Objective Construction of a predicting model of uncertainty in illness based on Mishel's theories of uncertainty in illness in a sample of the postoperative patients with digestive system tumors undergoing chemotherapy.Methods By convenient sampling method,MUIS-A,MSAS,SSRS were used to evaluate 484 postoperative patients with digestive system cancer during chemotherapy period,and then AMOS 17.0 software was used to perform analysis.Results The score of uncertainty in illness of postoperative patients with the digestive system cancer undergoing chemotherapy was in the medium level (89.86+11.84) points; Structure provider (social support,economic income) could not only reduce the uncertainty directly,but also had an indirect effect on the uncertainty by stimuli frame (symptoms pattern,event familiarity).Conclusions Structure equation model can be applied to the uncertainty in illness model construction,so as to help medical staff manage uncertainty in illness pertinently.

Objective To investigate the empathy of clinical nurses and analyze the influencing fac-tors.Methods Totally 465 clinical nurses were investigated with demographic data and interpersonal Reactivity Index-C (IRI-C).Results Mean score of the empathy of clinical nurses was (53.77±8.99)points with a medium level.Age,working years,whether or not to engage in management work were the main predictors of empathy.There were no significant differences in nurses with different genders,marital status,professional titles,education degree,hospital grades.Conclusions The length of the working years is one of the important factors of nursing unit.Common clinical nurses should be involved in the nursing manage-ment.Clinical nurses should pay attention to the study and discussion about empathy knowledge in order to improve their level of empathy.

Objective To observe the learning and memory ability,oxidative stress,apoptosis morphological changes in the hippocampus,and to explore the effects of hyperuricemia on cognitive function.Methods 51 healthy male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups (17 in each group):Blank group,Distilled water group and Hyperuricemia group.Using the lavage methods of yeast extract combined with ethambntol to establish hyperuricemic model.Morris water maze test was used to measure the learning and memory ability.The levels of MDA,GSH-Px,ASAFR,SOD were measured through chemical colorimetry.Hippocampus morphology structures were observed under the HE staining light microscopy to detect the apoptosis of hippocampus cone cell with TUNEL.Results The average escaped latency and passing platform times of Blank group had no significant difference compared with those of Distilled water group and Hyperuricemia group (all P＞ 0.05).GSH-Px,ASAFR,SOD of Hyperuricemia group ((83.70 ± 5.47) nmol/mg,(606.03±46.61) U/L and (55.05 ± 2.11) units/mg) were increased compared with those of Blank group ((67.28±8.37) nmol/mg,(473.84 ± 57.64) U/L,(45.79 ± 2.05) units/mg) and Distilled water group ((71.96±9.47) nmol/mg,(505.97 ± 47.19) U/L,(46.24 ± 3.65) units/mg) (all P＜ 0.05).Compared with Blank group ((3.19±1.14) μmol/L) and Distilled water group ((3.16±1.43) μmol/L),the MDA of Hyperuricemia group ((1.74±0.45) μmol/L) was significantly decreased (all P＜ 0.05).Form and structures of hippocampal neurons of each group were basically normal under the HE staining light microscopy.Compared with Blank group (CA1:(3.59±0.63) ％,CA3:(5.54± 0.78) ％) and Distilled water group (CA1:(3.25±0.97) ％,CA3:(5.96± 0.82) ％),the hippocampal cells of Hyperuricemia group (CA1:(4.04± 0.78) ％,CA3:(5.95±0.80) ％) also had no statistical differences (P＞0.05).Conclusion Hyperuricemia has antioxidant effect on hippocampal neurons and has no effect on cognitive function and hippocampal neural morphology in rats.

Chronic intermitted hypoxia including sleep breathing disorder leads to brain injury. This study explores the potential therapeutic effects of grape seed proanthocyanidin as a neuroprotective agent. A rat model of chronic intermittent hypoxia was employed, and the animals were given low or high doses of grape seed proanthocyanidin. The ultrastructure changes in the brain, the biochemical components, and the animal behavior were examined. The results showed that with hypoxia exposure, neuronal mitochondria exhibited injuries at ultrastructural level, with increased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and reduced superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining revealed increased cell apoptosis in hippocampus. In Morris water maze the animals showed decreased learning abilities, when compared to normal control. The administration of grape seed proanthocyanidin treatment reversed all these observed changes, and improved the learning behavior. We concluded that grape seed proanthocyanidin could alleviate the brain injury caused by hypoxia from sleep breathing disorder.

Objective To explore the relationship of empathy ability and leadership among nurse managers.Methods 184 nurse managers completed the Interpersonal Reactivity Index-Chinese Version (IRI-C)scale and Leadership Questionnaire for Nursing Manager for empathy and leadership.Results The average score of the empathy is 57.72±8.59,the average score of leadership is 102.38±14.38.The relationship between empathy and leadership is positive and the coefficient of correlation is r =0.21,(P＜0.05).Conclusion The empathy and leadership ability of the nurse managers surveyed are found to be at intermediate level; empathy ability and leadership have positive interactions; and improved empathy ability of nurse managers can strengthen their leadership.

Adult ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic ; metabolism ; Dermatofibrosarcoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Fibroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Lipoma ; pathology ; Neurofibroma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate moisture content and hygroscopicity of spray dry powder of Gubi compound's water extract obtained at different spray drying conditions and laying a foundation for spray drying process of Chinese herbal compound preparation.

METHODIn the paper, on the basis of single-factor experiments, the author choose inlet temperature, liquid density, feed rate, air flow rate as investigated factors.

RESULTThe experimental absorption rate-time curve and scanning electron microscopy results showed that under different spray drying conditions the spray-dried powders have different morphology and different adsorption process.

CONCLUSIONAt different spray-dried conditions, the morphology and water content of the powder is different, these differences lead to differences in the adsorption process, at the appropriate inlet temperature and feed rate with a higher sample density and lower air flow rate, in the experimental system the optimum conditions is inlet temperature of 150 degrees C, feed density of 1.05 g x mL(-1), feed rate of 20 mL x min(-1) air flow rate of 30 m3 x h(-1).

Desiccation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions ; Particle Size ; Powders ; chemistry ; Temperature ; Water ; analysis ; Wettability

Objective To test the effect of bone marrow mesenehymal stem cells (MSCs) transplantation on oxidative stress and the development of pulmonary emphysema in rats. Methods SD rats (n=26) were randomly divided into three groups:normal control group (group A, n=8),emphysema group (group B, n=8) and emphysema+MSCs transplantation group (group C, n=10).Rat models of emphysema was established by exposing rats to cigarette smoking for 14 weeks. Then rats of group C received MSCs transplantation. At the 14th and 28th days after 4 course of MSCs transplantations, one rat in group C was sacrificed at each time point and their lungs were preserved in frozen sections. Survival of MSCs in the lung tissues were observed by fluorescence microscopy. Eight weeks after transplantations, lung sections were stained by hematoxylin and eo?sin (HE) to observe the morphological alterations.Mean linear intercept (MLI) and mean alveolar numbers (MAN) were also measured. Serum and lung malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were also examined. Re?sults At the 14th day and 28th day after transplantations of MSCs, MSCs successfully localized to lung and survived in rat models of emphysema. Emphysematous changes of lung tissues were observed in both group B and group C. MLI was higher while MAN was lower in group B and C than those in group A (P<0.05). MLI and MDA levels in serum and lung were high?er while MAN level and SOD activity were lower in group B than those in group C (P<0.05).MDA levels in serum and lung was higher while SOD activity was lower in group B and C than those in group A (P<0.05). Conclusion MSCs transplanta?tions can effectively alleviates pulmonary emphysema in rat models which might through reducing oxidative stress .

OBJECTIVE To analyze the pathogen distribution and resistance pattern of the positive clinical sputum specimens in our hospital.METHODS The bacteria and fungi were identified by API system.The susceptibility of antimicrobial and antifungal agents was tested by KB and Rosco disk diffusion method and the data were analyzed by WHONET 5.4 software.RESULTS In 2008,in our hospital,the majority of the positive specimens were distributed among cerebral surgery department,intensive care unit(ICU),respiratory and pediatric departments.The pathogens of the eight highest isolating rate were Pseudomonas aeruginosa(20%),Candida albicans(18%),Acinetobacter baumannii(10.7%),Staphylococcus aureus(6.5%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(6%),Enterobacter cloacae(4%),Haemophilus influenzae(3.8%),and Stenotropho maltophilia(3.5%).In view of the resistance,no Staphylococcus species were resistant to vancomycin,but they were resistant to many other antimicrobial agents.Gram-negative Enterobactericaeae were sensitive to carbapenems,cefoperazone/sulbactam and piperacillin/tazobactam.Among nonfermenters,P.aeruginosa and S.maltophilia were resistant to the most antimicrobial agents while Acinetobacter were comparatively sensitive to carbapenems and cefoperazone/sulbactam.CONCLUSIONS The pathogens in lower respiratory tract infections have a high resistance rate to many antimicrobial agents.In view of the seriousness of this problem,we should emphasis on it and select antimicrobial agents rationally.

OBJECTIVE To study the mutation profiles of hepatitis B virus(HBV) in the core regions.METHODS Based on the sequence alignment of all HBV genotypes,specific primers targeting all HBV genotypes were designed to amplify the core region of HBV followed by sequence analysis on the sequencing data available.RESULTS Among the 34 cases,23 cases showed mutations in the core region.According to the mutation profiles,the most common mutations were the A1762T(50.0%) and G1764A(52.9%) in the basic core promoter(BCP) regions,and it always showed as double mutations.The L60V in core gene regions was the secondary common mutations(17.6%).Among all patients,there were 18,6 and 10 cases showed mutations in BCP,pre-core,and core gene regions,respectively.The most common mutations in BCP,pre-core,and core gene regions were the double mutations at A1762T and G1764A(94.7%),G1896A(83.3%),and L60V(50.0%),respectively.CONCLUSIONS The most common mutations in the core region of HBV are the double mutations at A1762T and G1764A.Analysis on the mutation profiles of HBV core regions might be helpful for the prognosis and prediction of HBV infections.