OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the development of pharmaceutical care for periconceptional women. METH-ODS:Probability proportionate to size sampling(PPS)method was adopted to select participants from periconceptional women in Yongchuan District. The participants were investigated by questionnaires about drug use safety knowledge,attitude and behavior. Ep-idata 3.0 software was used to establish database. The data were analyzed with SPSS 15.0 software. RESULTS:Totally 800 ques-tionnaires were distributed and then 779 valid questionnaires were collected with effective rate of 97.38%. The total awareness rate of knowledge about drug use safety was 57.69%. The awareness rate rise with the increase of educational level (P<0.01). The awareness rate was higher in pregnant women than in prepregnant ones,with statistical significance in most of the questions(P<0.05 or P<0.01). For questions about attitude for drug use safety,the positive answer rate was higher in pregnant women than in prepregnant ones,with statistical significance in most of the questions (P<0.01). Among 385 pregnant women,only 56.88% re-ceived folic acid following the WHO recommendation. Of 181 pregnant women who had taken medicine,8.29% indicated that the physicians or pharmacists did not inform that whether the medicine affected pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS:Among periconceptional women,awareness rate of drug use safety is in low level and varied by their educational levels. There are difference in awareness rate of drug use safety and attitude between prepregnant women and pregnant woman. Drug use behavior of pregnant woman is to be modified.

Objective To evaluate the epidemiological characteristics of brucellosis in Jinan city and to identify its cause in order to provide evidence for development of specific preventive strategies in the future.Methods Epidemic information of the disease and survey data of brucellosis cases from 2002 to 2008 in the Infectious and Endemic Disease Control Jinan Centre for Disease Control and Prevention were analyzed statistically.Results From 2002 to 2008, 52 cases were diagnosed as brucellosis, among which 39 cases from Zhangqiu city.The incidence rate ranged from 0.02 to 0.10 hundred thousandth from 2002 to 2006, and 0.25 and 0.26 hundred thousandth in 2007 and 2008, respectively. The disease was found each mouth throughout the year, marked with summer peak[38.46%(20/52)]. Patients increased year after year in summer and spring seasons(r = 0.92, P ＜ 0.01) .The disease was most commonly found in 30 - 59 age group[69.23%(36/52)];men women incidence ratio was 1.67: 1.00;farmers accounting for 94.23%(49/52). There were 5 clusters of family outbreak brucellosis, involving 12 cases. Forty five patients contacted with sheep, accounting for 86.54% (45/52). Conclusions Brucellosis epidemic in Jinan is in an upward trend, mainly in summer and spring, elderly and middle-aged men farmers are the majority of patients. Zhangqiu of Jinan city is a key place for prevention and control of brucellosis;source of infection is not completely eliminated, exotic livestock have not been effectively quarantined, practitioners with weak sense of self-protection is the main reason of the epidemic rise.

Carcinoma, Renal Cell ; immunology ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Keratin-19 ; metabolism ; Kidney Neoplasms ; immunology ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; pathology ; Nephrectomy ; Vena Cava, Inferior ; pathology ; surgery

Objective To study the application of fusion of CT and MRI images in X-knife treatment for intracranial lesions.Methods Total 25 patients included:3 gliomas,3 acoustic neuroma,2 pituitary adenoma,one craniopharygioma to be remained or recurred postoperatily,2 pituitary micro-adenoma,5 AVM,4 cavernous angioma,3 metastatic tumour,one neoplasm located pituitary stem and midbrain respectively.Before the fusion of CT and MRI images MRI scan and CT scan for location of X-knife were performed respectively,then MR and CT image were transferred to workstation for the fusion of images.Results All lesions were showed clearly on fusional images and more nodules were observed in 3 metastatic tumour.Skull,soft tissue constructures and the profile of lesions were completely overlaped on overlaped images of CT and MR with an error less 1.0 mm.Conclusion CT and MRI images of head can be accurately registered.The images can show the radiologic informations more clearly than conventional CT image.It provides a safe,effective and little harmful method for X-knife treatment of intracranial lesions.

Objective　To explore the role of acute infection of Chlamydia pneumoniae (Cpn) in respiratory diseases. Methods　Microimmunofluorescence test was used to detect IgG antibodies for Cpn in serum obtained from 93 inpatients and PCR was used to test Cpn in detection of Cpn DNA in throat specimens from 55 of the 99 patients. Results　Acute Cpn infection was diagnosed in 35.5% of the respiratory diseases. Antibodies for Cpn (titer of ≥512) were present in 47.6% of the pneumonia group, which may suggest that during 1998 to 1999, Cpn caused an epidemic in Beijing. They were also present in 50% of asthma group, 50.0% of pulmonary heart disease group and 26.3% of lung cancer group. Only five patients (9.1%) were positive by PCR. There exists discrepancy between serological and PCR results. Conclusion　Detection of IgG antibodies for Cpn conduces to diagnosis of acute Cpn infection and give advice for appropriate therapy.

12E7 Antigen ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Bone Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Chondrosarcoma, Mesenchymal ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hemangiopericytoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pneumonectomy ; methods

Drug Design ; Genomics ; methods ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Protein Array Analysis ; Proteomics ; Technology, Pharmaceutical

Female ; Hemorrhage ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Infant ; Skin Diseases ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Sweat

AIMTo prepare liposomes of nosiheptide and study its ability to inhibit hepatitis B virus HBsAg and HBeAg secreted.

METHODSLiposomes of nosiheptide was prepared by sodium deoxycholate dialysis and sonication. Nosheptide was determined by HPLC and partical size was determined by using laser light scattering instrument. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to examine the morphology of liposomes. Its actions to inhibit hepatitis B virus HBsAg and HBeAg secreted was studied by a HBV-transfectted cell line (HepG2 2. 2. 15 ).

RESULTSEncapsulation efficiency of liposomes by chloroform:methanol (2:1, v/v) was higher than that by dioxane. With the increase of the ratio of nosiheptide: PC (W/W), the encapsulation efficiency of liposomes decreased with the increase of ratio of sodium deoxycholate: PC, the liposomes partical size decreased. The liposomes kept stable at -20 degrees C after 2 years. The drug concentrations of liposomes that inhibit HBsAg secreted by (46.9 +/- 2. 6) %, (55.4 +/- 1.2) %, (65 +/- 3) % and HBeAg secreted by (15.1 +/- 2.3) %, (36.2 +/- 1.7) %, (36.8 +/- 2.5) % were 1.25, 2.5, 5.0 microg x mL(-1), respectively.

CONCLUSIONLiposomes of nosheptide can be prepared by sodium deoxycholate dialysis and sonication, which ability to inhibit hepatitis B virus HBsAg and HBeAg secreted is better than nosheptide.

Antiviral Agents ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Drug Carriers ; Drug Compounding ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Drug Stability ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; drug effects ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; drug effects ; Hepatitis B virus ; drug effects ; immunology ; Hepatoblastoma ; virology ; Humans ; Liposomes ; Liver Neoplasms ; virology ; Particle Size ; Thiazoles ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology

To develop an analytic method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of dodecatetraenamides A, B in 42 samples of two official species of Asari Radix et Rhizoma( ARR) (37 samples of Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum with different collection time and 5 samples of Asarum sieboldiivar. seoulense). The HPLC-IT-TOF-MS/MS methods for the qualitative and UPLC-PDA methods for the quantitative analysis were established. Dodecatetraenamides A, B were identified by comparing the retention time, UV absorption spectrum and quasi-molecular ion peak [ M + H]+ with the reference compound using HPLC-IT-TOF-MS/MS. The content of dodecatetraenamides A and B in ARR were determined by UPLC-PDA. The separation was successfully carried out on a ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 (2.1 mm x 100 mm, 1.7 µm) column eluted with mobile phases of water (A) and acetonitrile (B) in gradient program (0-3 min, 35% B; 3-5 min, 35%-36% B; 5-6 min, 36%-43% B; 6 min-11 min 43% B; 11-12 min, 43%-100% B). The column temperature was 45 °C, and the detection wavelength was set at 254 nm. The flow rate was 0.6 mL · min(-1). On one level mass spectrometry scanning, the results showed that the quasi-molecular ion [M + H] + of both dodecatetraenamides A and B were m/z 248.20. The quantitative method with UPLC-PDA has made the baseline separation of the constituents, which were reported as mixtures in the most literatures. The average recovery of dodecatetraenamides A and B were 97.90% and 99.86%, the relative standard deviation were 0.4% and 1.1%, respectively. The contents of dodecatetraenamides A, B in all ARR samples was in the range of 0.11-3.89 and 0.24-6.65 mg · g(-1). Their contents reduced with the extension of storage time. Compared with the samples of 2013, the average content of the two constituents in the samples collected in year 2002-2003 reduced 34% and 36%, respectively (P < 0.05). Compared the A. sieboldii var. seoulense and A. heterotropoides var. mandshuricum with the same collective time and production area, the average contents of the two constituents in latter were up to (1.59 ± 0.75) mg · g(-1) and (2.90 ± 1.17) mg · g(-1), respectively, significantly higher than that in A. sieboldii var. seoulense (dodecatetraenamide A were (0.78 ± 0.52) mg · g(-1), dodecatetraenamide B were (1.69 ± 0.83) mg · g(-1)) (P < 0.05). The content of the dodecatetraenamide A in overground part was in the range of 0.11-0.33 mg · g(-1), dodecatetraenamide B was 0. 24-0.60 mg · g(-1), which were much lower than that of the underground part of ARR (dodecatetraenamide A was in the range of 0.73-3.89 mg · g(-1), dodecatetraenamide B was 2.11-6.24 mg · g(-1)). The method was certified to be simple, accurate and reliable and could be used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of dodecatetraenamide A and B in different species of ARR, also can be used for the comprehensive quality control of traditional Chinese medicine, Asari Radix et Rhizoma.
Amides ; chemistry ; Asarum ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Mass Spectrometry ; Molecular Structure ; Rhizome ; chemistry