Child ; China ; Diarrhea ; diagnosis ; microbiology ; Escherichia coli Infections ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Shiga-Toxigenic Escherichia coli ; isolation & purification

Homocysteine ; pharmacology ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Lipid Peroxidation ; drug effects ; Metallothionein ; pharmacology

BACKGROUND: Pholidota chinensis lindl (PCL) has been used in folk medicine to treat pulmonary edema, resolve phlegm, relieve cough and resist fatigue. However, its pharmacological effects on hypoxic-ischemic heart and brain damage remain to be unclear.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of PCL extract on survival duration of 5 kinds of anoxia models as well as anti-fatigue and anti-hypoxia actions.DESIGN: Randomized and controlled experiment.SETTING: Pharmacological Department of Garnnan Medical College.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed in the Pharmacological Department of Gannan Medical College frgm March to June 2004. A total of 170 Kunming mice, 25 males and 95 females, weighing (20±2) g, were provided by the Experimental Animal Center of Gannan Medical College.METHODS:①Hypoxia-resisting test:Totally 40 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal saline group, hydrochloric propranolol group (0.02 g/kg), and 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups, with 10 in each group. Twenty minutes after administration, the mice were put into hypoxic wide-mouthed bottles of 250 mL volume with sodalime for recording survival time with stopwatch. ② Test of specific anoxic myocardium: Totally 30 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 in each, namely normal saline + isoproterenol group, 10 g/kg PCL extract + isoproterenol group, and hydrochloric propranolol (0.02 g/kg) + isoproterenol group.0.015 g/kg isoproterenol was given to mice in each group. Forty minutes after administration, the mice were put into hypoxic wide-mouthed bottles of 250 mL volume with sodalime for recording survival time with stopwatch. ③ Test of NaNO2-induced hypoxia: Forty mice were randomly divided into 4 groups: normal saline group, hydrochloric propranolol group (0.02 g/kg), 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups, with 10 in each group. Forty minutes after administration, the mice were intraperitoneally injected with 200 mg/kg NaNO2. The survival time was recorded.④Test of cerebral ischemia and hypoxia: Thirty mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal saline group, 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups, with 10 in each group. Forty minutes after administration, the gasping time was recorded. ⑤ Test of exercise tolerance: Thirty mice were randomly divided into normal saline group, 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups, with 10 in each group. Forty minutes after administration, the mice swam with lead load on the tails, which was 2% of the body weight. The swimming test for mice used a circular pool 40 cm in diameter and 30 cm in height, and filled with water to a depth of 25 cm. Water was kept at 20-22 ℃.To study the effects of PCL extract on exercise tolerance, the swimming time of the mice was recorded until they were exhausted, submerged for 8 seconds, and did not float onto the surface again.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The survival time and gasping duration in the hypoxia models after administration.RESULTS: Totally 170 mice entered the final analysis. ① Hypoxia-resisting test: Survival time was longer in 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups than that in normal saline group and hydrochloric propranolol group (F=70.52, P ＜ 0.05); survival time was longer in 10 g/kg PCL extract anoxic group than in 5 g/kg PCL extract group (P ＜ 0.05). ② Test of specificmyocardium: Survival time was longer in 10 g/kg PCL extract + isoproterenol group and hydrochloric propranolol + isoproterenol group than in saline + isoproterenol group (F=37.29, P ＜ 0.05).③ Test of NaNO2-induced hypoxia: Survival time was longer in hydroch　loric propranolol group,5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups than in saline group (F=34.34, P＜ 0.05); survival time was longer in 10 g/kg PCL extract group than in 5g/kg PCL extract group(P<0.05).④Test of cerebral ischemia and hypoxiaGasping time was longer in 5 g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups than in saline group (F=41.00, P ＜ 0.05); gasping time was longer in 10 g/kg PCL extract group than in 5 g/kg PCL extract group (P ＜ 0.05).⑤Test of exeract tolerance:Survival time was longer in 5g/kg and 10 g/kg PCL extract groups than in saline group (F=33.09, P ＜ 0.05);survival time was longer in 10 g/kg PCL extract group than in 5 g/kg PCL extract group (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: PCL has anti-fatigue and anti-hypoxia effects in a dosage-dependent manner. The effects may be related to Na, K-ATPase change or increase of alveolar fluid clearance.

AIM: To study the effects of xanthotoxol (XT) on physiological characteristics and its mechanism in isolated guinea pig atria. METHODS: It was determined by the contractile amplitude,excitability and the spontaneous beats in the right atria,respectively. RESULTS: In the experiment of contractile amplitude,after 15 min of administration of XT 20, 40 and 80 ?mol?L -1 ,the contractile force of left atria was 0.85 , 0.68 ,and 0.48 g,respectively (P

Aim To establish a method to purify factor B in human sera. Methods A combination of euglobulin precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography,(NH4)2SO4 precipitation and affinity chromatography was used in the process of purification. Results Final product of 118.75 mg/L plasma factor B was obtained. By SDS-PAGE, thin layer scanner and activity assay,the purity reached 95％ , specific activity was 1.91× 109 IU/g, and the activity yield was 59.28％ . Conclusion This simple method with high yield can be used for laboratory research and large-scale preparation.

To reveal the colonization characteristics in host of endophytic biocontrol bacteria NJ13 isolated from Panax ginseng, this study obtained the marked strain NJ13-R which was double antibiotic resistant to rifampicin and streptomycin through enhancing the method of inducing antibiotic. The colonization characteristics in ginseng and its biocontrol efficiency against Alternaria spot of ginseng in the field were studied. The results showed that the strain could colonize in root, stem and leaf of ginseng and the colonization amount was positive correlated with inoculation concentration. Meanwhile, the strain could infect and then transfer in different tissues of ginseng The colonization amount of strain in roots and leaves of ginseng increased first and then decreased. However, the tendency of colonization amount of strain in stems was ascend at first and then descend slowly, and was more than that in roots and leaves along with time, which had a preference to specific tissue of its host. In field experiment, the endophytic bacteria NJ13 was proved to be effective in controlling Alternaria leaf spot of ginseng. The biocontrol efficiency of fermentation broth at the concentration of 0.76 x 10(8) cfu x mL(-1) reached 75.62%, which was close to the controlling level (73.06%) of 0.67 mg x L(-1) 50% cyprodinil WG.
Alternaria ; physiology ; Antibiosis ; Bacillus ; growth & development ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Endophytes ; growth & development ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Panax ; growth & development ; microbiology ; Plant Diseases ; microbiology

Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents ; toxicity ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; Female ; Humans ; Killer Cells, Natural ; drug effects ; Middle Aged ; Nurses ; statistics & numerical data ; Occupational Exposure ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; drug effects

The paper aimed to study the residue decline dynamic and standards for safety utilization of carbendazim in roots, stems, leaves of Anoectochilus roxburghii and in growth media. Samples extracted with methanol were purified by liquid-liquid extraction and analysed by HPLC. The results showed that average rate of recovery was 82.9% - 95.7% and RSD were 2.0% - 6.3% with add of carbendazim in respectively diverse concentration, which meets inspection requirement of pesticide residue. Two kinds of dosages of carbendazim were treated, varying from recommended dosage (1.0 kg x hm(-2)) to 1.5 times recommended dosage (1.5 kg x hm(-2)). Results of two years test showed that the half-life period of carbendazim were 7.01 - 8.51 d in the growth media of A. roxburghii, 3.58 - 4.27 d in stems and 3.50 - 3.91 d in leaves, 4.93 - 5.71 d in roots. Providing max recommended residue of carbendazim in the cultivation of A. roxburghii is 0.5 mg x kg(-1), sprayed 4 times a year with the dosage of 1.0 kg x hm(-2), 28 days is proposed for the safety interval of the last pesticide application's and harvest's date.
Benzimidazoles ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Carbamates ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Culture Media, Conditioned ; chemistry ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Fungicides, Industrial ; metabolism ; pharmacology ; Liquid-Liquid Extraction ; Orchidaceae ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Pesticide Residues ; analysis ; metabolism ; Plant Leaves ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Plant Roots ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Plant Stems ; drug effects ; metabolism

Animals ; Apoptosis ; physiology ; Brain Ischemia ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; methods ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; enzymology ; pathology ; prevention & control

Adult ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; blood ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Male ; Malondialdehyde ; blood ; Military Personnel ; Noise, Occupational ; adverse effects