Objective To evaluate tension-free hernia Onlay repair with premuscular positioning of the prosthesis for the treatment of ineisional henia of the abdominal wall.Methods In this study 126 patients with incisional henia were treated with a tension-free manner of hernia repair by using synthetic material ONLAY between September 1999 and June 2007.Results All operations were successful.There was no hospital death or severe postoperative complications.The average age was 58.5 years old ranging from 28 to 89.There were 67 patients in which the abdominal defect ranged from 5～10 cm,and 59 patients with abdominal defect≥10 cm.The mean operating time was 95(70～120)min,and the average intraoperative blood loss was 80 ml(60～250 ml).The mean postoperative hospitalization was 14.5 days(10～28 d). Patients were followed-up from 3 to 96 months,and 3 patients suffered from hernia recurrence(2.38%). Conclusions The ONLAY repair of ineisional hernia of the abdominal wall with synthetic material mesh was a safe procedure,especially for those with large abdominal wall defects.

OBJECTIVETo study whether diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) can reflect angiogenesis and the expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by analyzing the correlation between the features of DWI and angiogenesis in prostate cancer (PCa).

METHODSWe studied the clinical and pathological data of 38 patients with histologically proven PCa, who were examined in the supine position with a 1.5T superconductive magnetic scanner (Siemens Sonata) with a pelvic phased array multi-coil. DWI was obtained by echo planar imaging (EPI) sequence. Another 33 cases of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and 15 healthy volunteers were detected for the ADC value in the PCa and BPH tissues and the peripheral zone (PZ). All the PCa samples were examined for microvascular density (MVD) and VEGF.

RESULTSThe ADC values of PCa, BPH and PZ were (49.32 +/- 12.68) x 10(-5) mm2/s, (86.73 +/- 26.75) x 10(-5) mm2/s and (126.25 +/- 27.21) x 10(-5) mm2/s, the former lower than the latter two (P < 0.05). The expressions of MVD and VEGF in PCa were higher than in BPH (P < 0.05). The correlation was negative between the ADC value and MVD of PCa (r = -0.510, P < 0.05) , and positive between the expressions of VEGF and MVD (r = 0.481, P < 0.05). The ADC values of the VEGF-positive and -negative groups were (47.27 +/- 9.55) x 10(-5) mm2/s and (55.06 +/- 11.6) x 10(-5) mm2/s (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe ADC value reflects the angiogenesis in differentiated prostate cancer, and DWI therefore helps to evaluate the biological features of PCa in vivo.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood supply ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the effects of advanced glycation end-products(AGEPs)on the function of normal keratinocytes in vitro so as to explore the role of AGEPs in impaired wound healing. Methods Normal rat keratinocytes were incubated with different concentrations of AGEPs.After 48 hours of culturing,the cell proliferation rates were measured by MTT colorimetric determination.The cell cycle distributions and apoptosis were analyzed with flow cytometry,and the migration was investigated by 24-well fluorimetric cell migration assay kit by exposing to 100?g/ml AGEPs.Nuclear extracts from these cells were examined for binding of nucleotides containing NF-?B consensus by immunocytochemistry and EMSA in vitro.Results The proliferations of normal keratinocytes were significantly arrested and many cells were induced to early apoptosis compared with control ones(P＜0.05)by exposing to AGEPs for 48 hours. Meanwhile AGEPs also irritated keratinocytes migration compared with control ones(P＜0.05).Inhibiting the activation of NF-?B could partly recover the proliferation of keratinocytes,reverse apoptosis and attenu- ate migration.Conclusion AGEPs are correlated with the migration,proliferation and apoptosis of kera- tinocytes by NF-?B.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the impact of sub-chronic Aluminium-maltolate [Al(mal)3] exposure on the catabolism of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in rats.

METHODSForty adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into five groups: the control group, the maltolate group (7.56 mg/kg BW), and the Al(mal)3 groups (0.27, 0.54, and 1.08 mg/kg BW, respectively). Control rats were administered with 0.9% normal saline through intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection. Maltolate and Al(mal)3 were administered to the rats also through i.p. injections. Administration was conducted daily for two months. Rat neural behavior was examined using open field tests (OFT). And the protein expressions and their mRNAs transcription related with APP catabolism were studied using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSThe expressions of APP, β-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and presenilin-1 (PS1) proteins and their mRNAs transcription increased gradually with the increase of Al(mal)3 doses (P<0.05). The enzyme activity of BACE1 in the 0.54 and 1.08 mg/kg Al(mal)3 groups increased significantly (P<0.05). The expression of β-amyloid protein (Aβ) 1-40 gradually decreased while the protein expression of Aβ1-42 increased gradually with the increase of Al(mal)3 doses (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONResult from our study suggested that one of the possible mechanisms that Al(mal)3 can cause neurotoxicity is that Al(mal)3 can increase the generation of Aβ1-42 by facilitating the expressions of APP, β-, and γ-secretase.

Amyloidogenic Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Animals ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Environmental Pollutants ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Male ; Organometallic Compounds ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Pyrones ; administration & dosage ; toxicity ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of aminoguanidine cream on the proliferation of keratinocytes (KC), content of advanced glycosylation end products (AGE) and oxidative stress in skin tissue of rats with diabetes.

METHODSStearic acid, liquid paraffin, vaseline, lanolin, isopropyl myristate fat, glycerol, 50 g/L alcohol paraben, aminoguanidine hydrochloride etc. were mixed in certain proportion to make aminoguanidine cream, and cream without aminoguanidine was used as matrix. The dorsal skin of normal rats were harvested and treated by aminoguanidine cream with dose of 5, 10 g/L, or 5 g/L together with 10 g/L azone. The transdermal effect was respectively measured at post treatment hour 2, 4, 7, 10, 12, 24. Thirty SD rats were divided into normal control (NC, n = 6), diabetes (D, n = 8), aminoguanidine cream-interfered (AI, n = 8), matrix cream-interfered groups (MI, n = 8) according to the random number table. Diabetes was reproduced by intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg) in rats of D, AI, and MI groups, and rats in NC group were injected with 0.05 mmol/L citrate buffer as control. One week later, dorsal skin of rats in AI and MI groups were respectively treated with 10 g/L aminoguanidine cream and matrix cream by external use for 4 weeks. AGE content was determined with fluorescence detection from skin collagen extract. KC cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. Skin tissue specimens were obtained for determination of levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and total antioxidant capacity. Data were processed with t test.

RESULTSTransdermal effect of aminoguanidine cream with dose of 10 g/L was better than that with 5 g/L or 5 g/L + 10 g/L azone cream. One rat was not induced successfully in MI group. Four weeks after model reproduction, 4 rats died in D group and 1 rat died in AI group. The AGE content in D group was obviously higher than that in NC group [(36.8 +/- 2.6), (24.6 +/- 2.7) U per milligram hydroxyproline, respectively, t = 7.2, P < 0.01], and that in AI group [(28.6 +/- 3.7) U per milligram hydroxyproline] was also lower as compared with that in D group (t = -3.9, P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in AGE content between MI [(32.2 +/- 5.2) U per milligram hydroxyproline] and D groups (t = 1.6, P > 0.05). The percentage of KC in S phase was obviously lower in D group than in NC group [(5.3 +/- 0.6)%, (7.6 +/- 0.9)%, respectively, t = 4.50, P < 0.01], while that in MI group [(9.2 +/- 1.5)%] was higher as compared with that in D group ( t = 4.90, P < 0.01). It was more higher in AI group than in D group on KC percentage in S and G2/M phase (with t value respectively 6.80, 3.17, P values all below 0.01). The oxidative stress indexes of skin tissue in D group were all higher than those in NC group, in which levels of MPO and SOD showed statistical difference (with t value respectively 4.4, 3.7, P values all below 0.05). The oxidative stress indexes were all lower in AI group than in D group, especially in SOD level (t = -1.4, P < 0.05). Levels of MAD, MPO in MI group were significantly lower than those in D group (with t value respectively 2.6, 2.9, P values all below 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAminoguanidine cream can promote KC proliferation and appropriately reduce oxidative stress through inhibiting AGE formation to a certain extent in skin tissue of rats with diabetes. Signal use of matrix cream can also reduce oxidative stress in skin tissue of rats with diabetes.

Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; metabolism ; Guanidines ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Keratinocytes ; drug effects ; Male ; Ointments ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Oxidative Stress ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin ; drug effects ; metabolism ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo study the cytotoxic effect of allogenetic natural killer (NK) cells in vitro on human CD34+ acute myelogenous leukemia cells.

METHODSCD34 expression on acute myelogenous leukemia KG1a cells was detected by flow cytometry. KG1a cells were co-cultured at different effector-to-target (E:T) ratios with NK cells isolated from 5 healthy individuals using magnetic cell sorting. Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release assay was employed to examine the cytolysis of KG1a cells in the co-culture, and the inhibition rate of the KG1a cell colony formation in methylcellulose was determined with K562 cells sensitive to NK cells as the control.

RESULTSA expression rate as much as (98.0-/+1.1)% was detected for CD34 antigen on KG1a cells, and the isolated NK cells (CD3(-)CD16+CD56+ cells) had a purity of (93.2-/+3.7)% after magnetic cell sorting. Allogenetic NK cells exhibited obvious cytotoxicity and colony inhibition in vitro against KG1a cells at different E:T ratios, and the effects were significantly enhanced as the E:T ratios increased (P<0.05). At the same E:T ratio, the cytotoxicity and colony inhibition rate of allogenetic NK cells against KG1a cells was lower than those against K562 cells (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONAllogenetic NK cells exhibit obvious cytotoxicity and colony formation against CD34+ acute myelogenous leukemia cells.

Antigens, CD34 ; immunology ; Coculture Techniques ; Cytotoxicity, Immunologic ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Killer Cells, Natural ; immunology ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between cutaneous glycometabolic disorders and cutaneous neuropathy in diabetic rats, and to look for the mechanism of neuropathy and impaired wound healing.

METHODSEighty male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (NC, n = 20), diabetic group (D, n = 20), aminoguanidine-interfered group (AI, n = 20), and insulin-interfered group (II, n = 20) by drawing lots. Diabetes was reproduced in rats of D, AI, and II groups with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Then, rats in AI group were fed with 100 mg×kg(-1)×d(-1) aminoguanidine, while rats in II group were subcutaneously injected with insulin for satisfactory control of blood glucose. Changes in mechanical and heat pain thresholds of pad of hind limb were measured at post injection week (PIW) 2, 4, 8. Skin specimens were collected during PIW 2-8 from pads for determination of contents of glucose, advanced glycation end product (AGE), substance P (SP), calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), and observation of distribution and ultrastructure of skin nerve fibers. Data were processed with t test.

RESULTSThe mechanical and heat pain thresholds in D group at PIW 2 [(6.3 ± 1.5) g, (6.0 ± 0.9) s, respectively ] were obviously lower than those in NC group [(13.0 ± 3.2) g, (10.3 ± 1.2) s, with t value respectively 2.71, 3.42, P values all below 0.05]. Contents of glucose and AGE in skin tissue in D group were significantly increased when compared with those in NC group, especially at PIW 8 [(2.85 ± 0.33) mg/g, (31.7 ± 3.2) U/mg of hydroxyproline vs. (0.82 ± 0.22) mg/g, (22.2 ± 1.9) U/mg of hydroxyproline, with t value respectively 1.65, 6.47, P values all below 0.01]. The myelinated nerve fibers were edematous and degenerated, with axons compressed, while the unmyelinated nerve fibers were vacuolated, with microfilament and microtubule disorderly arranged. Content of SP in skin tissue in D group was lower as compared with that in NC group, especially at PIW 2 [(16.8 ± 3.4) pg/g vs. (28.5 ± 5.0) pg/g, t = 2.42, P < 0.01]. There was no obvious difference in content of CGRP between NC and D groups, and also in content of glucose in skin between D and AI groups. Compared with those in D group, content of AGE in AI group at PIW 8 was decreased markedly [(27.2 ± 1.4) U/mg of hydroxyproline, t = 3.38, P < 0.05]; contents of glucose and AGE in II group at PIW 8 were significantly decreased [(1.42 ± 0.38) mg/g, (23.6 ± 1.3) U/mg of hydroxyproline, with t value respectively 1.74, 8.17, P < 0.05 or P < 0.01]. Compared with that in D group, contents of SP in AI and II groups were increased, with a delay in time of trough value. Content of CGRP showed no obvious difference among D, AI, and II groups.

CONCLUSIONSHigh glucose and accumulation of AGE are key mediators of cutaneous neuropathy and impaired wound healing in diabetes mellitus, which confirms that diabetic wound takes an atypical footing during wound repairing. Aminoguanidine and insulin can reduce contents of glucose and AGE in diabetic skin tissue, and ameliorate diabetic cutaneous neuropathy.

Animals ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental ; complications ; metabolism ; Glucose ; metabolism ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; metabolism ; Male ; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases ; etiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Skin ; metabolism ; pathology ; Skin Diseases ; etiology ; Wound Healing

Objective:To study the mechanism of kidney-replenishing herb in regulating the tolerance of fetal-maternal interface and the effect of IDO on modulating the phenotype of decidual NK cells. Methods: Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase ( IDO) expression in villus tissues from normal pregnancies and recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) patients was monitored by immunohisto-chemistry (IHC). IDO expression in HTR-8/Svneo cells treated with control or herb serum medium was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The influence of kidney-replenishing herb on modulating the phenotype of NK cells,CD16 and CD56 expression in peripheral NK cells co-cultured with control or herb serum medium in the presence or absence of 1-methyltryptophan (1-MT) treated HTR-8/Svneo cells were measured by FCM. Results: IDO expression was decreased in villus tissue of RSA patients compared to normal preg-nancies. Herb medium could increase the IDO expression of HTR-8/Svneo. Kidney-replenishing herb could enhance the regulatory function of trophoblasts on NK cells and further induce the immune tolerance at fetal-maternal interface in IDO dependent and independent manners. Conclusion: Kidney-replenishing herb can modulate the phenotype of peripheral NK cell by up-regulating IDO expression in trophoblasts and play a role in the treatment of RSA patients.

To investigate the cell-killing effect and its possible mechanism of rClone30-hDR5 in combination with TRAIL on human hepatic carcinoma (HCC) cell line, first of all, recombinant plasmid pee12.4-hDR5 was introduced into HepG2 cells by liposome transfection. After five rounds of screening by flow cytometry, HepG2 cells expressing high levels of DR5 on cell surface were isolated. The cytotoxicity of TRAIL to selected cells was higher than that of TRAIL to HepG2 cells by MTT method (P < 0.01). The result suggested that the cloned hDR5 gene had biological activity. MTT assay showed that, rClone30- hDR5 in combination with TRAIL more efficiently inhibited the tumor growth of HepG2 cells compared to rClone30-hDR5 or TRAIL in vitro. The results of Annexin V-FITC/PI staining and Quantitative Real-time PCR indicated that rClone30-hDR5 in combination with TRAIL significantly increased the mRNA levels of caspase 3 and caspase 8, and induced the apoptosis of tumor cells. HepG2 cells were infected with rClone30-hDR5 or rClone30 at MOI of 1. The expression of hDR5 on tumor surface increased significantly by rClone30-hDR5 compared to that by rClone30, which contributed to the sensitivity to TRAIL. In conclusion, rClone30-hDR5 in combination with TRAIL has potential application value in cancer treatment.
Apoptosis ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; pathology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Caspase 8 ; metabolism ; Drug Synergism ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; pathology ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; pharmacology ; TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand ; pharmacology ; Transfection

OBJECTIVETo investigate the rule and possible mechanism of epidermal proliferation in wound edge of deep partial thickness scald injury in rat.

METHODSTwenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats inflicted with deep partial thickness scald were randomized into pre-scalding, 3 post-scalding day (PSD), 7PSD and 14PSD groups, with 6 rats in each group. Skin specimens from the wound edge were harvested for the observation of the histological characteristics of the epidermis. Cell cycles of epidermal cells were analyzed with flow cytometry. The expressions of cyclin D1, cyclin B1, cdk4 and the histone H1 kinase activity of MPF in epidermal cells were determined by Western blotting.

RESULTSAugmentation of nuclei and nucleoli was found in the epidermal cells from the wound edge in 3PSD group, while increased number of epidermal cells with obviously augmented nuclei and nucleoli were found in 14PSD group. The percentage of the cells in S phase increased in 14 PSD group. The percentage of epidermal cells in G2/M phase began to increase in 3PSD group, and that in 7PSD (4.5 +/- 0.6) and 14PSD (5.4 +/- 1.0) groups were obviously higher than that in pre-scalding group (2.9 +/- 1.1, P < 0.05). The expression of cyclin D1 increased significantly in 3PSD group. The expression of cdk4 decreased in 3PSD group, but began to increase in 14PSD group. There was no difference in the expression of cyclin B1 among groups. The MPF activity was significantly increased in 14PSD group.

CONCLUSIONThere was enhanced DNA synthesis and mitosis in epidermal cells of rats with deep partial scald during early post-scald stage, and active proliferation of epidermal cells was observed on 14PSD. The expression of cyclinD1/cdk4 complex and the activity of MPF increased since 14PSD, indicating that there was a special regulative pattern during wound healing.

Animals ; Burns ; pathology ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; Disease Models, Animal ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; pathology ; Wound Healing