OBJECTIVETo investigate the acquaintance to orthodontics and possible factors that obstruct orthodontic treatment in middle school students in zones with different economic levels in Jiangjin, Chongqing.

METHODSThe students were randomly divided into four groups: A class from a junior high school in town (group 1), a class from a senior high school in town (group 2), a class from a junior high school in the countryside (group 3), a class from a senior high school in the countryside (group 4). The information was collected by questionnaire, and the statistical analysis of results was carried out by SPSS 17.0 software.

RESULTSSex made difference in the acquaintance to orthodontics treatment. Girls worried more about teeth extraction and pain that may occur during treatment than the boys. Students in the city had more access to related consultations compared to those in the countryside. Different economic conditions made much contribution to the proportion to go for orthodontics treatment in cities and rural areas. The evaluation from families and friends may affect patients' subjective estimation to themselves.

CONCLUSIONOrthodontists should learn more about student patiens from various aspects, and make different therapies according to their sexes, economic conditions of family, education levels, etc. Only so can orthodontists get better compliance from their patients.

Adolescent ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Orthodontics ; Students

OBJECTIVETo investigate the role of expression of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and its receptor (c-Met) in gastric cancer.

METHODSThe expression of HGF and c-Met was detected with SABC immunohistochemistry in 44 specimens of gastric cancer, 20 chronic superficial gastritis, 10 chronic atrophic gastritis and 16 gastric ulcer tissues.

RESULTSNo positive expression of HGF/c-Met was found in the chronic superficial gastritis specimens. The positivity rates of HGF in the gastric cancer was 72.7% (32/44), significantly higher than that in chronic atrophic gastritis [20% (2/10), P<0.005] and gastric ulcer [37.5% (6/16). P<0.025]. The positivity rates of c-Met in gastric cancer [77.3% (34/44)] was also significantly higher than that in chronic atrophic gastritis [40% (4/10), P<0.05] and gastric ulcer [37.5% (6/16), P<0.025].

CONCLUSIONCo-expression of HGF and c-Met in gastric cancer may promote the progression of the malignancy, and also opens a new pathway for the therapy of gastric cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Hepatocyte Growth Factor ; metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met ; metabolism ; Stomach Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective:To preliminarily observe the clinical efficacy of microwave hyperthermia combined with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and chemotherapy for patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.Methods:Forty patients who could not been operated or refused operation were enrolled in this clinical trial, who were confirmed as locally advanced proximal or distal gastric cancer by gastroscopy pathology and imaging. Radiotherapy was delivered by IMRT technology for 5 times per week with a total dose of 46 to 56 Gy (median dose of 50 Gy) in 25 to 28 fractions. Synchronous hyperthermia was given at 42 to 44℃ twice a week, 45 min/time. S-1 or capecitabine-based synchronous chemotherapy was performed, d1-14/3 weeks. The symptom remission rate, adverse reactions, objective remission rate (complete and partial remission) and survival were observed.Results:A total of 40 patients, aged between 56 and 83 years (median age of 71 years), were enrolled in this study. The male-to-female ratio was 7: 1. Among them, 38 cases (95%) showed symptom remission. The most common adverse reactions were grade 1-2 gastrointestinal reactions and leukopenia. The objective remission rate was 87.5%, the 2-year progression-free survival and overall survival rates were 68.6% and 70.5%, respectively.Conclusion:Preliminary findings demonstrate that microwave hyperthermia combined with chemoradiotherapy achieve satisfactory outcomes and yield tolerable toxicity in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.

OBJECTIVEMutation screening was performed to a Chinese family with hypokalaemic periodic paraiysis(HOKPP) for locating the corresponding mutations of gene and for specifying the clinical features associated with mutations.

METHODSThe cilnical features of patients from HOKPP family were summurized. Techniques of target exon PCR and direct sequencing were used to screen the mutation in CACNA1S and SCN4A genes in all numbers of the family.

RESULTSTwo patients of the family showed the typical features of HOKPP: the age of disease onset is during the childhood, acetazolamide is effective to patients treated. A heterozygous point mutation 3716 (G>A) causing R1239H was found in exon 30 of CACNA1S gene of the patients, but not found in normal members of the family.

CONCLUSIONThe mutant R1239H in CACNA1S gene exists in Chinese patients with familial hypokalaemic periodic paralysis.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Base Sequence ; Calcium Channels ; genetics ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Family Health ; Female ; Humans ; Hypokalemic Periodic Paralysis ; genetics ; Male ; Mutation ; Pedigree ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and characteristics on molecular biology related to HCV among patients who were enrolled in a Methadone maintenance clinic in Wuhan.

METHODSSerum samples from 332 injection drug users (IDUs) were obtained and anti-HCV IgG was detected by enzyme linked immunosorbrent assay(ELISA), together with 86 anti-HCV positive specimens genotyped. A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-nPCR) assay using conserved primers deduced from the core-envelopel (C-E1) region of the HCV genome was employed to amplify a 474 bp fragment. Phylogenetic analysis of the C-E1 sequences was conducted by direct sequencing of the RT-nPCR products and alignment with determined by nucleotide sequencing followed by composition of a phylogenetic tree.

RESULTSThere were 313 cases (94.3%) appeared positive anti-HCV IgG in the 332 patients from a Methadone maintenance clinic in Wuhan. It was demonstrated that there were four different subtypes of HCV in that clinic in Wuhan, including 6a--71 cases (82.5%), 3b--7 cases (8.2%), 1a--5 cases (5.8%) and 1b--3 cases (3.5%).

CONCLUSIONInfection of 6a genotype HCV was predominant in patients from the Methadone maintenance clinic in Wuhan, followed by HCV 3b, 1a and 1b.

Adult ; Antibodies, Viral ; analysis ; China ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; classification ; genetics ; Humans ; Male ; Methadone ; therapeutic use ; Middle Aged ; Phylogeny ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Substance Abuse Treatment Centers ; Substance-Related Disorders ; drug therapy ; rehabilitation ; Young Adult

Objective To measure the values of quantitative ultrasound(QUS) of different gestational age preterm infants at birth in Guangzhou area,and compare them with the values of Caucasian preterm infants in order to get insight into the bone development status of preterm infants in Guangzhou area and to evaluate the practicability of QUS.Methods The Omnisense quantitative ultrasound produced by Israel Sunlight company was used to measure the bone speed of sound(SOS) of left tibia of preterm infants born between Jun.2010 and Jun.2012 in Maternity and Children Health Hospital of Huadu District in Guangzhou,and the values of SOS of Caucasian preterm infants was compared.Results There were totally 1039 preterm infants born in Guangzhou area involved in this study,and they were divided into group A,B,C,D by gestational ages:≤ 30 weeks,30 + 1 ～ 32 weeks,32 + 1 ～ 34 weeks,34 + 1 ～ 36 + 6 weeks.The values of SOS of each group at birth were(2892.05 ± 139.17) m/s,(2936.84 ± 137.87) m/s,(2966.65 ± 116.60) m/s and (2988.63 ± 120.74) m/s,separately,and with the increase of gestational age,and there was significant difference of SOS between different gestational age groups(F =15.758,P =0.000).But there was no significant difference of SOS between male and female (F =2.665,P =0.103).Compared with Caucasian preterm infants,the SOS value gap (defined as the Z value) of preterm infants of different gestational age in Guangzhou area was no significant difference(P =0.117),and there was no significant difference between male and female (F =3.494,P =0.062).Conclusions The value of SOS of preterm infants was higher with the increase of maturity of preterm infants.There was no significant difference of SOS between Guangzhou preterm infants and Caucasian preterm infants.And QUS is suitable for clinical evaluation of bone development status of preterm infants.

OBJECTIVETo explore the prognostic value of regulatory T cells (Tregs) and M2 macrophages in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) tissues.

METHODSThe expression of CD163 and Foxp3 was detected by immunohistochemistry in 92 cases of DLBCL, and it was statistically analyzed whether their expressions correlate with clinical data and prognosis in patients with DLBCL.

RESULTSThe density of M2 macrophage and regulatory T cells in DLBCL tumor tissues was significantly higher than that in the adjacent tissues (P = 0.02, P = 0.04). The expression of M2 macrophages was significantly positively correlated with regulatory T cells expression (r = 2.012, P < 0.05). High density of M2 or Tregs had a relationship with extranodal involvement (P < 0.05). Cox regression analysis showed that the expressions of CD163 and Foxp3 were independent prognostic factors of DLBCL (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSCombined detection of the expression of CD163 and Foxp3 proteins and then evaluation of the amount of M2 macrophages and Tregs can be used to more closely predict the prognosis for DLBCL patients.

Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; diagnosis ; Macrophages ; physiology ; Prognosis ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of experimental left varicocele (ELV) on the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (Flt-1) proteins in the testis and epididymis of adolescent rats, and to find out the correlation of the two proteins with varicocele-induced male infertility.

METHODSWe established the ELV model in adolescent male SD rats, and detected the expressions of VEGF and Flt-1 proteins in the testis and epididymis by immunohistochemistry at 2 and 4 weeks after surgery.

RESULTSCell- and region-specific expressions of VEGF and Flt-1 were observed in the testis and epididymis of the ELV and control groups. Statistical analysis showed that, in comparison with the corresponding control groups, the 2- and 4-week ELV groups exhibited a notable increase in the VEGF protein expression in the hibateral testis and epididymis (P < 0.01, P < 0.05); the Flt-1 expression was obviously upregulated in the hibateral testis and epididymis of the 2-week ELV group (P < 0.01, P < 0.01), but remarkably reduced in the hibateral testis and left epididymis of the 4-week ELV group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), with no statistic difference in the right epididymis (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONELV can cause changes in the expressions of VEGF and Flt-1 proteins in the testis and epididymis of adolescent rats, and consequently affect spermatogenesis and spermiotelcosis, which may be one of the causes of varicocele-induced male infertility or subfertility.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Epididymis ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Testis ; metabolism ; Varicocele ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-1 ; metabolism

BACKGROUNDThe long term prognosis of unprotected left main coronary artery (LMCA) stenting is controversial. This study was conducted to evaluate the immediate and long term outcomes of LMCA stenting in Chinese patients and to determine which factors affect the outcomes.

METHODSFrom May 1997 to March 2003, 224 patients in 23 hospitals underwent elective unprotected LMCA stenting with bare metal stents. Their clinical records were analysed to ascertain immediate and long term outcomes of LMCA stenting as well as factors influencing the prognosis.

RESULTSStents were implanted into LMCA successfully in 223 cases (99.6 %). One death (0.5%) and one case of non-Q wave nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) occurred in hospital. The mean follow-up time was (15.6 +/- 12.3) months. Cardiac death developed in 10 cases (4.5%), noncardiac death in 2 cases (0.9%), nonfatal MI in 4 cases (1.8%), target lesion revascularization (TLR) of LMCA in 26 cases (11.7%) and TLR of nonLMCA in 37 cases (16.5%). Univariate analysis showed that cardiac death correlated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF < 40%), female gender and LMCA combined with multivessel disease; that major adverse cardiac events (MACE) correlated with LVEF < 40%, bifurcation lesion and incomplete revascularization. Logistic regression analysis revealed that LVEF < 40% and female gender were independent predictors of cardiac death and MACE. Follow-up angiography was performed in 102 cases (45.7%). The restenosis rate was 31.4%.

CONCLUSIONSLong-term outcomes of stenting for selected patients with unprotected LMCA stenosis is acceptable. It should be performed in inoperable or low risk patients with LVEF > or = 40% and isolated LMCA disease or LMCA combined with multivessel diseases in whom complete revascularization can be obtained.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Disease ; therapy ; Coronary Restenosis ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stents ; adverse effects ; Treatment Outcome

Abstract: Objective　To analyze the epidemiological characteristics (season, age, gender, mixed infection and clinical manifestations, etc.) of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection in children in Hainan Province, so as to provide epidemiological evidence-based medical basis for the prevention and control of MP infection in children in Hainan Province. Methods　The serum IgM antibodies of MP, Legionella pneumophila, Chlamydia pneumoniae, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), Q fever Rickettsia, parainfluenza virus, influenza A virus and influenza B virus in children with respiratory tract infections (RTIs) who were hospitalized in pediatrics of many hospitals in Hainan Province from March 2012 to February 2020 were detected by indirect immunofluorescence method. The positive serum MP-IgM antibody was defined as MP infection. The epidemiological and clinical data of MP infected cases were analyzed retrospectively. Results　From March, 2012 to February, 2020, a total of 35 731 qualified pediatric inpatients with RTIs in many hospitals in Hainan Province were tested for serum MP-IgM with the total positive rate of 39.12% (13 978/35 731). The yearly positive rates of MP-IgM from 2012 to 2020 were 48.39%, 56.23%, 56.62%, 47.04%, 29.71%, 24.14%, 47.55%, 36.84% and 24.46% respectively. The positive rates of MP-IgM in 2013 and 2014 were significantly higher than those in other years (P<0.05). The positive rate of MP-IgM in summer in Hainan Province was the highest (41.34%) and the lowest in winter (35.77%) (P<0.05). MP infection occurred in all age groups, the positive rate of MP-IgM in children of preschool (51.80%) was significantly higher than that in other age groups (P<0.01), and the positive rate of MP IgM in children of infancy (15.36%) was lower than that in other age groups (P<0.01). The positive rate of MP-IgM in female was 44.77%, which was significantly higher than that in male (35.83%) (P<0.05). MP infection combined with positive IgM of another pathogen accounted for 32.63% (4 561 cases), positive IgM of another two pathogens accounted for 1.26% (176 cases). MP infection was mostly found in pneumonia (68.73%), and the main clinical symptoms were cough (84.72%), fever (51.01%) and wheezing (3.16%). Conclusions　MP is an important pathogen of respiratory tract infection in children in Hainan Province, and infection is more common in children in early school age and early childhood. Mp-specific tests should be performed to identify the pathogen in children suspected of MP infection. In the high incidence season, health education should be strengthened in kindergartens, schools and other places to prevent respiratory tract infection.