AIM: To observe the effects of scleral buckling surgery for retinal detachment under microscope and under indirect ophthalmoscope.
METHODS: Forty - six patients ( 46 eyes ) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were retrospectively analyzed. Twenty-six patients received surgeries under microscope was retrospectively analyzed and compared to that of 20 patients who received surgeries under indirect ophthalmoscope by the same operator.
RESULTS: No statistical difference was found in patients' operation method choice, including condensation reaction reattachment situation and the retina reset operation at a time ( P> 0. 05 ). The best corrected visual acuity of microscopic group after 1mo of operation was better than before operation, and the improving rate of vision after operation was higher than that of the traditional group (P<0. 05).
CONCLUSION:The curative effect of external approach microsurgery has the similar efficacy with the conventional external approach surgery, and gets better visual acuity.

Objective To explore the association between syndrome types of primary hepatic carcinoma(PHC) and coagulation function.Methods From Jan.2015 to May.2016,a total of 176 cases of PHC patients were enrolled to analyze the correlation between syndrome types and coagulation function.Results The liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome(34.66%) was the most common syndrome in all patients,followed by wet and heat resistance syndrome(22.73%) and qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome(17.05%).Prothrombin time(PT),activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),thrombin time(TT) and D-dimer(D-D) levels of patients were significantly increased,with significant differences between liver stagnation and spleen deficiency group and wet and heat resistance syndrome group,liver and kidney Yin deficiency syndrome group(P<0.05).While fibrinogen(FIB) decreased significantly,but without significant differences between each group(P>0.05).Conclusion Coagulation function in PHC patients with spleen and kidney Yang deficiency syndrome,wet and heat resistance syndrome and liver and kidney Yin deficiency syndrome could be poor,but that in patients with qi stagnation and blood stasis syndrome and liver stagnation and spleen deficiency could be relatively good.Increasing of PT,APTT,TT and D-D could be with certain significance to identify liver stagnation and spleen deficiency syndrome with other syndrome types.

Objective To investigate changes in the expression of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease (APE) and the oxidative DNA damage marker 8 OHdG in distant hippocampus regions of the rat brain after focal cerebral ischemia of the middle cerebral artery.Methods SD rats were divided into the sham surgery group and the pMCAO group (induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion).Pathological changes in brain tissues were examined at 2 h,6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h.The expression of APE and 8-OHdG was measured by immunohistochemical staining methods.TUNEL staining was performed to detect apoptosis.Results Reduction of APE expression in the CA1 region of the hippocampus on the ischemia side appeared at 2 h in the pMCAO group and continued as ischemia persisted (F=11.91,P＜0.05).The expression of 8OHdG and TUNEL immunoreactivity in the CA1 region of the hippocampus on the ischemia side were first observed at 6h in the pMCAO group and intensified during the remainder of induced ischemia (F=9.23 and 10.46 respectively,P＜0.05 for both).Compared with the sham group,8-OHdG expression and TUNEL immunoreactivity in the pMCAO group were at nearly the same levels from 24 h to 72h.Conclusions Oxidative DNA damage occurs in hippocampus regions of the rat brain after experimentally induced focal cerebral ischemia of the middle cerebral artery.APE expression declines in regions distant from focal cerebral ischemia.Development and accumulation of oxidative DNA damage can induce apoptosis in certain brain regions.

Objective To investigate the feature of ventilation induced lung injury(VILI) with different tidal volume in neonatal rats.Methods Thirty-two neonatal rats were assigned to control group(without ventilation),conventional ventilation group(tidal volume 0.010 L?kg-1 for 5 h),hyperventilation 5 h group(tidal volume 0.025 L?kg-1 for 5 h),hyperventilation 3 h group(tidal volume 0.025 L?kg-1 for 3 h) randomly.After ventilation,the lungs were obtained to weigh,score about the degree of lung pathologic injury was count.The levels of IL-6 and IL-10 of lung tissue were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results The VILI histopathology score in hyperventilation 5 h group,hyperventilation 3 h group,conventional ventilation group and control group were 9.63?1.40,4.40?1.06,6.50?1.85 and 0.00,respectively,the differences were significant among the 4 groups(P=0.000).IL-6 in hyperventilation 5 h group,hyperventilation 3 h group,conventional ventilation group and control group were(785.33?39.06) pg?g-1,(656.78?48.82) pg?g-1,(701.6?33.65) pg?g-1 and(635.02?65.78) pg?g-1,there were significant differences among the 4 groups(P=0.000).The IL-6 level was positively correlated with VILI histopathology score(r=0.78,P

Objective To analyze the correlation of different antiphospholipid antibody isotypes in female infertility.Methods Selected 296 patients with female infertility and 31 normal female between May 2015 to August 2015 in Dalian Women’s and Children’s Medical Centre.All the antibodies were detected by chemilumininescence.The positiverate of antipholipid an-tibodies in female infertility patients and health controls were calculated.The concentrations of antiphospholipid antibodies in different groups were compared with Mann-Whitney U test.Results The positive rate of aCL IgG of female infertility and normal female were 0.34% and 0.00%.The positive rate of aCL IgM of female infertility and normal female were 1.35%and 0.00%.The positive rate ofβ2 GPⅠ IgG of female infertility and normal female were 0.00% and 0.00%.The positive rate ofβ2 GPⅠ IgM of female infertility and normal female were 0.34% and 0.00%.aCL IgG were differet beween female infertility and normal female (P=0.013),others had on significant difference.Conclusion Need to detect LA,combined with aCL and anti-β2 GPⅠ,exclusively diagnose APS,layed the foundation of sequential treatment.

Objective To evaluate the effect of CYP3A5 genetic polymorphisms on tacrolimus (Tac) concentration/dosing and other clinical outcomes in a pilot cohort of 113 Chinese HTx recipients.Methods Association between CYP3A5 genetic variants and blood dose-adjusted trough concentrations (C0/D) of Tac at 1st month at the beginning of the immunosuppressive therapy was evaluated in cohorts of 113 patients,then at 1st,3rd,6th,and 12th months after transplantation in 41 patients who received Tac-based immunosuppressive therapy and never changed within one year after transplantation,respectively.In addition,we also evaluated the association between CYP3A5 genetic variants and other clinical outcomes,such as the classifications of endomyocardial biopsy and longterm prognosis.Results The CYP3A5 wild homozygote (* 1/* 1),mutant homozygote (* 3/* 3),and mutant heterozygote (* 1/* 3) occurred in 5,34 and 74 recipients respectively.The gene mutation rate of CYP3A5 in this cohort of Chinese HTx recipients was 80.5 ％ and the homozygous proportion was 65.5％.Compared with CYP3A5 expressors (* 1/* 1 or * 1/* 3),CYP3A5 nonexpressors (* 3/* 3) had a higher Tac C0/D at 1st month (47.34 ± 11.40 vs.116.11 ± 42.40 vs.293.70 ± 171.20,P =0.000),as well as other studied time points (3rd month:98.32 ± 39.43 vs.292.07 ± 141.08,P=0.003;6th month:90.00 ± 21.31 vs.341.68 ± 165.02,P =0.002;and 12th month:96.02 ± 29.33 vs.339.23 ± 162.30,P =0.018);and might have a lower classification of endomyocardial biopsy at 1st month (1.43 ± 0.73 vs.1.50 ± 0.58,P =0.867),3rd month (1.55 ±1.00 vs.2.00 ± 1.73,P =0.512),and 6th month (1.36 ± 0.84 vs.2.33 ± 1.53,P =0.132);as well as a higher mortality due to acute organ rejection (10％ vs.0,P =0.244) and all-cause mortality (20％ vs.9.7％,P =0.580).Conclusion In Chinese HTx recipients,the frequency of this * 3 allele is lower than that has been reported in the white population.The determinations of CYP3A5 genetypes in heart transplant recipients are helpful to guide the individualized Tac regimens.

Objective To investigate the contribution of hypoxia-inducible factor inhibitor YC-1 to cisplatin chemo-sensitivity to human ovarian cancer cells A2780s in vitro. Methods Ovarian cancer cells were divided into four groups which were treated with saline, YC-1, cisplatin, and YC-1+cisplatin, separately, mRNA of HIF-1αand VEGF in the A2780s cells were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR by calculating 2-△△CT;the protein were detected by Western blot, to evaluate the change of hypoxia and angiogenesis capabilities under the ovarian cancer microenvironment. Results Compared with the control group, mRNA and protein of HIF-1αand VEGF expressed less in the group of YC-1, cisplatin and YC-1+cisplatin;while, those in the group of YC-1+cisplatin were lower than the monotherapy (P<0. 05), but no significant difference was detected between the YC-1 and cisplatin groups, and the expression of HIF-1αand VEGF mRNA were positively related(r=0. 830 5)in each group. Conclusion YC-1 exerts the antitumor effect and may contribute to sensitivity to cisplatin in the therapy of ovarian cancer.

Objective To construct a lentiviral vector-based short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting the gene encoding tryptophan-aspartate containing coat protein ( TACO) and to evaluate its inhibitory effect on the expression of TACO , and to further elucidate its effects on the phagocytosing and intracellular killing of My-cobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) by macrophages and the possible mechanisms.Methods Three shRNA frag-ments targeting TACO gene and a scrambling control shRNA fragments were designed and cloned into the lentivi -ral vector pSicoR .The recombinant lentiviral vectors were identified by sequencing analysis and then packed in 293T cells.Real-time RT-PCR and Western blot assay were performed to evaluate the gene-silencing efficiency of the recombinant lentiviral vectors among RAW 264.7 cells transfected with the concentrated lentivirus .The most effective lentivirus was screened out to transfect the RAW 264.7 cells for 48 hours, followed by infection those cells with M.tb strains.The entry and intracellular survival of M .tb strains in RAW264.7 cells were de-termined by bacterial culture at indicated time points .The colocalization of M .tb and lysosomes was detected by immunofluorescence staining .The cyto-ID autophagy kit was used to detect the cellular autophagy and the auto-phagy-associated protein LC 3 was determined by Western blot assay .Results The recombinant lentiviral vec-tors were successfully constructed and confirmed by sequencing analysis .Decreased expression of TACO in RAW264 .7 cells was detected after transfecting the cells with the lentiviral vector-based shRNA vectors targeting TACO gene for 48 hours.The most effective lentivirus , LV-pSRT1, decreased the expression of TACO by 85.24%and 69.00%at the mRNA and protein levels, respectively.The bacterial loads in LV-pSRT1 trans-fected RAW264.7 cells were significantly decreased at the time point of 0 h after M.tb infection as compared with those in the control lentivirus treated cells (5.50×104 vs 8.1 ×104, P<0.05).Compared with the RAW264 .7 cells transfected with control lentivirus , the survival rate of intracellular M .tb strains in LV-pSRT1 transfected cells was significantly decreased at the time point of 48 h (134.54% vs 213.58%, P<0.05) and 72 h (148.18%vs 262.96%, P<0.05) considering the bacterial load at the time point of 0 h as the standard. The immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that the colocalization of M .tb strains with lysosomes was signifi-cantly enhanced in LV-pSRT1 transfected cells as compared with that in control lentivirus treated cells (75.67%vs 10.66%, P<0.05).Moreover, significantly enhanced autophagy and relative expression of LC 3Ⅱ protein were observed in RAW264.7 cells with TACO gene knockdown (16.20%vs 8.50%, P<0.05;0.51 vs 0.34, P<0.05).Conclusion The lentiviral vector-based shRNA targeting TACO gene could effectively knockdown the expression of TACO protein , decrease the entry and increase the intracellular killing of M .tb strains in mac-rophages.The enhanced intracellular killing of M .tb strains by macrophages was associated with the increased fusion of M.tb-containing phagosome and lysosome .

Objective To investigate clinical features and prognostic factors in acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients with opportunistic infections.Methods Forty-two cases of AIDS patients with opportunistic infections were enrolled in this study.Clinical data and major factors affecting the prognosis were analyzed using Logistic regression.Results Bacterial infection was the first etiological factor(57.1%) of opportunistic infections in AIDS patients.Eighty-three point three percent of patients infected with more than two kind of etiological agents.Fifty-seven point one per- cent of cases were infected in multiple sites.CD4~+ T cells count was associated with the opportunistic infections.Conclusions The CD4~- T lymphocytes count is the key factor affecting the prognosis of AIDS patients with opportunistic infections.The average of CD4~+ T lymphocytes count is significant- ly related with the major opportunistic infections in AIDS paitents.

Objective To investigate the correlation between serum insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)level and the 131Ⅰahsorbante of thyroid nodule in patients with struma nadosa,to search for simpler and safer methods for differentiating thyroid nodule.Methods Detecting the 131Ⅰ absorbance of thyroid nodule by radioisotope scanning.then the patients were divided into warm and cold nodule groups,and the normal control group was also set up;the levels of IGF-1,FT3,FT4,sTSH were detected in serum of patients with struma nadosa by radio immunoassay,then the correlation between these data and the 131Ⅰabsorbance of thyroid nodule was analyzed.Results In the patients with warnl nodule,the level of serum IGF-1,FT3,FT4 and the 131Ⅰ absorbance of thyroid nodule[(315.86±22.74)μg/L,(9.95±5.62),(67.27±27.31)ng/L,0.64±0.17]were increased obviously when compared with the control group [(256.13±39.85)μg/L,(2.80±1.30),(13.51±5.50)ng/L,0.35±0.15],but the sTSH[(0.35±0.03)mU/L]went down significantly than the control group[(2.71±1.17)mU/L],the difference being statistically significant(P＜0.01).In the patients with cold nodule,the level of serum IGF-1,FT3,FT4,sTSH[(263.17±30.23)μg/L,(2.89±0.98),(14.23±2.84)ng/L,(2.81±0.42)mU/L] had no significant difference compared with the control group(P＞0.05).The level of serum IGF-1 was positively correlated with the 131Ⅰ absorbance of thyroid nodule(r＝0.835,P＜0.01),but negtively correlated with sTSH(r＝-0.326,P＜0.05)in the patients with warm nodule.Conclusion The level of sernm IGF-1 is closely correlated with the 131Ⅰ absorbance of thyroid nodule in patients with struma nadosa.