Objective To develop a sensitive,quick and convenient comet assay with Viciafaba root cells,so as to provide the reference for biomonitoring in situ.Methods The K_2CrO_7 and H_2O_2 were used as the positive control,the Viciafaba root cells isolated with mechanical and enzyme treatment respectively were exposed to the different concentrations of K_2CrO_7(1 nmol/L,10 nmol/L,100 nmol/L,1000 nmol/L)and H202(25 ? mol/L,50 ? mol/L,100 ?mol/L,200 ?mol/L).The effect of DNA damage was detected by using comet assay.Results The yield of Viciafaba root cells isolated from enzyme treatment were much higher than that from mechanical treatment.K_2CrO_7and H_2O_2 could cause DNA damage in Viciafaba root cells,there was significant difference between exposure group and control group(P

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of clinical pathway teaching methord in nursing practice teaching. Methods80 junior college nursing students were randomly divided into control and experimental groups. Traditional clinical teaching method was given to control group, while the clinical pathway teaching method was given to observation group. Scores of comprehensive quality after departmental rotation and satisfaction rates of nursing students to teaching method in these two groups were evaluated. ResultsThe experimental group was significantly better than the control group ( P＜0.05 ), and the difference was statistically significant. ConclusionThe clinical pathway can significantly improve the quality of nursing practice teaching.

OBJECTIVETo explore the expression of p-p38 MAPK protein and the number of astrocytes expressing p-p38 MAPK in CA1 hippocampus in rats during the induction of brain ischemic tolerance induced by intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (IH) preconditioning.

METHODSThirty healthy adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n = 5 in each group): sham 0 min group, IH + sham 0 min group, sham 7 d group, IH + sham 7 d group, Ischemia (Is) 7 d group, and IH + Is 7 d group. Neuropathological evaluation was performed by thionine staining in CA1 hippocampus in rats. The expression of p-p38 MAPK in CA1 hippocampus was observed by immunohistochemical staining. And the number of astrocytes expressing p-p38 MAPK was observed by immunofluorescent double labeling.

RESULTSThe results showed that IH preconditioning induced brain ischemic tolerance successfully. At the same time, IH preconditioning obviously up-regulated the expression of p-p38 MAPK protein in CA1 hippocampus, and also increased the number of astrocytes expressing p-p38 MAPK.

CONCLUSIONIt might be concluded that IH preconditioning induced brain ischemic tolerance by up-regulating the expression of p-p38 MAPK protein in pyramidal neurones and astrocytes.

Animals ; Astrocytes ; enzymology ; pathology ; Brain Ischemia ; enzymology ; pathology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hippocampus ; enzymology ; Hypoxia ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; methods ; Male ; Phosphorylation ; Pressure ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of moxibustion therapy plus Liu's pediatric massage (tuina) for children with recurrent respiratory tract infections due to qi deficiency of spleen and lung. Methods: A total of 60 children who met the inclusion criteria were divided into an observation group and a control group according to the visiting sequence, with 30 cases in each group. Children in the observation group were treated with moxibustion therapy plus Liu's pediatric massage, and those in the control group were treated with Liu's pediatric massage alone. The incidence of respiratory tract infections and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) symptoms score were observed and recorded in both groups before and after treatment. And the clinical efficacy was compared between the two groups. Results: The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.3％, and that of the control group was 83.3％. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). After treatment, the TCM symptoms score and total times of infections in both groups were all statistically different from those before treatment (all P<0.05). The differences in TCM symptoms score and infection frequency before and after treatment in the observation group were statistically different from those in the control group (both P<0.05). Conclusion: Moxibustion therapy plus Liu's pediatric massage has a better effect in improving the clinical symptoms and reducing the frequency of respiratory tract infections for children with recurrent respiratory tract infections due to qi deficiency of spleen and lung than the pediatric massage alone.

Objective To explore the risk factors in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus with cerebral infarction. Methods Retrospective investigarion was performed on 148 elderly hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes.The patients were classified based on the presence or absence of cerebral infarction and compared with 60 controls.Logis- tic regression analysis was used to reveal the risk factors for cerebral infarction.Results The levels of systolic blood pressure(SBP),body mass index (BMI),fasting blood glucose (FBG),total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG) and plasma fibrinogen(Fg) were higher in the patients with cerebral infarction[141.15?17.46)mmHg,(23.81?3.53)kg/m~2,(8.82?2.81)mmol/L,(5.69?1.15)mmol/L,(2.08?0.75)mmol/L and (4.08?0.65)g/L] than those without cerebral infarction[(129.78?14.65) mmHg,(22.18?3.22)kg/m~2,(7.06?1.72 )mmol/L,(5.09?1.12)mmol/L,(1.62?0.43)mmol/L and (3.48?0.58)g/L].The logistic analysis showed COUR,SBP,FBG, TC,TG and Fg were the independent risk factors for cerebral infarction.Conclusion Early intervention of the inde- pendent risk factors including SBP,FBG,TC,TG and Fg in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes was important for reduction and postponement of cerebral infarction.

Objective To study the relationship between the levels of uric acid in type 2 diabetic patients aged over forty years and lower extremity arterial disease(LEAD).Methods Lower extremities of 212 patients with type 2 diabetes were detected by high resolution color Doppler ultrasonography,and the levels of uric acid,fasting blood glucose and serum lipid were examined,which were applied to anylaze the relationship with diversity process of lower extremity arterial disease.Results The uric acid,low-density lipoproteins cholesterol(LDL-C),body mass in- dex(BMI),age and course in lower extremity arterial disease group was significantly higher than those without LEAD group(P

A rapid, simple and practical high-performance liquid chromatography method coupled with diode array detector (HPLC–DAD) was developed to evaluate the quality of Alisma orientale (Sam.) Juz. through a simultaneous determination of four major active triterpenes using a single standard to determine the multi-components (SSDMCs). Alisol B 23-acetate was selected as the reference compound for calculating the relative response factors. All calibration curves showed good linearity (R240.9998) within test ranges. RSDs for intra- and inter-day of four analytes were less than 3.6% and 2.3%; the overall recovery was 92.1–110.2%(SSDMC). The proposed method was successfully applied to quantify the four components in 20 samples from different localities in China. Moreover, significant variations were demonstrated in the content of these compounds. In addition, hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were performed to differentiate and classify the samples based on the contents of Alisol C 23-acetate, Alisol A, Alisol A 24-acetate and Alisol B 23-acetate. This simple, rapid, low-cost and reliable HPLC–DAD method using SSDMC is suitable for routine quantitative analysis and quality control of A. orientale (Sam.) Juz.

Objective To have a knowledge of the mutagenicity of contaminates in drinking water in a certain city. Methods Mutagenic activity of organic extracts of source water chloridized water in water plant and tap water from the city were detected with single cell gel-electrophoresis mouse primary hepatocytes in culture were used and Ames test. Results For Ames test the organic extract in 3 liters chloridized water in water plant and tap water samples produced positive result and that in 6 liters source water sample still gave a negative result. For single cell gel-electrophoresis test the organic extract in 0.1 liter chloridized water in water plant tap water and 0.5 liter source water produced positive result. Conclusion The sensitivity of single cell gel-electrophoresis with primary hepatocytes in detection of genotoxicity of cloridized water and source water is much higher than Ames test.

Objective To compare the curative effect of 360° arthroscopic denervation and routine arthroscopic debridement in treatment of knee osteoarthritis.Methods A total of 85 patients were included in the study after excluding the 5 follow-up dropout among the 90 patients with knee osteoarthritis treated between May 2006 and May 2011.Subsequently,the odd and even quality of the mantissa of admission number was used to determine the groups:Group A,42 patients underwent routine arthroscopic debridement; Group B,43 patients underwent arthroscopic debridement plus 360 degree denervation.Traumatic and degenerative arthritis occurred in 30 and 55 patients respectively.There were 34 male and 51 female patients whose mean age was 63 years (range,52-73 years).Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC),MOS item short from health survey (SF-36),and visual analogue score (VAS) were compared between the two groups before and after operation.Results WOMAC score and SF-36 score of the two groups improved after surgery.At postoperative 6 months,12 months,and 24 months,WOMAC in Group B scored 81.0,78.5,and 82.4 respectively,lower than 86.8,83.8,and 91.7 in Group A (P ＜ 0.05) ; SF-36 in group B scored 47.4,46.3,and 44.4 respectively,higher than 43.9,41.4,and 39.5 in group A (P ＜ 0.05).At postoperative 1 week,VAS of group B was 1.6 points,lower than 2.6 points in group A (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistical difference between the two groups in postoperative swelling of joint (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions According to the area involved in knee osteoarthritis and characteristics of innervation of knee joint synovium,arthroscopic 360° denervation provides thorough debridement and removes as many innervation of knee joint synovium.Arthroscopic 360° denervation is superior to the routine arthroscopic debridement in improvement and duration of the symptoms.

The rate of corneal graft rejection is still high for high-risk keratoplasty although immune suppression drug is routinely used.The role of traditional Chinese medicine in corneal transplantation is concerned gradually.Heijingpaichitang on the prevention and treatment of rats with high-risk corneal allograft rejection needs further study.Objective This study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of heijingpaichitang on high-risk corneal transplantation immune rejection in rats.Methods Sixteen female SD rats were used as the donors and 32female Wistar rats were served as recipients.The high-risk corneal trasplantation models were established by corneal suture in 32 Wistar rats,and then homogeneity variant SD-Wistar corneal transplantation was performed.The recipients were randomized into model control group,cyclosporinc A (CsA)group,heijingpaichitang group and CsA +heijingpaichitang group.CsA,heijingpaichitang and CsA + heijingpaichitang was orally administered 4 days after operation once per day for 15 days,and normal saline solution was used at the same way in the model control group.Ocular anterior segment reaction was examined under the slit lamp and corneal opacification,edema and neovasculation were scored based on Larkin' s criteria.Rejection index of the corneal graft was recorded and the graft survival time was calculated.The pathological examination of the corneal graft was carried out in all rats,and the inflammatory cells in the corneas and CD4+ cells in the periphery blood were assayed using flow cytometry.The use of the animals complied with ARVO Statement.Results Corneal graft rejection occurred in 10 days after operation in the model control group,12-13 days in the CsA group and heijingpaichitang group and 22 days in the CsA +heijingpaichitang group.Compared with model control group,the scores of the corneal opacification,corneal edema and neovascularization were significantly lower in the CsA group,heijingpaichitang group and CsA+heijingpaichitang group (P＜0.05),and all the scores were declined in the CsA+ heijingpaichitang group compared with CsA group and heijingpaichitang group(P＜0.01),but no significant differences were seen in the scores between the CsA group and heijingpaichitang group(P＞0.05).The mean survival time of grafts was (10.38 ±1.69)days in the model control group,(22.50 ± 3.07) days in the CsA + heijingpaichitang group,with the significant difference (t =-9.790,P =0.000).The pathological examination of graft showed that the lymphocytes and new blood vessels were less in the CsA+heijingpaichitang group compared with CsA group and heijingpaichitang group 15 days after operation.Flow cytometry verified that the number of lymphocytes in graft,CD4+cells and CD4+/CD8+ in periphery blood were significantly lower in the heijingpaichitang group,CsA group and CsA+heijingpaichitang group compared with model control group (P＜0.05).Conclusions Heijingpaichitang can inhibit immune rejection to certain extent in high-risk corneal transplantation rat and has a similar effect to 0.1％ CsA.Heijingpaichitang and 0.1％ CsA have a synergistic effect.