98.95%.The results of certified reference materials were consistent with the target value,and average deviation was -0.31%～1.35%.HPLC was served as the independent variable.When ereatinine was 200 ?mol/L,Bias of Beckman LX20 system,Vitros dry chemistry system and enzymatic method were -10%～13%,-13%～14% and -20%～10%,respectively.Bias of enzymatic method results was mostly negative,when creatinine was

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in clinical efficacy on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at stable stage in the patients among the combined therapy of cutting method and western medication (combined therapy), simple cutting method and simple western medication.

METHODSOne hundred and twenty cases of COPD were randomized into three groups, 40 cases in each one. In the cutting method group, for excessive phlegm pattern/syndrome, Feishu (BL 13), Danzhong (CV 17), Dingchuan (EX-B 1) and Yuji (LU 10) were selected as the main acupoints, and Lieque (LU 7) and Pianli (LI 6) were as the supplementary acupoints. For the pattern/syndrome of failure to consolidate kidney primary, Shenshu (BL 23), Pishu (BL 20), Guanyuan (CV 4) and Yuji (LU 10) were selected as main acupoints, and Jueyinshu (BL 14) and Zusanli (ST 36) were as the supplementary acupoint. Three acupoints were selected alternatively in each treatment and the cutting method was applied once every 10 days. Three treatments made one session. Two sessions of treatment were required. In the western medication group, salbutamol sulfate aerosol, one press (200 μg/press) was used each night, as well as salmeterol xinafoate and fluticasone propionate powder for inhalation, one inhalation each night. The treatment of 1 month made one session. Two sessions were required. In the combined therapy group, the cutting method and western medication were applied in combination. The results of clinical symptom score, lung function test, arterial blood gas analysis, degree of inflation as well as clinical efficacy were observed before and after treatment in each group.

RESULTSExcept the degree of lung inflation, the clinical symptom score, indices of lung function test, partial pressure of arterial blood gas (PaO2) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) were all obviously improved after treatment as compared with those before treatment in each group (all P<0.05). They were apparently improved after treatment in the combined therapy group and the cutting method group as compared with those in the western medication group (all P<0.05). The total effective rate was 77.5% (31/40) in the combined therapy group and was 75.0% (30/40) in the cutting method group, both better than 60.0% (24/40) in the western medication group (both P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe simple cutting method based on syndrome differentiation and the combined therapy with western medication achieve the superior efficacy on COPD at stable stage as compared with the simple western medication. The effect mechanism is possibly related to the improvement of bronchial airway function through constant acupoint stimulation.

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Aged ; Albuterol ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Androstadienes ; administration & dosage ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Female ; Fluticasone ; Humans ; Lung ; physiopathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Salmeterol Xinafoate ; Treatment Outcome

Objective Understand the variation of serum creatinine measurement in clinical laboratories of some hospitals in Beijing.Methods 8 samples of mixed frozen human serum added different creatinine concentration standard materials(the creatinine concentration were80-1 000 ?mol/L)and 8 samples of mixed frozen serum of patients(contained different creatinine concentration)were distributed to 13 clinical laboratories(31 series of detection systems)with the way of spot investigation.Every clinical laboratories measured the samples followed the standard operating procedure.Results As to the mixed frozen human serum added different creatinine standard materials,the CV of different detection systems results were 5.74%-9.68%;as to the mixed frozen patients' serum,the CV was 5.90%-11.69%. Compared with Beckman closed detection systems,the results of Dade systems(which used the kinetic alkaline pieric acid method)showed the bias were-5.99%-0.35%,and as to the other systems which measured by alkaline picric acid method,when creatinine concentrations were 200 ?mol/L,the results showed negative bias,and the greatest bias was-8.45%.The bias plots revealed negative for all of the detection systems with enzymatic method over the whole concentration range,and the greatest bias was -8.88%.Conclusions The creatinine determination results of Beckman and Dade closed detection systems were consistent.The results of detection systems which used enzymatic method were generally lower than Beckman detection systems.What's more,the creatinine measurement variations of clinical laboratories were very large,especially for the results of unclosed detection systems,so it was urgent need to solve the standardization of creatinine measurement.

Objective:To investigate the role of SDF-1/CXCR4 in metastasis of renal cell carcinoma and to observe the intracellular location of different CXCR4 segments in renal carcinoma cells.Methods:The potential nuclear localization sequences of different CXCR4 were discovered by nuclear localization software and experiments.Full length and truncated forms of CXCR4 were fused with green fluorescent protein pEGFP-N1 and their influence on subcellular localization was examined by confocal microscopy after transfecting them into renal carcinoma cell line A498.Results:Analysis with PSORT Ⅱ Prediction revealed that the nuclear localization sequence region of CXCR4 was located between amino acids 146 and 149(RPRK).Expression products of the recombinant plasmids with SDF-1 stimulation,including EGFP-CXCR4(1-510 bp),EGFP-CXCR4(1-765 bp) and wild-type EGFP-CXCR4,were mainly located in the cell nuclei.However,expression product of EGFP-CXCR4(1-267 bp) with SDF-1 stimulation was mainly located in the renal cell cytoplasm.Expression product of wild-type EGFP-CXCR4 full length plasmid without SDF-1 stimulation was mainly located in the cell cytoplasm;these results accorded with the results of bioinformatics analysis.Conclusion:Nuclear localization sequence of CXCR4 is located in the amino acids 90 to 170,which provides a theoretical basis for further clarifying the nuclear localization sequences of CXCR4 in renal cell carcinoma cells and for finding new potential target for inhibiting the metastasis of renal cell carcinoma.

Objective To investigate the effect of different operations for cardia carcinoma on the postoperative anastomotic stoma complications.Methods Between December,2000 and May,2007,the clinical data 156 patients with carcinoma of gastric cardia who received different operations were analyzed retrospectively.Results The thoracoabdominal incision was performed in 57 cases,abdominal incision in 68 and left thoracic incision in 31 cases.The occurrence rate of anastomotic stoma complications in the patients with thoraco-abdominal,abdominal and left thoracic incision was 7.0%(4/57),7.4%(5/68),and 12.9%(4/31),respectively.The occurrence rate of anastomotic stoma complications in the patients using 25 mm end-end autosuture was 4.2%(4/95),in using of the 28mm autosuture group was 16.1%(P=0.0102).Conclusions The occurrence rate of anastomotic stoma complications can be reduced by choosing correct operation methods and using autosuture correctly.

AIM:To construct eukaryotic expression vector of Sirt2 and detect its expression in HEK293 cells. METHODS: Total RNA was isolated from brain tissue of a-dult SD rat. A 1 130 bp fragment containing the coding region of Sirt2 was amplified by RT-PCR and the resulting PCR product was subcloned into PMD20-T vector and se-quenced. Coding region of Sirt2 was generated with PCR by using the PMD20-T-Sirt2 as template, the amplified PCR fragment was inserted into the EcoR I and Hind Ⅲ sites of the pcDNA3. 1myc-his(-)A expression vector, and the sequence was confirmed by DNA sequencing. The expression of new construct pcDNA3.1 myc-his(-) A-Sirt2 in HEK293 cells was detected by immunofluorescence. RESULTS: The full length coding region of Sirt2 was obtained and confirmed by sequencing, the expression of Sirt2 was detected successfully in HEK293 cells. CONCLUSION: The eukaryotic expression vector of Sirt2 has been successfully constructed, which will provide a useful tool for designing an in-depth investigation of the role of Sirt2.

BackgroundChondroitin sulfate(CS) is a highly viscous and elastic acid mucopolysaccharide extracted from animal soft tissues,with a wide range of biological activity for use in clinical ophthalmology.Interim preservation solution containing CS has a significant protective effect on corneal endothelial cells (CECs).However,the protective effect played by CS in long-term glycerol cryopreservation of CECs remains to be studied.Objective This study is mainly attempted to investigate the protective effect of CS on graft CECs after cryopreservation by glycerin,and to compare the preserving outcome with that of sodium hyaluronate (SH).MethodsOne hundred and four eyes of fifty-two female Wistar rats were divided into four groups randomly.The cornea grafts were evenly anointed on the surface of the endothelium by 3％ CS and 1％ SH,respectively,and then cryopreserved in glycerol in the 3％ CS group and 1％ SH group,and the corneas cryopreserved only in glycerin were assigned to the glycerin only group.The fresh corneas of matched rats were used as the normal control group.Ninety-six female SD rats were appointed as recipients to receive allogeneic penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) 2 months after the graft cryopreservation.The viability of CECs on the corneas cryopreserved for 20 days and grafts of 14 days following surgery was assessed using trypan blue & alizarin red stain.The ultrastructure of cryopreserved corneas was examined under a transmission electron microscope.The rejection index (RI) and graft survival time were evaluated by inflammatory scoring under the slit lamp 1 day after operation,and regular pathological examination was performed after 7,14 or 30 days.The expression of transforming growth factor-β1 ( TGF-β1 ) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ( ICAM-1 ) in corneas and grafts were detected by immunochemistry.ResultsCECs morphology was normal in fresh cornea in normal control group,presenting no blue stained cells after trypan blue staining.In the 3％ CS group,few blue-stained cells were seen:however,the number of blue-stained cells noticeably increased in the 1％ SH group and glycerin only group.The viability and density of CECs were significantly lower in the 1％ SH group and glycerin only group,compared with the 3％ CS group (P＜0.05).Edema of the endoplasmic reticulum,inflammatory infiltration and neovascularization were more severe in the 1％ SH group and glycerin only group than the 3％ CS group 14 days after PKP.Compared with the 1％ SH group and glycerin only group,the R1 of the 3％ CS group was significantly reduced and the CECs survival time was delayed after PKP ( P＜0.05 ).Immunochemistry revealed that the expression of TGF-β1 in grafts (A value)was up-regulated and that of ICAM-1 was down-regulated in the 3％ CS group,compared with the 1％ SH group and glycerin only group ( P＜0.05).ConclusionsThe combination of 3％ CS with glycerol to cryopreserve corneal donor can maintain the viability of CECs for a longer duration and improve the effectiveness of PKP.

Objective To study CD64 expression in neutrophilic granulocyte and its clinical effect in neonatal infection disease. Methods CD64 was detected among 59 neonatal patients(septicemia group 34 patients, local infection group 25 patients)hospitalized in our neonatal department diagnosed as neonatal infection disease in 48 h after hospitalized,2 weeks after therapy, then the results were compared with 27 patients as non - infection disease during the same period. Results CD64 in septicemia group was (6156. 21?3643. 32) molecula per cell,in local infection group was (2176.19 ? 946. 32)molecula per cell, in non- infection group was (2176. 19 ? 946. 32) molecula per cell.There were significant differences among three groups (all P0.05). Conclusions CD64 expression increases in bacterium infection disease. It is more obvious in widespread infection desease.and it can be the mark in early diagnosis of neonatal infection disease.

Chronic kidney disease(CKD)is a major public health problem worldwide. Understanding by doctors and laboratorians of the importance of reliable serum creatinine measurement in GFR estimation and of factors that may affect creatinine measurement is critical to ongoing public health efforts to improve the diagnosis and treatment of patients with CKD.We present an overview of the commonly used methods,their performances and limitations and the required performance criteria for the measurement of serum creatinine.Available resources for standardization of serum creatinine measurements and recommendations for creatinine measurement and GFR estimations are introduced.

OBJECTIVETo explore the therapeutic efficacy of a combined treatment modality using transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complicated with main branch intraportal vein tumor thrombosis (PVTT).

METHODSClinical data was collected retrospectively for patients diagnosed with and treated for HCC plus main branch PVTT at our hospital between January 2007 and January 2010. The total study population (n = 51) consisted of 38 males and 13 females, with an average of 50.1 years (range: 24-73). Among these patients, 26 had been treated with TACE + PEI (group A) and 25 had been treated with TACE alone (group B). Short-term changes in PVTT (i.e. disappearance, shrinkage, and/or stability) and tumor (i.e. complete response, partial response, and/or stable disease) were assessed by using the t-test (continuous variables) or the Chi-squared or Fisher's exact tests (categorical variables). Between-group differences in survival time were assessed by the Kaplan-Meier analysis and log-rank test.

RESULTSThe follow-up time ranged from 3-24 months after treatment, and no serious treatment-related complications were recorded for any of the patients (0/51). The time of TACE treatment was significantly longer for the patients receiving the combination therapy (group A: 3.21.4 vs. group B: 2.40.9, t = 2.22, P = 0.032). The patients in group A received between 2-8 PEI treatments. The TACE + PEI combined treatment showed significantly better therapeutic efficacy for PVTT (group A: 19/26 vs. group B: 10/25, X2 = 5.685, P = 0.019). The tumor response was significantly better in patients treated with TACE + PEI at post-treatment month 3 (group A: 20/26 vs. group B: 18/25, X2 = 0.163, P = 0.705) and month 6 (group A: 17/20 vs. 10/19, X2 = 2.58, P = 0.027). Finally, the average survival time was significantly better in patients treated with TACE + PEI (group A: 12.856.02 months (range: 5-23) vs. group B: 8.653.39 months (range: 4-16), t = 3.051, P = 0.004).

CONCLUSIONTACE + PEI combination therapy for main branch PVTT in HCC patients is more efficacious than TACE alone, and is associated with a longer survival time.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; complications ; pathology ; therapy ; Chemoembolization, Therapeutic ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Ethanol ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Liver Neoplasms ; complications ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplastic Cells, Circulating ; Portal Vein ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Thrombosis ; complications