? AlM: To evaluate the efficacy of Esculin and Digitalisglycosides eye drops and acupoint massage alone or combination of both on video display terminal ( VDT ) asthenopia.
?METHODS: Totally, 224 patients with VDT asthenopia were randomly divided into eye drops group ( n = 56 ) received the intervention by Esculin and Digitalisglycosides eye drops, acupoint massage group (n=56) received the intervention by acupoint massage around the eyes, and combination group ( n=56 ) received the intervention by combination of both and control group received the intervention by ocular hygiene instruction. The effect was evaluated after 4wk. The symptoms curative effect index, tear film break-up time ( BUT) , Schirmer l test ( Slt) and corneal fluorescein staining score were as the indexes of evaluation.
? RESULTS: The symptoms curative effect index of combination group (78. 96±5. 29)% was higher than that of eye drops group (69. 55±6. 23)% and acupoint massage group (71. 15±6. 41)%, which of after both groups was higher than that of control group ( 33. 01±4. 26 )% ( P<0. 01). The main effects of Esculin and Digitalisglycosides eye drops and acupoint massage and its interations for the curative effect index were statistically significant ( P<0. 01). BUT and Slt of after intervention in eye drops group were significantly higher than that of before intervention, acupoint massage group and combination group (P<0. 05); After intervention, BUT of combination group was higher than that of eye drops group, acupoint massage group and control group; Slt of control group was lower than that of eye drops group, acupoint massage group and combination group.
? CONCLUSlON: Esculin and Digitalisglycosides eye drops and acupoint massage could improve symptoms and ocular physiology in patient with VDT asthenopia, and the effects of the combinative use of both are synergistic.

Animals ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Female ; Humans ; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Organometallic Compounds ; pharmacology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Radioisotopes ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; pharmacology ; Random Allocation ; Rhenium ; Tumor Burden ; drug effects ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

Hepatitis B is a serious infectious disease worldwide, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the direct cause of this disease. In recent years, as an essential part of its evolutionary process, HBV mutation has been extensively studied domestically and globally. However, the study on the conserved sequences in HBV sequences is still in its infancy. In this study, we applied multiple EM for motif elicitation (MEME) algorithm to discover HBV motif and proposed a new metric, conservative index (CI), to carry out phylogenetic analysis based on HBV sequences. Then, the constructed phylogenetic tree was subjected to reliability assessment. The results demonstrated that the new metric CI combined with the MEME algorithm can effectively help to discover motifs in HBV sequences and construct a phylogenetic tree based on them and to analyze the evolutionary relationship between HBV sequences; in addition, the possible ancestral sequences of samples may be obtained by conservative analysis. The proposed method is valuable for the exploratory study on large HBV sequence data sets.
Computational Biology ; Conserved Sequence ; Evolution, Molecular ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Nucleotide Motifs ; Phylogeny ; Reproducibility of Results

Objective To establish the rat overlap syndrome (OS) model of intermittent hypoxia (IH) combined with pulmonary emphysema and to explore its connection with hepatic oxidative stress, inflammatory status in the live and coagu?lation profile. Methods Male Wistar rats (n=60) were randomly divided into four groups:control group (A), IH group (B), pulmonary emphysema group (C) and OS group (D). The rat model of pulmonary emphysema was established by exposing rats in smoke for 16 weeks. From the 13th week, pre-programmed intermittent hypoxia/re-oxygenation (IH/ROX) exposure was given in the meantime of smoke exposure in OS group. Liver tissues were sectioned or triturated for pathological scoring or for detecting expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and malondialdehyde (MDA) respectively. Se?rum levels of coagulant/anticoagulant factors such as antithrombin (AT), fibrinogen (FIB), von Willebrand factor(vWF) and FactorⅧ(FⅧ) were also evaluated using biochemistry analysis. Results The levels of pathological scores and coagulant factors(FIB, FⅧ:C and vWF:Ag)were significantly higher in group D than those in group A, B and C. The values of SOD, CAT and AT were significantly lower in group D than those in other three groups. Serum levels of FIB, vWF:Ag, FⅧ:C and AT:A correlated with SOD(r equal to-0.905、-0.941、-0.946 and 0.817 respective,P<0.01). Conclusion In rat overlap syndrome when IH combined with pulmonary emphysema, hepatic inflammation and coagulability present mutual promotion effect and produce a more significant liver-derivative inflammatory and prothrombotic status.

Objective To analyse the plasma glucose change in the patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and to discuss its possible mechanism. Methods The clinical data of 61 cases with SARS in Tianjin were retrospectively analysed. Results Plasma glucose level increased in 26 cases with SARS, among them, 2 cases suffered from diabetes before SARS onset, 24 cases were diagnosed as the secondary diabetes whose blood glucose level recovered normal after SARS were cured, except 4 cases who were dead. All of the 61 cases were treated with glucocorticoids. If the patients were grouped by the dose of methylprednisolone they received, 9 out of 14 cases with large dose, 14 out of 26 cases with middle dose and 1 out of 21 cases with small dose were led to secondary diabetes. There was significant difference in the incidence of the secondary diabetes between the small dose group and middle/large dose groups (P

Objective To determine levels of nuclear factor (NF)-κB, interleukin (IL)-10, and visfatin in adipocytes treated by different degrees of intermittent hypoxia (IH), and to investigate the mechanism of IH leading to insulin resistance (IR). Methods The cell model of intermittent hypoxia/re-oxygenation (IH/ROX) in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) was established. Differentiation mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes, were randomly divided into 10 groups including four different-frequency intermittent hypoxia groups(IH1-4, fixed intermittent hypoxia scheme for 1.5%O2 45 s and then re-oxygen 21%O2 for 2 min 15 s, 4 min 15 s, 5 min 45 s and 8 min 45 s, 60 times circulation), and their normal oxygen control groups (SC1-4, instead each IH group 1.5%O2 to 21%O2, the rest groups were treated as same as IH group), continuous hypoxia group (CH, 10%O2 for 6 h) and normal oxygen control group (CC, 21%O2 for 6 h). ELISA method was used to determine the levels of IL-10 and visfatin in the supematant of adipocytes. Western blot method was used to determine the protein levels of NF-κB p65 and visfatin. Real-time PCR method was used to determine the mRNA levels of IL-10 and visfatin. Results The protein and mRNA expressions of IL-10 were significantly lower in IH group and CH group than those of control groups (P<0.01). The levels of NF-κB p65 protein were significantly increased in IH group and CH group than those of control group. The protein and mRNA expressions of visfatin were significantly higher in IH1, IH2 and CH groups than those of control group (P<0.01). Conclusion As a prominent feature of OSA pathophysiology, IH may take part in insulin resistance of OSA patients by abnormally secreting NF-κB, IL-10 and visfatin in adipocytes.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repeated intermittent hypoxia (IH), hypercapnia, sleep fragmentation and intrathoracic pressure change. IH is related to the clinical pathophysiological processes of hypertension, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, arrhythmia, stroke, heart failure and sudden death. IH from OSA can lead to metabol-ic dysregulation, endothelial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress and the change of nerve body fluids, which has been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study mainly describes the pathogenesis of IH leading to the various cardiovascular diseases.

AIM:To set up a method for determining epimedin C and icariin in Xianling Guobao Capsules(Herba Epimedii,Radix et Rhizoma Salviae miltiorrhizae,Fructus Psoraleae,Radix Rehmanniae,etc.). METHODS:The chromatographic conditions included the column of Spherisorb C 18 (4.6 mm?250 mm,5 ?m),the mobile phase was acetonitrice and water as gradient eluent was at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min,the detection wavelength was set at 270 nm and the column temperature was at 25 ℃. RESULTS:The linear range of epimedin C was 0.22-2.20 ?g and icariin was 0.04-0.40 ?g,respectively. The average recovery of epimedin C and icariin were 103.2% (RSD=3.1%) and 97.8% (RSD=3.2%),respectively. CONCLUSION:The method is reliable,stable and well reproducible,and can control the quality of Xianling Guobao Capsules.

Guided by the principle of multimedia instruction, the author puts forward a new teaching mode, in which theoretical teaching and experimental teaching can be processed synchronously based on campus network, interactive teaching is dominative, students are the principal part, and integral optimization of theoretical teaching and experimental teaching can be realized.

Objective To investigate the relativity of the lupus anticoagulant(LAC), anticadiolipin antibody(aCL) - IgG,aCL-IgM,aCL-IgA levels and clinical symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and to determine the significance of the LAC level in the prognosis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) by detecting the LAC and aCL-IgG, IgM,IgA levels in 310 children with SLE and 249 children with ITP. Methods Kadin-cephalin clotting time(KCCT) and correcting test to detect the plasma LAC level and to the serum aCL- IgG, IgM, IgA levels with enzyme - linked immunosorbent assay. Results In SLE group, there were 66.1% patients with higher LAC among whom 45.9% patients suffered from lupus nephritis , aCL subantibody level elevated in 46.8% patients (90.2% IgG and/or IgM) serum; 46.9% and 11.7% patients suffered from central nervous system diseases and blood diseases with SLE respectively. In ITP group, 36.2% patients with LAC positive were diagnosed as SLE by detecting the serum antinuclear antibody level, and 7.6% suffered from SLE subsequently in the period of 2 months to 2.4 years. Conclusions The LAC and aCL subantibody levels may have an important relativity with the clinical symptoms of SLE. The LAC is the predominant pathologic autoantibody in patients with lupus nephritis, and the aCL subantibody( IgM, IgG) levels were related to lupus thromboangiitis. The IAC level of children with ITP should be monitored in order to determine the prognosis of the disease as soon as possible.