The recent studies have suggested that matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)are close associated with the instability of atherosclerotic plaques,the formation and development of intracranial aneurysm,ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic transformation.The study and application of MMP inhibitor may become a new approach in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.

Purpose Brain complications severely threaten the treatment and survival of children with leukemia. This paper aims to investigate the MRI manifestations and differences of brain complications in leukemia before and after chemotherapy for a clinical guidance.Materials and Methods The clinical data and MRI findings of 37 children with leukemia and brain complications were retrospectively analyzed. Thirty-four of them underwent MRI scan twice or more, among whom 28 received contrast-enhanced MRI scan.Results Twenty-two patients were discovered with brain complications before chemotherapy, 2 of whom were with two kinds of complications. Meningopathy was found in 7 patients who showed widespread or localized meningeal thickening. Among them, 5 patients'' lesions reduced or disappeared after chemotherapy. Intracerebral multiple small and micro bleed was found in these 7 patients, 2 of them combined with hematoma. Three patients were found with intracranial tumor which all proved to be temporal bone tumor, 1 of whom combined with temporal lobe tumor and 1 had tumor disappeared after chemotherapy. The other complications before chemotherapy included leukoencephalopathy (n=2), subdural collection of fluid (n=2), meninges and parenchymal infiltration of leukemia (n=1), fungal infection (n=1) and cerebral infarction (n=1). On the contrary, 17 patients were discovered with brain complications after chemotherapy, 8 of whom were with two or more complications. Two patients had different kinds of complications before and after chemotherapy. Brain atrophy was observed in 13 patients. Leukoenphalopathy was found in 9 patients who presented high signal in white matter of double periventricular and/or semi-oval center on T2WI; the lesions of 4 patients were reduced or disappeared after withdrawal. Infectious diseases were diagnosed in 3 patients, including viral encephalitis in 2 cases, tuberculous meningitis combined with tuberculoma in 1 case. The other complications included intracranial tumor (n=2), sinus thrombosis (n=1), posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (n=1) after chemotherapy. Conclusion The MRI findings of brain complications in childhood leukemia are various and demonstrate significantly different features before and after chemotherapy. The major complications before treatment include meningopathy and intra-cerebral hemorrhage;while after chemotherapy the main complications are brain atrophy, leukoencephalopathy and infectious diseases. MRI proves to be a valuable method to detect, observe and follow up these complications.

The most common forms of treatment for amblyopia are occlusion therapy and pharmacologic penalization. But these methods can not recover all the visual deficits of amblyopes and there are some disadvantages of the treatment which need to be considered, including adverse effects, compliance and social stigma. Recently, some novel approaches are investigated for improving the effectiveness and compliance of treatment for amblyopia.

Biomedical Research ; Dental Research ; Humans ; Taste ; Taste Buds ; cytology

Molecular target-based cancer therapy is playing a more and more important role in cancer therapy because of its high specificity, good tolerance and so on. There are different kinds of molecular targeted drugs such as monoclonal antibodies and small molecular kinase inhibitors, and more than 50 drugs have been approved since 1997. When the first monoclonal antibody, rituximab, was on the market. The development of molecular target-based cancer therapeutics has become the main approach. Based on this, we summarized the drugs approved by FDA and introduced their mechanism of actions and clinical applications. In order to incorporate most molecular targeted drugs and describe clearly various characteristics, we divided them into four categories: drugs related to EGFR, drugs related to antiangiogenesis, drugs related to specific antigen and other targeted drugs. The purpose of this review is to provide a current status of this field and discover the main problems in the molecular targeted therapy.
Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Humans ; Molecular Targeted Therapy ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; antagonists & inhibitors

Objective To observe the changes in ovary blood supply of the tuberculous pelvic inflammation patient before and after treatment by color Doppler to explore the influences of tuberculous pelvic inflammation on uterus and ovary functions from hemodynamic aspect as well as the rehabilitation of uterus and ovary functions after treatment.Methods The 17 tuberculous pelvic inflammation patients in the observation group and 17 healthy women at child-bearing period underwent color Doppler examination,and such indexes were measured as the peak systolic flow velocities of uterine artery and arteria ovarica (Vmax),resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI).The measure values at all the stages were compared in the observation group,and then contrasted with those in the control group.The rehabilitation of ovary function was evaluated according to the measure values.Results The observation group had the Vmaxs of rami ovarii arteriae uterinae and arteria ovarica 3 months after treatment higher than those before treatment,and the Vmaxs of rami ovarii arteriae uterinae and arteria ovarica 1 a were significantly higher than those 6 months after treatment.The Vmaxs of rami ovarii arteriae uterinae and arteria ovarica in the observation group 3 months,6 months,1 a and 1.5 a after treatment were all higher statistically than those in the control group at corresponding periods.The observation group had the measure values of PI and RI before treatment as well as 3 months and 6 months after treatment obviously higher than those in the control group.The measure values of PI and RI 1 and 1.5 a after treatment in the observation group were also higher than those in the control group.Conclusion Uterine artery and arteria ovarica may have hemodynamic changes before and after pelvic tuberculosis treatment.Measuring the blood flow parameters of uterine artery and arteria ovarica before and after pelvic tuberculosis treatment contributes to evaluating pelvic tuberculosis treatment efficacy and predicting ovarian function rehabilitation after treatment.

Some important network addresses of microbiology teaching reso ur ces and two effective searching engines in Internet were provided. How to searc h, download and apply these resources to the teaching practice were discussed in this paper.

0.05).Conclusion Polymorphic Hind Ⅲ restriction site of the Y chromosome may be associated with essential hypertension.

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by enterbaeterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction(ERIC-PCR)DNA fingerprint. Methods Mycobacterium tuberculosis positive sputum samples between September 2003 to May 2006 were collected and cultured.Chromosomal DNA were extracted and ERIC-PCR DNA fingerprinting was analyzed by software,such as RAPD PHYLIP and Treeview.Results A total of 42 different fingerprints were detected.Phylogenetic analysis showed that they could be classified into three clusters,the clustering rate was 72.6%.The characteristics of ERIC-PCR fingerprint patterns were related to age,drug resistance,and type of resistance.Conclusions ERIC-PCR DNA fingerprinting technique used in this study is good for epidemiological studies with its strong discrimination,simplicity and rapidness.A high level of recent transmission is found in our city.

Usage of reverse genetic techniques in the research area of the fundamental etiology of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), has resolved the issue about the function of viral gene of FMDV on genomic integer level. At present, a further recognition and apprehension for the molecular etiology of FMDV based on the development in reverse genetics was made. Combined with the research work in our labs, we reviewed international advances about the molecular pathogenic mechanism, the relationship be-tween virulence and variation in the genomes, influencing factors for the viral replication, and the develop-ment of new-type gene vaccine of FMD in this article, and propose the potential research aspects in reverse genetics of FMDV in the future.