Papers on mycorrhizas were searched from SCI (Science Citation Index) database. In order to understand the research progress of mycorrhizas in China, the paper on mycorrhizas from 1989 to 2007 was analyzed with method of bibliometrics. Mycorrhizal researches showed an increasing tendency during 1989 to 2007, while the increase was obviously accelerated after 2000. Only 5.22% of the articles were published in journals with impact factor above 5, indicates that the academic levels of researches need being enhanced. Currently the research on mycorrhizas was mainly focused on Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM), especially on effects of mycorrhizal fungi on plant physiology, effects of mycorrhizal fungi on resistance of host plants, Mycorrhizal diversity community and ecological distribution, and phytoremediation with Mycorrhizal plants. The future research should emphasize in phytoremediation with Mycorrhizal plants and identification of fungal species with molecular biological technology.

Objective To evaluate the effect of X-ray stereotactic radiotherapy(SRT)with two different methods in curing brain metastases.Methods 41 patients with brain metastases were treated by SRT,including 24 cases by SRT and 17 cases by SRT combined whole brain irradiation.78 lesions in 41 patients fall into two groups:small tumor(3 cm).All patients were followed for 2～19 months after treatment by CT scan.The effect,recurrent and complication were discussed.Results Following SRT,the effect rate was 92.9% in SRT group and 93.7% in SRT combined whole brain irradiation group.The effect rate was 97.4% for small lesions while 90% large lesions.The recurrent rate was much higher in SRT(17%) than that in SRT combined whole brain irradiation group(5.9%),the difference was statistically significant(?

Objective To explore the relationship between paraoxonase1 (PON1) L55M gene polymorphisms and atherosclerotic cerebral infarction(CI)in Hunan Han people. Methods The study population was comprised of 153 atherosclerotic cerebral infarction patients and 153 healthy individuals. The PON1-L55M genotypes were determined by restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results MM genotype was not found both in CI and control group. In CI group, genotypic frequency of LL was 96.7% and LM was 3.3%. The allele frequency of L was 0.984 and M was 0.016. In control group, genotypic frequency of LL was 93.5% and LM was 6.5%. The allele frequency of L was 0.968 and M was 0.032. PON1-L55M polymorphism revealed no significant difference of genotype and allelic distribution in CI patients and controls.Conclusion The polymorphism of PON1-L55M is not related to the incidence of atherosclerotic cerebral infarction in Hunan Han people.

China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Pneumoconiosis ; epidemiology

Objective: To estimate the preventive effect of mitomycin C (MMC) injection via great omentum vein during resection of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) against the recurrence of IHCC. Methods: The clinical data of 73 IHCC patients, who were treated in our hospital form Jan. 2000 to Jun. 2004, were retrospectively analyzed. Thirty-eight patients were injected with 10 mg MMC via great omentum vein during operation; thirty-five patients who received no chemotherapeutic agents were taken as controls. The recurrence of the disease was followed up and was statistically analyzed. Results: Patients in the 2 groups were matchable in sex, age, viral hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, tumor diameter, tumor number, preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) or percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT), blood transfusion, portal vein or bile duct thrombus and postoperative TACE (P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the recurrence was related to the number and diameter of the tumors, with the hazard ratios being 1.877 (P=0.001) and 1.391 (P=0.029 4), respectively; injection of MMC had no influence on the recurrence. There was no significant difference in the time of disease-free survival (DFS)between the 2 groups, with the median time of DFS of MMC injection group being 5 months and of control group being 3 months after the first operation(P=0.125 3). The recurrence rates in the MMC group and control group were 65. 79% vs 68.57% (P=0.800 4) 6 months after operation, 81.58% vs 94.29%(P=0.099 0)1 year after operation, 89.47% vs 97.14% (P=1.679 55) 2 years after operation and 92.11% vs 97.14% (P=0.344 7)3 years after operation. Conclusion: Injection of 10mg MMC via great omentum vein during resection of IHCC may have no definite effect on the recurrence of IHCC; however, perspective study is needed to verify this finding.

AIDS Vaccines ; administration & dosage ; genetics ; immunology ; Animals ; HIV Infections ; immunology ; prevention & control ; virology ; HIV-1 ; genetics ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunity, Mucosal

Diagnostic Errors ; Encephalocele ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Meningocele ; diagnosis ; Middle Aged ; Mucocele ; diagnosis ; Sphenoid Sinus ; pathology

Altitude ; Animals ; Astrocytes ; cytology ; Brain ; cytology ; Hypoxia ; Male ; Microglia ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To explore the role of histone H3 acetylation modification of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).Methods 2 months and 8 months SAMP8 mice were used as AD model.Morris water maze was used to detect the impairment of learning and memory.Western blot was used to detect BDNF protein expression in the hippocampus,and chromatin immunoprecipitation (CHIP) was applied to study the changes of histone H3 acetylation in different BDNF promoters.Results The results of water maze test showed that the time across the target quadrant in 8 months SAMP8 mice(0.9±0.4) was significant declined compared with that of 2 months SAMP8 mice(3.7 ± ±0.9) and 8 months SAMR1 mice (3.3±0.6)(all P＜0.05).Meanwhile,compared with 2 months SAMP8 mice ((23.9±4.0) s) and 8 months SAMR1 mice ((21.5± 2.3) s),target quadrant time in the 8 months SAMP8 mice((11.7±2.8) s) was also significantly reduced(both P＜0.05).The western blot showed the expression of BDNF in the hippocampus of 8 months SAMP8 mice was significantly decreased compared with that of 2 months SAMP8 mice and 8 months SAMR1 mice(P＜0.05).Lastly,CHIP assays showed that histone H3 acetylation of BDNF exon Ⅳ and Ⅵ in the hippocampus of 8 months SAMP8 mice were remarkably decreased(P＜0.05) compared with that of 2 months SAMP8 mice and 8 months SAMR1 mice.There was no significant change of histone H3 acetylation of BDNF exon Ⅰ and Ⅲ among all groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion Histone H3 acetylation of BDNF exon Ⅳ and Ⅵ is reduced during the development of AD,which may be the mechanism underlying the impairment of learning and memory in AD.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of skin lesions of tsutsugamushi disease.Methods The skin lesions and clinical characteristics of 17 hospitalized patients with tsutsugamushi disease were analyzed. Results Of the patients, 88.2% (15/17) developed eschar and skin ulcer, 64.7% (11/17) had skin rashes. The patients often developed solitary, painless and nonpruritic eschar 4 to 10 days after the occurrence of fever, with indefinite locations and average diameter of 1.2 cm (range: 0.5 - 3.0 cm). The eschar was covered with a black and dry surface and surrounded by a ring-shaped erythematous halo, and usually shedded 5 to 9 days after the appearance with the formation of shallow ulcer. Superficial lymphadenectasis was observed near the eschar in 80% of the patients with eschar, and no eschar was observed at the first visit in 66.7% of the patients. Skin rashes mainly included nonpruritic congestive papules (45.5%) and maculopapular rashes (54.5%), and often subsided 2 to 5 days after emergence. Conclusions The skin lesions of tsutsugamushi disease include eschar and skin rashes. Eschar is an important characteristic and highly suggestive of this entity.