%, P>0.05) but a higher complication rate(38.4% vs. 24.4%, P<0.05). NRS-2002 remained as an significant predictor of postoperative complications(P=0.007, OR=3.14, 95% CI:1.63-6.29) on multivariable logistic regression analysis.

CONCLUSIONAs a nutritional evaluation tool, NRS-2002 may predict postoperative complication for colorectal cancer.

Colorectal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Nutrition Assessment ; Nutritional Status ; Postoperative Complications ; mortality ; Preoperative Care ; Risk Assessment

AIMTo study the pharmacokinetics of genistein at different doses in Beagle dogs.

METHODSSuspended in 0.5% CMC-Na solution, genistein was orally administered to Beagle dogs at doses of 2.67, 5.34 and 10.68 mg.kg(-1). At various time intervals, 1.5 mL of blood was drawn from the femoral vein of dogs in their front legs. The plasma was treated with beta-glucuronidase. The genistein in plasma was extracted twice by vortexing with 2.0 mL mixture of methyl tert-tubtyl ether and pentane (v/v = 8:2). The organic phase was removed into the tubes and then evaporated in ventilation cabinet. The residue was dissolved in 50 microL of methanol. 20 microL solution was drawn and detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. The pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by 3P97 software.

RESULTSThe plasma drug concentration-time data were fitted to the two-compartment model. When the dose was 2.67 mg.kg(-1), the MRT and AUC of parent compound were 52.9 min and 6.7 mg.min. L(-1), respectively. When the dose rose to 5.34 mg.kg(-1), the MRT and AUC of parent compound became 224.8 min and 26.1 mg.min.L(-1), respectively. However, when the dose increased to 10.68 mg .kg(-1), the MRT and AUC of parent compound increased to 267.7 min and 33.2 mg.min L(-1), respectively. The AUC of glucuronidated genistein was 33.9, 70.1 and 140.5 mg.min.L(-1) at the dose of 2.67, 5.34 and 10.68 mg.kg(-1), respectively.

CONCLUSIONDue to significant first pass metabolism, the drug was mainly existed in the form of glucuronidated genistein in the plasma. With the increase of dose, the absorption of genistein became saturated and the half life prolonged.

Animals ; Anticarcinogenic Agents ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Area Under Curve ; Dogs ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Female ; Genistein ; administration & dosage ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Glucuronides ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Male

OBJECTIVEThis paper presents a statistical method of familial correlation on family data from case-control studies.

METHODSMarginal mean models of the probands and the relatives conditional on the proband's disease status, as well as the marginal association model of the relatives were modeled integrately. Conditional odds-ratio and marginal odds-ratio were used to measure the familial correlation.

RESULTSThe parameter's interpretation in the model was in accordance with sample characteristics. This method is more efficient due to making fully use of information of the probands and relatives. In addition, the method has all advantages of GEE2.

CONCLUSIONThe method in this paper efficiently and conveniently analyzes the family data from case-control studies to estimate the familial correlation on disease.

Bias ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Epidemiologic Methods ; Family Health ; Female ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Odds Ratio ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Risk Factors