The chemical constituents isolated from Desmodium species (Leguminosae) included terpenoids, flavonoids, steroids, alkaloids compounds. Modem pharmacological studies have showed that the Desmodium species have antioxidant, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, diuretic, antipyretic, analgesic and choleretic activity. This article mainly has reviewed the research advances of chemical constituents and biological activities of Desmodium species since 2003.
Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Fabaceae ; chemistry ; Humans

Adult ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; blood ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Military Personnel ; Noise, Occupational ; adverse effects

Objective To study the protective role of AngiotensinⅡreceptor inhibitor in ventilator-induced lung injury of rats.Method Forty healthy male SD rats were equally divided into four group (A,B,C,D group,n=10).Group A served as control group,group B had low tidal volume (V_T=10 ml/kg) with breathing rate (P)=80/min;group C had high tidal volume (V_T=40 ml/kg) group with breathing rate 80/min;group D had high tidal volume (V_T=40 ml/kg) group with breathing rate 80/min,all rats in group D were pretreated with Losartan.The duration of ventilation in 'all groups was two hours.Rats were sacrificed after experiment finished. The lung lavage liquid and lung tissue were collected and preserved with well established methods.Lung pathological change was observed by microscope;lung cell apoptosis was assessed with TUNEL;the expression of ANGⅡwas assayed with RT-PCR.The measured variables also included total protein,WBC,W/D,MPO. Results In comparison with B group,all variables in group C were significantly increased (P

AIM: To evaluate the effects of the extract of Buddleja officinalis eye drops in basic tears secretory volume, tear film stability, expression of androgen receptors(AR) in castrated rats with dry eye, and to investigate the therapeutic effects of extract of Buddleja officinalis on dry eye caused by gonadal hormones level imbalance. METHODS:A total of 45 Wistar masculinity rats were divided at random into 9 groups, including normal group(A1,A2 and A3), model group(B1,B2 and B3), therapy group with extract of Buddleja officinalis eye drops(C1,C2 and C3). The "1" stood for being fed for 1 month, and "2" for 2 months, and "3" for 3 months. The dry eye model was established with orchiectomy on group B,C. Group C was treated with Buddleja officinalis extract eye drops for one month. All rats were checked with Schirmer Ⅰ test (SⅠt) and tear film break-up time (BUT). Expression of AR was analyzed by flow cytometer(FCM). RESULTS:The SⅠt value of group C was significantly higher than that of group B (P<0.01) and the BUT value of group C was significantly longer than that of group B (P<0.01), which indicated the eye drop could significantly keep basic tears secretory volume and tear film stability. And the expression of AR of group C was much higher than that of group B,which showed that available composition of the eye drops maybe display androgen-like activity.CONCLUSION:The main components of extract of Buddleja officinalis is the flavonoids which could significantly inhibit happening of dry eye of rat after androgen level lowered. Its mechanism is like androgen's and it could display androgen-like activity to keep basic tears secretory volume and tear film stability.

AIM: To explore the effect of Buddleia flavonoids drug-containing plasma and androgen receptor(AR) blocker on the expression of STAT1 phosphoprotein.METHODS: In vitro lacrimal gland epithelial cells were cultivated with H2O2 to establish the dry eye apoptosis state. Blank plasma group, Buddleia officinalis plasma total flavonoids interfere with drug-containing group, and the intervention group of testosterone propionate were set. The expressions of STAT1 phosphoprotein of each group were observed by Western blot and AR blocker flutamide was used to explore the intended androgen effect of Buddleia flavonoids.RESULTS: After the intervention of drug-containing plasma, the expression of STAT1 Phosphoprotein in Buddleja officinalis drug-containing plasma intervention group(0.353±0.494) and testosterone propionate intervention group(0.502±0.036) were enhanced and the differences between the two groups were significant (P<0.01). After using the AR blocker in all groups, the expression of STAT1 phosphoprotein in each group (0.268±0.061,0.283±0.106,0.213±0.071) had no difference.CONCLUSION: Buddleja officinalis drug-containing plasma total flavonoids can promote the expression of STAT1 phosphorylation.

OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for promoting the further implementation of national essential medicine system and related policies. METHODS:Hospital information system(HIS),Excel 2007 and SPSS 13.0 software were adopted to statisti-cally compare the changes in equipping the specific varieties of national essential medicines and the differences in the overall use of national essential medicines before and after implementing the National Essential Medicine System (2012 edition)(referred to NEMS,2012 edition) and cancelling drug addition policy in a public hospital in Chengdu. RESULTS:After implementing the NEMS(2012 edition),60 kinds of equipping national essential medicines increased in the hospital,including 38 kinds of chemical medicines and biological products,22 kinds of Chinese patent medicines;compared with before,the percentage of essential medi-cines to prescription drugs,prescription rate of essential medicines,average essential medicine in a single prescription and prescrip-tion rate of all essential medicines were significantly improved(P<0.05). After cancelling drug addition policy,5 kinds of equip-ping national essential medicines increased in the hospital,including 3 kinds of chemical medicines and biological products,2 kinds of Chinese patent medicines;the above-mentioned 4 indexes showed no obvious changes,with no statistical significances (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:After implementing the NEMS(2012 edition)and cancelling drug addition policy,the equipping na-tional essential medicines are still insufficient,some indexes do not meet the requirements of Sichuan Province. It is suggested that the public medical and health institution at county-level should to choose suitable national essential medicines based on its specific situation;strengthen publicity and education,improve the popularity of physicians to national essential medicine system;strengthen the assessment and management of the use of essential medicines for physicians. Meanwhile,the government and the relevant de-partments are suggested to explore more effective and reasonable compensation mechanism to improve the enthusiasm of physicians to use the national essential medicines.

Jin's three-needle technique is named after Professor JIN Rui. The connotation of Jin's three-needle technique is summarized by his followers through long-term teaching and clinical practice. His principle and method of point combination are based on syndrome differentiation of acupuncture. And his unique needling technique and treating principle of mental tranquilization also play an important role in his clinical practice.
Acupuncture Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Humans ; Needles

Objective To find out the iodine nutritional status of children in Xiamen island, and to provide the scientific basis for iodine supplimentation. Methods On March 2010, thyroids of all children aged 6to 12, from primary school on the Xiaodeng island of Xiamen were examined by palpation, urinary iodine, iodine content of salt athome and IQ level were tested, and were collected 20 households, iodine content of drinking water was tested randomly. Results IQ testing and thyroid palpation were carried out among a total of 156 children, the goiter rate of children was 1.28% (2/156), the mean IQ was 110; 154 urine samples were taken, the median urinary iodine was 219.1 μg/L; a total of 153 salt samples were tested, and the qualified rate of iodized salt was 87.58%(134/153), and the mean iodine content in the tap water was 4.52 μg/L Conclusions Iodine nutritional status of the island residents is better, and there are no such problems as excessive iodine.

Objective To evaluate the role of imaging diagnosis in surgical treatment of primary aldosteronism(PA). MethodsFrom Jan 1995 to Dec 2004,245 patients with PA were hospitalized in our hospital.Before the operations,all the patients underwent B-ultrasonography and CT scaning,240 received intravenous pyelography and 75 MRI.The preoperative imaging diagnosis were compared with the findings during the operations and postoperative pathologic results. Results Compared with the findings during the operations,the accuracy rates of localized diagnosis for PA with B-ultrasonography,CT scanning and MRI were 92.7%,98.2% and 90.4%,respectively.Compared with the postoperative pathologic results,the accuracy rates of qualitative diagnosis for aldosterone-producing adenoma(APA) with B-ultrasonography,CT scanning and MRI were 83.0%,90.7% and 72.2%,respectively. Conclusion The comprehensive imaging data are helpful in the localized diagnosis of PA.Correct preoperative qualitative diagnosis of APA is the key step for the surgical treatment for PA.

Objective To investigate the current conditions of water iodine,childrens'iodine nutrition and residents'edible circumstance of iodized salt in the villages with high iodine in drinking water and the adjacent three villages in Xiamen city of Fujian province.Methods Four natural villages of Qianbian,Donglian,Dazhong and Dongshan of Xiangan county were chosen as survey spots in 2008.In each village,one running water sample and all well water samples were collected to obtain the benchmark for each location.All children aged 7-13 year in the four villages underwent thyroid palpation and were selected to measure the urine iodine and the salt iodine.The water iodine and urine iodine were determined by As3+-Ce4+ catalytic spectrophotometry digestion,salt iodine was determined by direct titration.Results In four investigated villages,iodine of four running water samples were all 1.5μg/L.The range of 237 well water iodine samples was from 0.1 μg/L to 506.0 μg/L.There were 18.6% (44/237)specimens in which the well water iodine less than 10 μg/L,73.4%(174/237)between 10 μg/L and 150 μg/L and 8%(19/237)more than 150μg/L.The median of urinary iodine was 153.3 μg/L in 79 urine samples,which was 114%(9/79)more than 200μg/L and less than 300μg/L,12.7%(10/79)equal or more than 300 μg/L and less than 500μg/L,7.6%(6/79)equal or more than 500μg/L and less than 800 μg/L in all samples.Seventy-nine students were examined by palpation and the total goiter rate of children measured was 11.4% (9/79).Seventy-one samples of iodine salt were detected and the coverage rate of iodized salt was 77.5%(55/71).Conclusions The well water iodine contents have a wide distribution in the investigated villages.We should enhance the community awareness by educating them on the damage of iodine excess and iodine deficiency.