A quantitative analysis method of multi-components with a single marker (QAMS) for simultaneous determination of six marker compounds (one from phenolic acids and five from phthalides) in Chuanxiong Rhizoma was established by applying HPLC and using butylidenephthalide as the internal reference substance. And also the feasibility and accuracy of the established method for quality evaluation and application of Chuanxiong Rhizoma were investigated and validated. The analysis was performed with the mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile - 0.2% aqueous formic acid. The flow rate was 1.0 mL . min-1 and the column temperature was maintained at 30 °C. The detection wavelengths were set at 252 nm (for ferulic acid, Z-ligustilide, and butylidenephthalide) and 266 nm (for senkyunolide I, senkyunolide A, and coniferyl ferulate), separately, and 20 µL was injected for analysis with gradient elution. The results showed that there were no significant differences observed between the HPLC-QAMS method and the external standard method (RSD <5%). The relative correction factors were credible (RSD < 5%) in changed chromatographic conditions. The established HPLC-QAMS method can be accurately used for simultaneously evaluating and controlling the quality of Chuanxiong Rhizoma with multi-components.
4-Butyrolactone ; analogs & derivatives ; Acetonitriles ; Benzofurans ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Coumaric Acids ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; standards ; Hydroxybenzoates ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; chemistry

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; drug effects ; pathogenicity ; Pneumonia ; drug therapy ; microbiology

Objective To observe the effect of iodine excess(HI),polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid[Poly(I:C),Poly]and thyroglobulin(TG)on the thyroid of mice by the expression of Toll-like receptor 3(TLR3)to reveal the functional role of TLR3 in autoimmune thyroiditis.Methods Forty-two non-obese diabetic mice,body weight (20±3)g,were divided into six groups:control group,HI group,Poly group,TG group,HI+TG group,HI+Poly group. Fed with deionized water and injected intraperitoneally with physiological saline 0.1 ml each day for a week, the mice in control group were injected with physiological saline every other day at the same dose for 1 week before they were sacrificed; HI group drank 0.05% NaI water and were injected intraperitoneally with physiological saline same as control group; Poly group drank deionized water and were injected intraperitoneally with poly 0.1 ml (1 g/L)each day of the week, then the mice were injected with Poly every other day at the same dose for 1 week before they were sacrificed; TG group drank deionized water and were injected intraperitoneally with physiological saline same as control group, immunized with 0.1 mg TG by subcutaneously injecting and the immunization was enhanced after they were fed half dose for 4 and 8 weeks separately. In HI + Poly group, the treatment was the same as HI group and Poly group; HI + TG group: the treatment was the same as HI group and TG group. Eight weeks later, mice were sacrificed and thyroids were taken to make frozen sections, Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining was employed to observe the morphological change of the thyroids. The expression of TLR3 of thyroids was observed under fluorescence microscope after Immumofluorescence using TLR3 antibody and TR3-positive cells were analyzed in the thyroid density. Results HE staining showed thyroids of Poly group had no inflammation under microscope.There were different degrees of inflammatory cell infiltration in HI group and TG group. The inflammatory cell infiltration and the damage of follicular thyroid of HI + TG group and HI + Poly group were serious, and the degrees of inflammation were higher over "++". Thyroid follicular epithelial cell with TLR3 expression could be seen in Poly group and HI group, meanwhile, there were TLR3 strong positive inflammatory cells in HI group under fluorescent microscope. Using stereological analysis of TLR3-positive cell density in the thyroid, the difference between groups was statistically significant(F=7.870, P<0.01 ). TLR3-positive cell density in the thyroid of HI + Poly group was higher[ (9.287 ± 0.522)mm2] than control group[ (0.062 ± 0.025)mm2, P < 0.01] significantly, meanwhile, the density in HI + Poly group was higher than HI group [ (2.574 ± 0.257 )mm2] and Poly group[ (1.361 ± 0.148 )mm2, all P < 0.01]. The density in HI + TG group[ (4.843±0.405)mm2] was higher than HI group and TG group[(1.601 ±0.268)mm2, all P < 0.01 )]. Conclusions Excessive iodine and thyroglobulin can induce thyroiditis, and stimulate the expression of TLR3 in the thyroid follicular epithelial, Poly aggravated thyroiditis induced by iodine excess in NOD mice; TLR3 positive inflammatory cells also appeared in inflammatory region, suggesting that TLR3 is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroiditis

OBJECTIVE Despite the status of cisplatin (DDP) as a classical chemotherapeutic agent in the treatment of cancer, the development of multidrug resistance often leads to a failure of DDP therapy.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)as adjuvant chemotherapy of cancer drugs in China has been widely used in cancer treatment.ZuoJin WAN (ZJW),a TCM formula,was proved reversing drug resistance in gastric cancer,but its exact mechanism was still unclear. METHODS CCK-8 assay was used to detect the cell viability. The levels of proteins and mRNA were evaluated using Western blot and q-PCR. Mitochondrial membrane potential was measured by fl ow cytometry. Depolymerisa-tion of F-actin and translocation of G-actin(gamma-actin)from the cytoplasm to the mitochondria was detected using an immuno fl uorescence assay. RESULTS phosphorylated coflin-1 (p-coflin-1) was overexpressed in the DDP-resistant human gastric cancer cell lines SGC7901/DDP and BGC823/DDP, relative to the respective parent cell lines(SGC7901 and BGC823),and DDP induced the dephosphory-lation of p-coflin-1 in both parent lines but not in the DDP-resistant lines. However, ZJW could induce the dephosphorylation of pcoflin-1 and promote coflin-1 translocation from the cytoplasm into the mito-chondria in both SGC7901/DDP and BGC823/DDP cells. This mitochondrial translocation of coflin-1 was found to induce the conversion of flamentous actin to globular-actin, activate mitochondrial dam-age and calcium overloading, and induce the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. These effects of ZJW on DDP-resistant human gastric cancer cell lines could be reversed via transfection with coflin-1-specifc siRNA,or treatment with a PP1 and PP2A inhibitor.CONCLUSION ZJW can be used as an inhibitor of chemoresistance in gastric cancer, which may partly be due to dephosphorylation of p-coflin-1 via the activation of PP1 and PP2A.

Objective To study the pharmacokinetic and pharmacody-namic characteristics of febuxostat tablets after single and mutiple oral dose in hyperuricemia patients with chronic kidney disease .Methods A total of 18 hyperuricemia patients with chronic kidney disease were ran-domly divided into three groups , each group containing 6 patients as fol-lows: those in group A were administrated with a single oral dose of febuxostat tablet 40 mg, those in group B were administrated with a single oral dose of febuxostat tablet 80 mg, and followed by multiple oral doses of febuxostat 80 mg, qd for 28 days and those in group C were treated with a single oral dose of febuxostat tablet 120 mg.The serum uric acid was determined by clinical chemistry testing , and the plasma drug levels were determined by HPLS -MS/MS method.Results The main febuxostat pharmacokinetic parameters of a single oral administra-tion of 40, 80 and 120 mg division were as follows: t1/2 were (3.98 ±1.45), ( 4.63 ±1.37 ) and ( 4.27 ±1.33 ) h; tmax were (0.97 ±0.39), ( 1.22 ±0.46 ), ( 1.35 ±0.37 ) h; Cmax were (1626.33 ± 342.97 ) , ( 2669.27 ± 384.91 ) , ( 3904.83 ± 835.98 ) ng ? mL-1; AUC0-24 h were (4324.32 ±976.87), (8415.4 ±1965.9), (12979.6 ±3788.5) ng? h? mL -1.Drug accumulation was not detec-ted following multiple oral doses .After 4 weeks treatment (80 mg, qd) , febuxostat lowered the serum uric acid levels of hyperuricemia patients with chronic kidney disease significantly , and the target serum uric acid level (6.0 mg? dL -1 ) was achieved in 5 patients.Conclusion Febuxostat displayed a linear pharmacokinetic profile in single oral doses of 40 to 120 mg.Continuous oral therapic dose of febuxostat tablets can significantly reduce the uric acid levels in hyperu -ricemia patients with chronic kidney disease .

OBJECTIVETo explore the impact of environmental factors, daily lifestyle, psycho-social factors and the interactions between environmental factors and chemokines genes on systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

METHODSCase-control study was carried out and environmental factors for SLE were analyzed by univariate and multivariate unconditional logistic regression. Interactions between environmental factors and chemokines polymorphism contributing to systemic lupus erythematosus were also analyzed by logistic regression model.

RESULTSThere were nineteen factors associated with SLE when univariate unconditional logistic regression was used. However, when multivariate unconditional logistic regression was used, only five factors showed having impacts on the disease, in which drinking well water (OR=0.099) was protective factor for SLE, and multiple drug allergy (OR=8.174), over-exposure to sunshine (OR=18.339), taking antibiotics (OR=9.630) and oral contraceptives were risk factors for SLE. When unconditional logistic regression model was used, results showed that there was interaction between eating irritable food and -2518MCP-1G/G genotype (OR=4.387). No interaction between environmental factors was found that contributing to SLE in this study.

CONCLUSIONMany environmental factors were related to SLE, and there was an interaction between -2518MCP-1G/G genotype and eating irritable food.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Chemokines ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; genetics ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; epidemiology ; genetics ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Risk Factors ; Surveys and Questionnaires

The aim of study was to investigate the importance of chromosome aberration in differential diagnosis of eosinophilia and the chromosomal aberrations involved in patients with clonal eosinophilia. 65 cases of eosinophilia were collected and chromosome specimens of bone marrow cells were prepared by 24-hour culture, and G-banding technique was used for karyotyping. The results showed that out of 65 cases, chromosome 16 inversion was detected in 9 patients suspected as M(4Eo), and among the other 56 cases, 5 were detected with chromosomal aberrations (8.9%). Combining clinical, hematological and cytogenetical data, the 5 patients were diagnosed as acute myeloid leukemia with eosinophilia, chronic eosinophilic leukemia, 8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome, chronic myeloid leukemia in acute phase and acute myeloid leukemia-M(4Eo) respectively. The detected chromosomal aberrations were +14, t (5; 12) (q31; p13), t (8; 9) (p11; q32), t (9; 22) (q34; q11) and inv (16) (p13 q22). In conclusion, cytogenetical detection is very important in differential diagnosis of clonal eosinophilic disorders and chronic eosinophilic leukemia, which is suggested to be done routinely in clinic.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16 ; genetics ; Cytogenetic Analysis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Eosinophilia ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Hypereosinophilic Syndrome ; diagnosis ; genetics ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Esophagustype cervical spondylosis is easily misdiagnosed or missed diagnosed for its lower incidence. The pathological basis manily concerned with compression of osteophyte for esophageal and tracheal wall and local inflammatory reaction. The diagnosis of disease is generally not difficult. Especially dynamic esophagogram could not only show degree of cervical degeneration and osteophyte shape, but also could clearly observe location and degree of osteophytosis indenting esophageal and tracheal. Recently, the treatment of esophagustype cervical spondylosis has been the focus of attention. It is generally believed that conservative treatment could alleviate disease but could not cure it. More and more scholars tend to treat disease by surgical resection of osteophyte to relieve compression for esophagus, and clinical symptoms could obviously improved. However, long-term follow up is lack, and further follow-up effect is lack of powerful support, anddifferent treatment methods and surgical procedures are lack of comparative research.

OBJECTIVETo determine the correlation of the CYP1A1 (rs4646422) gene polymorphisms with male infertility in the Chinese Han population.

METHODSUsing the Mass ARRAY iPLEX GOLD technique, we conducted a case-control study on theCYPlA1 (rs4646422) gene polymorphisms in 636 infertile males aged 21-49 years (case group) and 442 normal healthy men aged 23-47 years (control group) of the Chinese Han population. We analyzed the genotypes and allele frequencies in the two groups ofsubjects with the SPSS 20.0 software.

RESULTSCompared with the wild homozygous genotype GG, the heterozygous genotype AG (OR = 1.06, 95% CI 0.81-1.38) and homozygous genotype AA (OR = 1.11, 95% CI 0.56-2.21) showed no correlation with male infertility, nor did the mutant allele A (OR = 1.06, 95% CI 0.85-1.32) in comparison with the wild allele G.

CONCLUSIONThe CYP1A1 (rs4646422) gene polymorphisms might not be correlated with male infertility in the Chinese Han population.

Adult ; Alleles ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Infertility, Male ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy of ultrasound-guided lauromacrogol sclerotherapy for benign thyroid cysts and analyze the factors affecting the efficacy.

METHODSUltrasound-guided lauromacrogol sclerotherapy was performed in 97 patients with a total of 99 benign thyroid cysts. The changes in cystic volume and other thyroid parameters were evaluated at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after sclerotherapy. According to changes in the cystic volume, the efficacy of sclerotherapy was defined as therapeutic failure (with a volume reduction <50%), treatment success (volume reduction ≥50%) and cure (volume reduction ≥90%). The factors of affecting the efficacy of sclerotherapy was analyzed using COX regression.

RESULTSThe mean cystic volume at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after sclerotherapy were reduced from the baseline volume of 12.08∓11.56 cmto 5.63∓8.51 cm, 5.96∓8.42 cm, 3.80∓5.50 cmand 2.85∓3.98 cm, respectively, with an average cystic volume reduction rate of (70.02∓33.72)%. Therapeutic success was achieved 82 of the 99 cysts (82.83%) and cure was achieved 63cysts (63.64%) at 12 months after the procedure. A second sclerotherapy was performed for 13 cysts which did not show a volume reduction at 1-3 months after the initial procedure. A disease course of over 12 months was an independent risk factor for a second sclerotherapy (23.7% [9/38] vs 6.6% [4/61], OR=4.473 [1.238-16.169], P=0.022). The efficacy of sclerotherapy was related to cystic cavity separation, cystic fluid viscosity, cystic/solid ratio and cystic wall thickness. COX regression analysis revealed that cystic cavity separation (HR=2.25, 95%CI: 1.19-4.25) and cystic fluid viscosity (HR=2.02, 95%CI: 1.19-3.43) were the major factors affecting the treatment efficacy.

CONCLUSIONUltrasound-guided lauromacrogol sclerotherapy is effective and safe for treatment of benign thyroid cysts, and the maximal treatment effect can be achieved at 6 months after sclerotherapy and in cases of uncomplicated cysts with non-viscous cystic fluid, no solid cystic cavity separation and a disease course of less than 12 months.