Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Brain Ischemia ; physiopathology ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Female ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; methods ; Male ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; prevention & control

Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class I ; genetics ; Humans ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Transplantation, Homologous

Objective To investigate the effects of Kinesio taping on function of knees in girls. Methods 20 female students were tested the peak torque of centripedal and eccentric contraction of knee flexion and extension with Biodex isokinetic testing at 60°/s angular velocity, with Kinesio taping, placebo taping and without taping. Their amplitude root of mean square (RMS) of surface electromyography of vastus medialis (VM), rectus femoris (RM) and vastus lateralis (VL) were also recorded. Results For centripedal isokinetic contraction, the relative extensors peak torque was the most as Kinesio taping (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in relative flexor peak torque (P> 0.05). Standardized RMS of VM and VL were the least as Kinesio taping (P<0.01), but not significantly different of RF among all the conditions (P>0.05). For eccentric isokinetic contraction, the relative extensor peak torque of both extensors and flexors were the most as Kinesio taping (P<0.01), while the Standardized RMS of VM and VL were the least (P<0.01), but no significant difference was observed in RF (P> 0.05). Conclusion Kinesio taping may enhance the strength of centripedal, eccentric contractions of quadriceps and eccentric contractions of hamstring, and increase the muscle fibers recruitment of VM and VL.

avian influenza virus (AIV) can not only infect avian and cause pandemics,but also result infection and initiate pandemics in humans and other mammal animals,crossing the species barrier.There have been some advance in research into the nonspecific species barrier of human respiratory tract against AIV infection and the mechanism of the infection of AIV in humans in recent years.

Objective:To optimize the extraction technology of compound Xiongdan capsules. Methods: The effects of water a-mount, decoction duration and decoction times on the water extraction technology were investigated by orthogonal design using the ex-tract derivation rate and the content of ginsenoside Rg1 , Re and Rb1 as the indices. Results:The optimal water extraction conditions for ginseng and Nidus vespa were as follows:decocting three times with 8-fold of water, and extracting for one hour each time. The extract was condensed until the relative density was 1.20(80-90℃), and then dried and crushed into fine powder. The other herbs were crushed into fine powder and screened by No. 5 meshes. The above powder was blended and well mixed with starch, and then packed into capsules. Conclusion:The optimized water extraction technology is stable, feasible and reproducible, which provide reference for industrial production.

The recent studies have suggested that matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)are close associated with the instability of atherosclerotic plaques,the formation and development of intracranial aneurysm,ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic transformation.The study and application of MMP inhibitor may become a new approach in the treatment of cerebrovascular diseases.

Objective To explore the effect of lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)on blood-brain barrier(BBB) permeability and its possible mechanism.Methods LPA or LPA+suramin(L+S)were stereotaxically injected into the right eaudate nucleus in SD rats in vivo.Evans blue(EB)was used to quantitatively measure the permeability of BBB at different time points.The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 was detected by immunohistochemistry technique.The pathological ultrastruetural changes of BBB were assessed by transmission electron microscopy.Results The BBB permeability began to increase after LPA administered into ipsilateral eaudate nucleus,and reached the peak at 24h.Then the permeability of BBB gradually lowered after 48h.In comparison with the same time points of control group,there were quite significant differences(P＜0.01).After L+S was injected,the change of BBB permeability had differences in comparison with those of LPA group in the same time points,(P＜0.05).MMP-9 positive cells were mainly vascular endothelial cells.The numbers of MMP-9 positive blood vessels grew at 6h in LPA group,and the expression of it reached maximum at 24h,then the number of it decreased at 48h,showing significant statistical differences in comparison with the L+S group(P＜0.01),It was observed microscopically that ultrastrueture of BBB of the LPA group was changed sharply,such as basement membrane roughed and fragmented,astroeyte end-feet swolled markedly and perivaseular space enlarged obviously.But there were no remarkable changes in BBB in L+S group.Conclusion LPA can induce increase of BBB permeability and its possible mechanism is the strong expression of MMP-9 protein produeted by endothelial cells through the mediation of LPA receptor,leading to degradation of basement membrane.

Objective To study the methods and skill of vena cava filter placement via the antecubital access. Methods Six patients with DVT (4 males and 2 females, mean age of 62) underwent vena cava filter placement via the antecubital access in Huashan Hospital from Oct. 2004 to May. 2006. The right basilic vein was punctured with the use of micropuncture technique. SNF (Simon nitinol filter, Bard)was inserted through its carrier into the 90-cm-long sheath. The filter was then deployed with a standard fashion in the IVC, 5 cm inferior to the renal vein. Results The filter was once placed successfully in all six patients within average time of 25 min without complications, but with good healing, exclusion of bleeding and no phlebitis. The position of filter was accurate without deviation and no occurrence of pulmonary embolism. Conclusions vena cava filter placement via antecubital access is easy, minimal invasive, no need of lying in bed postoperatively. It is beneficial for DVT patients as an alternative for the contra-indication to femoral venous access.

Objective To evaluate the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) on brain injury in the patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).Methods Forty-five patients with chronic valvular heart disease,aged 36-62 yr,weighing 42-92 kg,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅱ or Ⅲ,with New York Heart Association of Ⅱ or Ⅲ,undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =15 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),and different doses of rHuEPO groups (EPO1 group,EPO2 group).In EPO1 and EPO2 groups,rHuEPO 40 and 80 IU/kg were injected intravenously before anesthesia induction,respectively.Before anesthesia induction (T0,baseline value),immediately after endotracheal intubation (T1),immediately after aortic cannulation (T2),immediately after cannulation of superior and inferior vena cava (T3),immediately after the beginning of CPB (T4),when each index was decreased to the minimal value during CPB (T5),after rewarming to 36.5 ℃ (T6),immediately after termination of CPB (T7),and at 1 h after termination of CPB (T8),regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2),tissue hemoglobin index (THI),and changes in concentrations of oxyhemoglobin (△ O2Hb),deoxyhemoglobin (△ HHb) and total hemoglobin (△ cHb) in bilateral frontal lobes were recorded.The patients whose minimal rSO2 ≤ 50％ and decrease in minimal rSO2 ≥ 20％ of the baseline value (△rSO2) were recorded.At T0,T8 and 2 h after termination of CPB (T9),venous blood samples were taken for determination of serum concentrations of S100 protein and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) by ELISA.At 1 day before surgery and 8 days after surgery,the patient's cognitive function was assessed using Mini-Mental State Examination,the Digit Span subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised (WAIS-R),the Digit Symbol subtest of the WAIS-R,the Trailing Making Test (Part A)and the Stroop Color Word Interference Test,while depression and anxiety were assessed by Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale and Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,respectively.The occurrence of postoperative cognitive dysfunction was recorded.Results There was no significant difference among the three groups in bilateral rSO2 and △ cHb,incidence of bilateral rSO2 ≤ 50％ and postoperative cognitive dysfunction,Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale score,and Zung Self-Rating anxiety Scale score at each time point (P＞0.05).Compared with group C,the incidence of left △ rSO2 ≥ 20％ was significantly decreased,the right △ O2 Hb was increased at T6,8,the serum NSE concentrations were decreased at T9,the serum S100 protein concentrations were decreased at T8,and the number of the Digit Symbol subtest of the WAIS-R completed was increased in group EPO1,and right THI was significantly decreased at T2,T3,T5,T7 and T8,right △ HHb was increased at T2 and T3,and the completion time of Stroop color word interference test B was shortened at 8 days after surgery in group EPO2 (P＜0.05 or 0.01).Compared with group EPO1,the incidence of left △rSO2 ≥ 20％ was significantly increased,the right THI was decreased at T2-4 and T6-8,and the left △ O2 Hb at T6-7 and right △ O2 Hb at T8 were decreased in group EPO2 (P＜0.05).Conclusion rHuEPO 40 IU/kg injected intravenously before induction of anesthesia can mitigate brain injury in the patients undergoing cardiac valve replacement with CPB.

Objective:To promote the rational drug use in the patients treated with ambulatory chemotherapy. Methods:A model of integrated pharmaceutical care was established using such service as the real-time prescription examination, configuration standardi-zation, active care and prescription review. Results:The integrated pharmaceutical care could effectively reduce the unreasonable drug use, optimize drug use structure, lower the medical expenses and provide supporting data for clinical decision-making. Conclusion:The development of integrated pharmaceutical care in the patients treated with ambulatory chemotherapy is an important field for phar-macists displaying professional skills, which can promote the rational drug use. The treatment efficacy and life quality of cancer patients can be improved with the cooperation of doctors, nurses and pharmacists.