A 1.8 kb HinfI fragment carrying the chitinase gene(chiA) from Serratia marcescens was isolated from the plasmid pLCHIA and was inserted into the SmaI site downstream of the strong Ptac promoter in the expression vector pKK223-3,yielding the plasmid pKChiA.The 2.1 kb PtacChiA fusion fragment was excised by BamHI from the plasmid pKChiA and was inserted into the single BamHI site present within the plasmid pMC71A,thus generating the plasmid pMChiA.High levels of chitinase were produced by the E.coli strains HB101 and JM105 carrying the plasmid pKChiA or the plasmid pMChiA,with the amount of production were higher 1～3 fold than that produced by the strains carrying the plasmid pLCHIA.

Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Solvents ; analysis

Objective To investigate the effects of total anthraquinone in rheum on aquaporin 2 and aquaporin 4 expression in rat kidney and explore its diuresis mechanism.Methods Thirty-two SD rats were randomly divided into control group,low dose group,medium dose group and high dose group.Total anthraquinone in rheum was administered to rats at different doses.Urinary volume of 24 h,Na+ concentration and osmolality were detected.Rats were sacrificed 5 days later.Blood samples were taken from the abdominal aorta to detect blood biochemical indicators. Kidneys of rats were removed to detect AQP2, AQP4 expression through immunohistochemistry,Western blot,and RT-PCR. Results Compared with control group,there were significantly increased 24 h urine output of rats in medium and high dose group[(16.21±1.96),(18.16±1.8) ml vs(13.85±1.25)ml,P＜0.05].24 h urine output in low-dose group did not change significantly.AQP2 protein and mRNA expression were significantly decreased in rats'kidneys of medium and high dose group (P＜0.01),The AQP4 protein and mRNA expression was significantly down-regulated in high dose group (P＜0.01).In medium does group,the AQP4 protein expression was down-regulated (P＜0.01),without significant decrease in the mRNA expression.Protein and mRNA expression of AQP2 and AQP4 did not significantly change in low dose group.Conclusion Total anthraquinone in rheum can reduce the expression level of AQP2 and AQP4 in rat kidney,which is probably one mechanism of diuresis caused by rheum.

According to morphological and microscopic characteristics, a high-efficient decolorizing fungus, the strain Asaw117, was identified as Aspergillus awamori. Selecting eight different dyes from Azo dyes, anthraquinones dyes and oxygen Quinones dyes, the decolorizing assays of various dyes showed that the strain Asaw 117 was the highest decolorizing potential to 0.1 g/L Vat Blue RSN, the discoloration rate up to 100 percent. Comparing to different kinds of medium and several of carbon and nitrogen sources, the strain had the best decolorizing efficient although grew slower in the Czapek medium, otherwise, grew quicker and decolorizing efficient lower in the PDF medium. It could use Vat Blue RSN as a nitrogen source, but not as a carbon source. The medium composing of saccharose and ammonium nitrate as carbon and nitrogen sources was decolorizing potential markedly during different combinations of carbon and nitrogen sources. So the strain has good potential for the dyeing wastewater treatment

Traditional herbal medicines, Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium and Panax notoginseng, attract our attention for their extensive and powerful pharmacological activities. Ginsenosides are the main active constituents of these medicinal herbs. The related glycosyltransferases involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis are the key enzymes which catalyze the last important step. Modification of ginsenoside aglycones by glycosyltransferases produces the complexity and diversity of ginsenosides, which have more extensive pharmacological activity. At present, ginsenoside aglycones and compound K have been obtained by synthetic biology. As the last step of ginsenoside biosynthesis, glycosylation of ginsenoside aglycones has been studied intensively in recent years. This review summarizes the basic strategies and research advances in studies on glycosyltransferases involved in ginsenoside biosynthesis, which is expected to lay the theoretical foundation for the in-depth research of biosynthetic pathway of ginsenosides and their production by synthetic biology.
Biosynthetic Pathways ; Ginsenosides ; biosynthesis ; Glycosyltransferases ; metabolism ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Synthetic Biology

Novozym 435 was selected from four lipases and two proteinase because of its high catalytic activity and enantiosectivity.For the ammonolysis of (?)-?-methylbenzyl acetate,The effect of ammonia sources,the concentration of enzyme and substrates on the reaction were further explored .under the optimum conditions of this study,after 6h reaction,with the enantiomeric excess of the remaining (-)-?-methylbenzyl acetate was found to be higher than 99%.

The effects of reaction media, water activity, temperature and pH on Novozym 435-catalyzed enantiose-lective ammonolysis of (?) -?-methylbenzyl acetate have been systematically explored. Novozym 435 showed high catalytic activity and enantioselectivity in hexane; the optimum temperature and the initial water activity were 25℃ and 0.33 respectively; The suitable reaction pH was in the range of 6.0 - 7.0.

Objective: To study the methylation state within MAGE 1 B′B promoter in gastric carcinoma and the association between demethylation and pathological differentiation, the association between demethylation and clinical stage. Methods: Using methylation sensitive restriction analysis followed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR),we studied 80 specimen that were obtained from surgical samples (including 40 gastric carcinoma and 40 matched adjacent normal gastric mucosae).Results: An demethylation state was identified in DNA from gastric carcinoma specimens.The demethvlation rate is 25%(10/40).In contrast,no demethylation state was identified in DNA from matched adjacent normal gastric mucosae. The differences were Significant statistically. ln our study, the demethylation in poorly, moderately, and well differentiated glandulous cell carcinoma were detected at frequencies of 50%,18.7% and 8.3%,respectively, The differences were significant statistically ( P

Objective To investigate the psychological well-being and the correlation between psychological status and social support among the settled immigrations from Three Gorges Reservoir areas. Methods A cluster randomized sampling was selected and 646 objects were interviewed with Basic Situation Scale,Symptom Check-list 90(SCL-90) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS). Results Our findings from the results of SCL-90 revealed that the positive rate of psychological problem was higher in settled immigration than that of local permanent residents (χ2= 4.10, P=0.04). The differences of scores on 6 factors including compulsion ( t=2.644, P=0.009 ), interpersonal-sensitivity ( t= 3.220, P =0.001), depression ( t=2.684, P=0.008 ), anxiety ( t=3.003, P= 0.003 ), paranoid-ideation ( t =3.246, P=0.001 ), psychoticism ( t=2.088, P=0.038) and the total score ( t=2.506, P=0.013) were significantly different in female between the two groups. There were also significant differences of 10factors score and total score (t=4.114, P=0.000) noticed between the two groups in age≤50 (P<0.05) and the differences of 4 factors score including somatization ( t=2.777, P=0.006), interpersonal-sensitivity (t=2.384, P=0.018), hostility ( t = 3.174, P = 0.002), paranoid ideation ( t = 2.611, P =0.010). The total scores (t = 2.125, P = 0.034) were significantly different between the two groups in illiteracy and having received primary school education. Other than compulsion factor (t = 1.884, P =0.061) and phobic anxiety factor (t = 0.979, P = 0.328), there were significant differences on other factors and the total score between the two groups in non-farmers (P< 0.05). Except compulsion (r =- 0.103,P >0.05), hostility ( r = -0.084, P>0.05) and paranoid ideation factor ( r =-0.071, P>0.05), the negative correlations were obvious between the total score, other factors score and social support(P<0.05 ). The negative correlation was obvious between somatization (r=-0.128, P<0.05 ),depression ( r=-0.140, P<0.05 ), anxiety. ( r=-0.137, P<0.05 ), phobic anxiety ( r =-0.120, P <0.05),additional factor ( r=-0.143, P<0.05) total score ( r =-0.137, P< 0.05) and subjective support. The correlation coefficient was not significant between SCL-90 total score, 10 factors score and that of objective support (P>0.05). Conclusion The psychological status of settled immigration was not satisfactory and closely correlated to psychological mental level and social support.

For the establishment of chemical library of protoberberines provided for the bio-activity screening, the target compounds were synthesized by thermal degradation and nucleophilic substitution reactions with the bio-active alkaloid, palmatine (1), as the raw material, and their structures were identified and conformed by 1H-NMR and MS spectra. Among them, 13 compounds were new.
Berberine Alkaloids ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure