OBJECTIVE:To survey and evaluate the present situation and trends of antidiabetic agents used in hospitals of southwest China so as to provide information for the production,sale and consumption units.METHODS:To investigate the antidiabetic agents used in60hospitals of southwest China during the period2000～2002in respect to the sum of money of consumption,Kinds of drugs,DDDs and DDC.RESULTS:In recent3years,the annual increasing rates of consumption of oral antidiabetic agents and insulin injection were14.12%and42.09%,the proportions of costs for the oral antidiabetic agents and insulin injections in total consumption of antidiabetic agents were67.20%and32.78%respectively.CONCLUSION:The use of insulin is increasing quickly and the new dosage has developmental future.The Metformin and Glipizide are the important oral antidiabetic agents.

Objective:To investigate the value of preoperative slight decline of the pulmonary function in predicting postoperative cardiopulmonary complications (PCC) after left total pneumonectomy of lung cancer patients to guide the clinical surgery of lung can-cer. Methods:Clinical data of 200 lung cancer patients after left total pneumonectomy were retrospectively analyzed. These patients were divided into two groups (PCC and non-PCC) based on the incidence of postoperative cardiopulmonary complications within 1 month after the cancer resection. The relationship between the preoperative slight or moderate to severe reduction of pulmonary func-tion and postoperative complications was explored. The correlation between the preoperative slight decline of the pulmonary function index and PCC was also analyzed. Results:Among the 200 patients, 35, 45, and 120 demonstrated normal, slightly, and moderately to severely reduced pulmonary functions, and 28.6%, 53.3%, and 62.5% showed PCC within 1 month after the surgical resection (χ2=12.611, P=0.002). Significant differences in the slightly reduced pulmonary function parameters MVV% (70% ≤ MVV<80%) and FEV1%(70%≤FEV 1%<80%) were observed between those without and with complications (P=0.028 and 0.014). Further analysis indicated no significant difference between the patients with preoperative slight reduction of FEV1%only or of MVV%only (P>0.05). However, statistically significant differences were observed when both FEV1%and MVV%were slightly reduced (χ2=6.598, P=0.010). Conclusion:The preoperative slight reduction values of FEV1%and MVV%were the risk factors in predicting PCC after left pneumo-nectomy in lung cancer patients. The slightly reduced FEV1%or MVV%alone cannot influence PCC. Both slightly reduced FEV1%and MVV%were the risk factors of PCC. Perioperative management should be strengthened for these patients to lower the incidence of PCC.

Objective To determine the effect of tea polyphenols on oxidative damage and (apoptosis) in human bronchial epithelial cells induced by low-dose cigarette smoke condensate (CSC).Methods We prepared CSC. 3-(4,5-dimethyl thiazoly) 2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoliun bromide (MTT) assay was used to determine the growth of cultured human bronchial epithelial cells (HBE135-E6E7). Fluorescent-chemiluminescent analyzer was used to measure cell reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. DNA ladder method was used to detect HBE135-E6E7 apoptosis. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA expression.Results Concentration of intracellular ROS in the CSC group and CSC + TP group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P＜0.01); concentration of intracellular ROS in the CSC + TP group was significantly lower than that in the CSC group (P＜0.01). Apparent DNA breakage of the tail belt appeared in the CSC Group,while only a small amount of DNA breakage of the tail belt appeared in the CSC + TP group. Compared with the control group, Bcl-2 mRNA expression was reduced and Bax mRNA expression was increased in the CSC group (all P＜0.01). Compared with the CSC group, Bcl-2 mRNA expression was increased and Bax mRNA expression was reduced in the CSC+TP group (all P＜0.01). Ratio of Bcl-2 mRNA/ Bax mRNA in the CSC group and CSC+TP group was significantly lower than that in the control group (all P＜0.01).Conclusion TP can antagonize CSC-induced airway epithelial cell apoptosis through the effective removal of ROS, promoting Bcl-2 mRNA expression and inhibiting the expression of Bax mRNA.

Apoptosis ; Female ; Gardening ; Humans ; Leukocytes ; drug effects ; pathology ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Pesticides ; adverse effects

Objective To investigate the expression changes of nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-kB) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1)in rats with severe acute pancreatitis(SAP)and the effect of pretreatment of pioglitazone,a specific peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor?(PPAR?),)ligand, on the development of SAP.Methods Fifty-four SD rats were divided into sham operation group(C), SAP group(A)and pioglitazone pretreatment group(Ⅰ).The SAP was induced by retrograde infusion of 5% sodium taurocholate(0.1 ml/100 g)into the biliopancreatic duct.The rats inⅠgroup were intraperi- toneally injected with pioglitazone(2 mg/100 g)two hours before operation.The rats were sacrificed at 3,6 and 12 hrs,the blood,ascites and pancreatic tissues were collected(6 rats once for each group). The expressions of NF-kB and ICAM-1 in pancreatic tissues were measured by immunochemistry,mean- while the serum amylase,the amount of ascitic,pancreatic wet/dry ratio were measured.The pathologi- cal changes of pancreatic tissues were observed by immunochemistry staining with hematoxylin and eosin and the score of the tissues were evaluated.Results Pretreatment with pioglitazone could significantly attenuated the severity of SAP,including reduction of amylase and ascites,and the mass and pathological scores of the pancreatic tissue were decreased after 6 hrs of medication.The expression of ICAM-1 and NF-kB activity were inhibited.Conclusions Above findings demonstrate that pioglitazone can attenuate the severity of SAP by inhibition of ICAM-1 expression and NF-kB activation.The beneficial effects of pioglitazone might be due to its anti-inflammatory activities.The pioglitazone can be used as a new drug in treatment of SAP.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics of oral single dose adefovir dipivoxil(ADV) tablet in Chinese healthy volunteers.METHODS:The study was a randomized,open,three-way crossover study.Twelve healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to receive single oral dose of 5 mg(Group A),10mg(Group B) or 30 mg(Group C) ADV tablets in three weeks.The plasma concentrations of ADV were determined by LC/MS/MS method.The pharmacokinetic parameters were computed.RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters in Group A,B and C were as follows:Cmax were(11.4? 3.7),(25.4? 8.2) and(76.3? 23.0) ng? mL-1;tmax were(1.69? 1.41),(0.90? 0.56) and(0.94? 0.50) h;AUC0～ t were(102.7? 51.7),(235.0? 82.3) and(715.4? 267.6) ng? h.mL-1;AUC0～ ∞ were(168.7? 30.7),(266.2? 83.7) and(741.5? 273.9) ng? h? mL-1,respectively.CONCLUSION:ADV tablets had a rapid absorption in healthy volunteers and the Cmax and AUC of adefovir tablets were directly correlated to doses.It is safe for healthy volunteers to take ADV tablets at a dose of 5～30mg.

Clinical internships play an important role in higher medical education. According to the new standards in undergraduate medical education set by the MOE and MOH,we identified 4 main problems in our internships training,including lack of awareness of career planning,interns'absence from duty,lack of hands-on opportunities,psychological problems,etc. According to these problems,we carried out a series of solutions such as strengthening intern orientation,especially in aspects of professionalism and clinical skills training,optimizing the rotation schedule and improving the evaluation methods etc. Experiential evidence and perceptions of interns and their tutors showed that these changes were effective.

This study aimed to promote medical and health informationization construction, strengthen the top-level design, construct a standard of medical and health information, and develop an information sharing and safety management system. For the reform of integrated hospital and clinical information systems, the Tumor Research Institute of the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Third Military Medical University aimed to solve the existing problem using pain assessment management (PAM). The PAM information platform is affiliated with the Military's No. 1 Basic Information System, which can manage PAM information. Moreover, PAM can optimize the pain assessment process and costs, and improve the work efficiency of nurses, Thus, PAM can achieve basic goals, such as data sharing, individualized records, and smart reminders, and encourages the use of pain management information systems outside the hospitals.

OBJECTIVE To explore clinical results of fat liquefaction of incision wound following cesarean section for obese pregnant women.METHODS Totally 300 obese pregnant women with cesarean section were randomly divided into three groups: group A,iodine(PVP-Ⅰ) group(using PVP-Ⅰ(0.5%) after suturing the abdominal rectus sheath);group B(normal saline group);group C(control group without any liquid).All patients were preoperatively used antibiotics to control the infection.The rate of puerperal morbidity,white cell count and wound infection were observed.RESULTS All parameters of group A were lower than group B or C.There were significant differences among three groups(P

Objective To investigate the anticancer effect of oxymatrine on cervical cancer cell line (HeLa). Methods MTT assay was used to detect the anti-proliferative effect of oxymatrine.Transwell chamber was used to detect the anti-metastatic effect of oxymatrine.Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA levels of MMP-2 and MMP-9.Western blot was used to detect the protein levels of MMP-2,MMP-9,AKT,p-AKT and GADPH. Results We found that application of oxymatrine significantly inhibited the growth of HeLa cells at the concentration above 0.8 mg/mL.We also found that oxymatrine (0.1,0.2 and 0.4 mg/mL)inhibited the invasion of HeLa cells under cytotoxic dose,which was (77.07±20.43)%,(53.95±18.17)% and (20.35±11.20)% of cells that migrated through the matrigel when compared with those of non-oxymatrine treatment group (P<0 .0 5 ). Further research found that oxymatrine (0.1,0.2 and 0.4 mg/mL)could reduce the expression of MMP-2 at the mRNA level,i.e.(82.76±8.71)%,(39.51±12.79)% and (21.53±5.38)% of the expression level when compared with that of non-oxymatrine treatment group (P<0 .0 5 ).The protein expression level of MMP-2 in 0 .4 mg/mL group was (64.69 ±16.52)% of non-oxymatrine treatment group (P<0.05).The phosphorylation level of AKT in 0.4 mg/mL group was (41.27±7.13)% of non-oxymatrine treatment group (P<0.05).Conclusion Oxymatrine can inhibit the invasion of HeLa cells by reducing the expression of MMP-2 via inhibiting the activity of AKT signal pathway.All together,our findings bring new insights into the mechanism of the anticancer effects induced by oxymatrine treatment.