Biological Clocks ; Genetic Therapy ; Heart Diseases ; therapy ; Humans ; Stem Cell Transplantation

AIM:To study the chemical constituents of leaves of Streblus asper Lour. METHODS:The constituents were isolated by column chromatography and their structures were elucidated through spectroscopic analysis. RESULTS:Seven compounds were isolated and identified as salicylic acid(1),?-sitosterol ( 2 ),?-daucosterol(3),oleanolic acid(4),magnolol(5),quercetin(6),taxifolin(7). CONCLUSION:The compounds are all obtained from the leaves of Streblus asper for the first time.

Objective: To observe the influence of acupoint application therapy on serum eosinophilic granulocyte cationic protein (ECP), 6 keto prostaglandin F 1 (6-keto-PGF 1) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2). Methods: 300 cases of asthma out-patients in a remission period were divided into a treatment group (150 cases) and a control group (150 cases). The control group was given the basic treatment, and the treatment group was given external application on the acupoints in July and December every year, as well as the basic treatment of the control group, with continuous treatment for 2 years as one course. ECP, 6-keto-PGF 1, and TXB2 were checked every year in the patients of the two groups, and an Asthma Control Test Table was filled in for comparative analysis. Results: After the external application on the acupoints, the frequency of seizures, dyspnea and frequency of medication administration of the patients had been more reduced than those in the control group, indicating that the levels of ECP in inflammation of air passage and of 6-eto-GF 1 and TXB2 were obviously improved (P＜0.05). Conclusion: The herbal application on the acupoints is effective and positively influential to the improvement of the symptoms in the asthma patients and to ECP, 6-keto-PGF 1, and TXB2 remarkably.

Proteinase inhibitors are widely distributed in many living organisms and play crucial roles in many biological processes, particularly in regulating the proteinase activity spatially and temporally. However, The Kazal family of serine protease inhibitors is one of the most important and extensively studied protease inhibitor families. This type of protease inhibitor normally consists of one or several domains. Every domain has a highly conserved sequence structure and molecular conformation. It is found that contact residues are hyper variable, which are responsible for the interaction of inhibitors and proteinases. Most of them are in the solvent exposed loop. But P1 residue is the key active site of the interaction between inhibitor and enzyme. The types of the amino acid at P1 site likely play an important role in causing different inhibitory activity. The substitutions at the contact residues cause significant effects on the association constant. By using the Laskowski algorithm, the Ki values of a Kazal domain against six serine proteinases can be predicted from the domain' s sequence alone. At present there are many Kazal proteinase inhibitors found in the organisms, which show important biological functions. This article gives a comprehensive review of the newer developments in the characters and the interaction of the Kazal-type inhibitors.
Amino Acid Sequence ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors ; chemistry ; physiology

A sesquiterpene synthase (AsSS4) full-length open reading frame (ORF) cDNA was cloned from wounded stems of Aquilaria sinensis by RT-PCR method. The result showed that the ORF of AsSS4 was 1,698 bp encoding 565 amino acids. Prokaryotic expression vector pET28a-AsSS4 was constructed and transformed into E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS. Recombinant AsSS4 protein was obtained after induction by IPTG and SDS-PAGE analysis with a MW of 64 kD. Enzymatic reactions using farnesyl pyrophosphate showed that recombinant AsSS4 protein purified by Ni-agarose gel yielded five sesquiterpene compounds, cyclohexane, 1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2, 4-bis(1-methylethenyl)-, β-elemene, α-guaiene, α-caryophyllene and δ-guaiene. This paper reported the first cloning and functional characterization of AsSS4 gene from A. sinensis, which will establish a foundation for future studies on the molecular mechanisms of wound-induce agarwood formation in A. sinensis
Alkyl and Aryl Transferases ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Azulenes ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; Escherichia coli ; Open Reading Frames ; Polyisoprenyl Phosphates ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; Sesquiterpenes ; metabolism ; Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane ; Thymelaeaceae ; enzymology ; genetics

Objective To investigate the expression of the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) gene and its significance in colorectal adenocarcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemistry and Western blot was used to assess the expression of EZH2 in human colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues,colorectal adenoma tissues and non-cancerous adjacent colorectal tissues.The relationships between EZH2 and each clinical pathology parameter were analyzed.Results The results of immunohistochemical trail showed that the expression rates of EZH2 in colorectal adenocarcinoma,colorectal adenoma and non-cancerous adjacent colorectal tissues were 80.56 ％ (87/108),62.5 ％ (25/40) and 5.00 ％ (2/40),respectively (P ＜ 0.05).Western blot revealed that the expression level of EZH2 in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues,colorectal adenoma tissues and non-cancerous adjacent colorectal tissues level 0.549±0.145,0.283±0.023 and 0.107±0.022,respectively.The level in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues (0.549±0.145) and colorectal adenoma (0.283±0.023) was significantly higher than that in non-cancerous adjacent colorectal tissues (0.107±0.022).Compared with colorectal adenoma tissues,level in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues was significantly higher.There were significant differences among the three groups (F =20.113,P ＜ 0.05).The ratio of high expression level of EZH2 in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues was closed related with tumorgenesis,differentiation,TNM staging and lymphatic metastsis (all P ＜ 0.05).However,no correlation was revealed between EZH2 expression and the age,gender (both P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion The expression of EZH2 may be associated with the tumorgenesis invasion,metastasis and progression of colorectal adenocarcinoma.

Objective To investigate the effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA) on the chemotherapy sensibility of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) in colorectal cancer cell line Lovo, and to explore the possible mechanisms.Methods According to the treatment methods, the cells were divided into control group, 5-Fu group, TSA group, TSA preconditioning group and combination group (TSA+5-Fu).MTT assay was used to detect cell proliferation at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h after drugs treatment.Transwell assay was used to test cell invasion after 24 h drugs treatment.Flow cytometer was applied to observe the apoptosis after 24 h drugs treatment.The expressions of thymidylate synthase (TS) were detected by Western blot after 24 h drugs treatment.Results Compared with control group, the 5-Fu group, TSA preconditioning group and combination group had a growth inhibition to Lovo cell at 24 h, 48 h and 72 h (P ＜ 0.05), and compared with 5-Fu group, the growth inhibition of TSA preconditioning group and combination group were distinctive at 48 h and 72 h (P ＜ 0.05).However, the inhibition between TSA preconditioning group and combination group were no significant (P ＞ 0.05).Interfered after 24 h, the number of cells penetrating the matrigel in control group, 5-Fu group, TSA group,TSA preconditioning group and combination group were (25.0±4.2), (16.8±2.8), (19.6± 2.5), (8.2±3.2) and (6.5±2.6), respectively (P ＜ 0.05), and the apoptosis rates were (4.26±1.36) ％, (11.66± 3.18) ％, (8.57±2.69) ％, (39.79±8.53) ％ and (45.18±10.07) ％, respectively (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with control group, the number of cells penetrating the matrigel in the experimental groups was significantly decreased, and the apoptosis rate was significantly increased (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with 5-Fu group, the numbers of cells penetrating the matrigel in TSA preconditioning group and combination group were markedly decreased, and the apoptosis rates were markedly increased (P ＜ 0.05), but the number of cells penetrating the matrigel and the apoptosis rate between TSA preconditioning group and combination group were not different (P ＞ 0.05).The difference of TS expression between control group and 5-Fu group was not significant (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with that in control group and 5-Fu group, TS expressions in TSA group, TSA preconditioning group and combination group were markedly decreased (P ＜ 0.05), but TS expressions among the last three groups were not different (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion TSA can increase the chemotherapy sensibility of 5-Fu in Lovo cells, which may be dependent on reducing the TS expression.

Assessment mode is a bottleneck in medical education reform nowadays.Although traditional assessment tools,such as written examination,are still widely used in medical education assessments,they have obvious limitations.With the enhancement of requirements in physicians' abilities,assessments on some basic abilities of physicians are still insufficient.The United States and Europe not only focus on the curriculum reform but also the development of appropriate assessment tools,therefore,some new assessment tools are invented.These assessment tools are applicable to the formative assessment and are student-centered,being able to promote the development of education and provide new options for medical education assessments.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Branchial Region ; abnormalities ; Child ; Female ; Fistula ; congenital ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Cyprinid herpesvirus 3 (CyHV-3) is the causative agent of an extremely contagious and aggressive disease afflicting common corp Cyprinus carpio L. termed koi herpesvirus disease (KHVD). Since it was first reported in 1997, the virus has spread worldwide rapidly, leading to enormous financial losses in industries based on common carp and koi carp. This review summarizes recent advances in CyHV-3 research on the etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, prevention, and control of KHVD.
Animals ; Fish Diseases ; diagnosis ; virology ; Fishes ; classification ; virology ; Herpesviridae ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Herpesviridae Infections ; diagnosis ; veterinary ; virology