Thirty SHRs were obtained randomly to hypertension, model group, captopril group and Qingre jiangya capsule group. Ten Wistar rats were used as control group. The hippocampus tissue was removed to explore the damage of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and the protective effect of Qingre jiangya capsule after continuously administered for 14 days. And then the data were processed by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The research results revealed captopril group was significantly different from the other three groups. The classification of other three groups is also very clear after captopril group removed. This suggested that Qingre jiangya capsule could improve the overall metabolism compared with captopril. Four metabolites were identified: dimethylglycine, glycerophosphocholine, aldosterone and noradrenaline. Hypertension hippocampus damage may mainly be expressed in tyrosine metabolism, aldosterone-regulated sodium, vascular smooth muscle contraction reabsorption, and Qingre jiangya capsule could reverse the hippocampus tissue damage of SHR.
Animals ; Capsules ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Hippocampus ; drug effects ; Hypertension ; drug therapy ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo compare the differences in the therapeutic effect on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) between acupuncture at Tianshu (ST 25) and Dachangshu (BL 25) and western medication with Trimebutine Maleate.

METHODSForty cases were divided randomly into an acupuncture group and a western medication group, 20 cases in each one. In acupuncture group, acupuncture was applied to Tianshu (ST 25) and Dachangshu (BL 25). Ziwu Daojiu needling technique was adopted, once daily. In western medication group, Trimebutine Maleate capsule was administered, 2 capsules in each time, 3 times per day. The assessment on the therapeutic effect was performed in 4 weeks of treatment in two groups.

RESULTSAs compared with those before treatment, the time of abdominal pain, the frequency of abdominal pain, the morbidity of abnormal stool appearance, the morbidity of defecation abnormality, the morbidity of mucus stool and the score of bloating or abdominal pain on bowel movement were all reduced after treatment in two groups (all P < 0.01). The results in acupuncture group were much more significant than those in western medication group (the total score: 16.70 +/- 2.40 vs 15.70 +/- 3.01, P < 0.01). The total effective rate in acupuncture group was 95.0% (19/20), which was superior to that of 70.0% (14/20) in western medication group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture at Tianshu (ST 25) and Dachangshu (BL 25) may remarkably relieve the clinical symptoms of IBS and its efficacy is superior to that of oral medication with Trimebutine Maleate.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Irritable Bowel Syndrome ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Trimebutine ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate biodistribution and pharmacokinetics pattern of ~(131)I-labeled rch24which is the region-grafted (humanized) anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) monoclonal antibody in nude mice. Methods Nude mice bearing cancer xenografts received intravenous injections of ~(131)I- rch24, then blood, plasma, heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney, tumor and other tissues were taken at different time point for determination the concentration of radioactivity and calculate the T/NT value. Nude mice were packeted randomly to four group of high, medium, low dose and continuous administration, blood drug concentration was detected by ELISA method at the different intervals. Then, draw the concentration-time curve and calculate the pharmacokinetics paramete. Results After administration, radioactivity of the tumour was significantly enhanced whereas radioactivity of normal tissues decreased gradually. For single administration, at the dose of low to medium, pharmacokinetics pattern was linearity -kinetics whereas for high dose group,pharmacokinetics paramete shown some behavior of non-linearity-kinetics. Conclusion Our results suggest that the ~(131)I-labeled region-grafted (humanized) anti-CEA monoclonal antibody rch24 exhibit a considerable targeting activity so as to ~(131)I radioisotopes can be concentrated specifically in tumor. The pharmacokinetics pattern of this medicine was different at different dose.

Objective To detect the serum level of mannose binding lectin (MBL) in patients with renal injury induced by rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to investigate the role of MBL in the pathogenesis of renal injury in RA. Methods ELISA was used to measure the serum MBL level of 19 RA patients with renal injury, 49 RA patients without renal injury and 40 healthy individuals. The clinical features and laboratory markers were compared and analyzed by chi-square test, two independent samples t-test and Spearman's correlation analysis. Results Compared with RA patients without renal injury, the number of tender and swollen joints [(15±9) vs (9±11)], duration of morning stiffness [(2.9±1.3) vs (2.3±1.6) h] and extraarticular manifestations (42.1％ vs 16.3％) in RA patients with renal injury were significantly higher (P＜0.05or P＜0.01). There was no significant difference between the two groups in RA disease duration and jointdeformity(P＞0.05). In patients with renal injury, the level of platelet count [(376±155)×109/L vs (304±121)×109/L], CIC[(4.3±3.0) vs (2.9±3.3) g/L], ESR[(79±46) vs (53±31) mm/1 h], RF[(77±42) vs (52±49)U/ml], CRP[(32±28)vs (23±18)mg/L], IgG[(11.7±2.6)vs (8.4±2.4)g/L], C3[(1.18±0.53)vs (0.94±0.21) g/L] were higher than those in RA patients without renal injury (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05); the level of Alb [(26±13) vs (30±9) g/L] was lower than that in RA patients without renal injury (P＜0.05). The level of serum MBL in the two groups of RA patients was significantly lower than that in the healthy group [(3.1±0.5)mg/L](P＜0.01), and the level of serum MBL in RA patients with renal injury [(1.7±1.2) mg/L] was higher than that in RA patients without renal injury [(1.4±1.3) mg/L](P＜0.05). The level of serum MBL in RA patients with renal injury showed a positive correlation with IgG, C3, CRP and 24 h urine protein level (r=0.6, 0.6, 0.47, 0.57; P＜0.05). Conclusion Renal injury in RA patients is immune complex dependent. The serum level of MBL is higher in patients with renal injury, therefore, high-concentration MBL may be one of a potential causes of renal injury in RA patients.

AIM:To investigate the safety and effect of femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery with Cionni modified capsular tension ring (MCTR) implantation in the management of traumatic lens subluxation.METHODS: Totally 11 patients (11 eyes) with traumatic lens subluxation were divided into three groups according to the severity of lens dislocation, ranging from 90° to 120° (4 eyes), 120° to 180° (5 eyes) and 180° to 270° (2 eyes).The contact LenSx femtosecond laser cataract surgery platform was applied to create the capsulotomy, prepare nuclear fragmentation and make corneal wound creation.Anterior vitrectomy was performed in some patients during the surgery.After capsular retractors insertion and phacoemulsification, the MCTR was inserted to the capsular bag and fixed to the sclera.Finally, the IOL was implanted into the capsular bag.Postoperative visual acuity, intra-and post-operative complications, anterior capsular opening, IOL and MCTR position and intraocular pressure (IOP) were assessed.RESULTS:The duration of follow-up was 2mo.All the operations were completed successfully.Five eyes underwent cataract surgery combined with anterior vitrectomy.Four eyes had been inserted with 2-eyelet MCTR and seven eyes with 1-eyelet MCTR.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after operation was better than 0.5 in 4 eyes, between 0.3 and 0.5 in 3 eyes, between 0.1 and 0.3 in 3 eyes, and less than 0.1 in 1 eye.Compared with preoperative BCVA, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).All the IOLs were stably centered and the eyelet of MCTR was fixated steadily between the iris and the anterior capsule.The common intra-and post-operative complications were subconjunctival hemorrhage, incomplete capsulotomy, residual cortex, secondary glaucoma and posterior capsular opacification.CONCLUSION:Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery can improve the success rate of capsulorhexis, and reduce the difficulty of nuclear fragmentation.Femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with MCTR implantation is an ideal surgical method for traumatic lens subluxation.

Objective Research has indicated that hydrogen sulfide(H2S) can regulate the function of N-methyl-D-aspartate re-ceptors(NMDARs) in the brain, but its effect on brain resuscitation requires further investigation.The study was to speculate the effect of H2 S on brain resuscitation as well as the underlying mechanism of neuroresuscitation by investigating the effects of hydrogen sulfide and hypo-thermia on the expression of NR2A, NR2B and phospho-cAMP response element binding protein (p-CREB) of NMDARs in the hippocampus after global cerebral ischemia following by reperfusion. Methods 100 male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups(n=20):sham operation group, model group, mild hypothermia group, NaHS group, NaHS combined mild hypothermia group.Pulsinelli-Brierley four-ves-sel occlusion method was induced to build the injury rat model by reperfusion after global cerebral ischemia .After 15 minutes'ischemia, im-mediate injection of 14μmol/kg NaHS was performed intraperitoneally on NaHS group and NaHS combined mild hypothermia group , while skin cooling(rectal temperature=32-33℃) was done on mild hypothermia group and NaHS combined mild hypothermia group .6 hours late,r hip-pocampus were extracted from rat heads.Respectively, spectrophotometer was applied to measure the content of H2S, Western blot for the expres-sions of NR2 A,NR2 B and pC-REB, and RTP-CR for mRNA level of brain derived neurotrophic (BDNF). HE staining was also performed on brain tissues 72hours after reperfusion on 4 rats from each group to evaluate the pathological changes of pyramidal neurons in CA1 region. R esul ts The content of H 2 S increased in each of the four groups after ischemia-reperfusion compared with sham operation group ( 15.2 ±2.0 nmol/g) (P<0.05).In comparison to model group (25.2 ±3.5 nmol/g), NaHS group (37.5 ±4.0 nmol/g) and NaHS combined mild hypothermia group (38.7 ±4.4nmol/g ) resulted in significant high content of H2S(P<0.05), while mild hypothermia group(26.5 ±3.5nmol/g ) got a mild increase(P>0.05).The gray values of NR2A and NR2B in each group increased compared with sham operation group(P<0.05), re-sulting in NR2A/NR2B<1 in model group and mild hypothermia group while NR2A/NR2B>1 in NaHS group and NaHS combined mild hy-pothermia group.Compared with the expression of p-CREB(0.55 ±0.06) in model group, there were significant increases in mild hypother-mia group(0.99 ±0.15), NaHS group(1.05 ±0.12), NaHS combined mild hypothermia group(1.02 ±0.15)(P<0.05).Compared with the expression of BNDF mRNA(0.83 ±0.12) in model group, there were significant increases in mild hypothermia group (1.11 ±0.13), NaHS group(1.27 ±0.16), NaHS combined mild hypothermia group(1.35 ±0.16)(P<0.05).In comparison to model group, there were signifi-cant alleviation in the injury of pyramidal neurons in hippocampal CA1 region in mild hypothermia group, NaHS group, NaHS combined mild hypothermia group, with the best effect in NaHS combined mild hypothermia group . Conclusion Hydrogen sulfide combined mild hypo-thermia can selectively activate synaptic NMDA receptors and trigger the prosurvival CREB signaling pathway to exert brain resuscitation .

AIMTo investigate how vasonatrin peptide (VNP) can attenuate the growth-promoting effect of hypoxia in cardiac fibroblasts cultured from neonatal rats.

METHODSThe cultured cardiac fibroblasts were divided randomly into four groups: control group, hypoxia group, hypoxia + VNP group and hypoxia + 8-Bromo-cGMP group. The growth of cardiac myocytes was measured by the means of MTT method. The effect of VNP on the intracellular level of cGMP and PCNA were measured by the means of radioimmunoassay and immunohistochemistry stain respectively.

RESULTSHypoxia (24 h) significantly increased the MTT A490nm value of cardiac fibroblasts (P < 0.05 vs control group). Both VNP (10(-7) mol/L) and 8-Bromo-cGMP (10(-3) mol/L) decreased MTT A490 nm value in cardiac fibroblast (P < 0.05 vs hypoxia group). VNP (10(-7) mol/L) increased the intracellular level of cGMP (P < 0.05 vs control and hypoxia group). Hypoxia (24 h) significantly increased the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in cardiac myocytes (P < 0.05, vs control group), but VNP (10(-7) mol/L) decreased it.

CONCLUSIONVNP can attenuate hypoxia-induced growth-promoting effect in cardiac fibroblasts which is associated with the changes of cGMP and PCNA.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; pharmacology ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclic GMP ; metabolism ; Myoblasts, Cardiac ; cytology ; drug effects ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

OBJECTIVETo explore whether the inhibitory effect of Genipin on uncoupling protein-2 (UCP-2) in mitochondria is involved in energy metabolism of androgen-independent PC3 prostate cancer cells.

METHODSPC3 prostate cancer cells were cultured and treated with Genipin at the concentrations of 40, 80, and 160 μmol/L for 48 hours. Then the proliferation of the cells was detected by MTT assay, the expression of UCP-2 mRNA determined by RT-PCR, and the content of intracellular pyruvic acid (PA) and the activity of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) in the mitochondria measured by visible spectrophotometry.

RESULTSWith the increased concentration of Genipin, the proliferative activity of the PC-3 cells, the expression level of UCP-2 mRNA, the content of intracellular PA and the activity of SDH in the cells were all decreased, namely, with the enhanced inhibitory effect of Genipin on UCP-2, a trend of reduction was observed in the proliferation of the cells, intracellular PA content, and SDH activity in the mitochondria.

CONCLUSIONGenipin is involved in the energy metabolism of androgen-independent PC3 prostate cancer cells by reducing the content of intracellular PA and the activity of SDH in the mitochondria, which may be associated with its inhibitory effect on UCP-2.

Cell Line, Tumor ; drug effects ; Energy Metabolism ; Humans ; Ion Channels ; metabolism ; Iridoids ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mitochondria ; metabolism ; Mitochondrial Proteins ; metabolism ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Pyruvic Acid ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; Succinate Dehydrogenase ; metabolism ; Uncoupling Protein 2

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical, radiologic and pathologic features of solitary plasmacytoma of spine.

METHODSThe clinical, radiologic and pathologic features, as well as treatment and follow-up data, of 13 solitary plasmacytoma of spine cases were retrieved and analyzed. Immunohistochemical study using EnVision method for LCA, CD19, CD20, CD79a, CD3, CD7, PC, MUM1, CD138, IgG, IgM, kappa, lambda and Ki-67 was carried out.

RESULTSAll the tumours were primarily located in the vertebrae (including 9 cases in thoracic vertebrae and 4 cases in lumbar vertebrae). The male-to-female ratio was 3.3:1. The age of the patients ranged from 42 to 69 years (mean age = 56 years). The commonest symptom was pain in the surrounding regions. The degree of neurologic disturbance mostly depended on the extent of vertebral destruction and structural instability of the spine. Radiologic examination showed mainly osteolytic lesions in vertebrae. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated the presence of heterogeneous intensity inside the involved vertebrae (low in T1 weighted and high in T2 weighted images). Histologic examination showed diffuse infiltration by malignant cells. In well-differentiated plasmacytomas, the tumor cells resembled normal plasma cells. In poorly differentiated examples, the cellular morphology mimicked that of the centroblasts. The interstitial stroma was scanty and contained plenty of vessels, sometimes with formation of blood lakes. Amyloid deposition was present in some of the cases. Immunohistochemical study showed that the tumor cells were positive for CD79a and negative for CD20. Light chain restriction was detected in all the 13 cases studied. Plasma cell marker PC was expressed in all cases, while IgG was positive in 5 cases, IgM in 1 case, MUM1 in 10 cases and CD138 in 8 cases. Ki-67 index varied from 10% to 50%. All cases were operated, with adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy given.

CONCLUSIONSCorrelation of clinical, radiologic and pathologic features is important in diagnosis of solitary plasmacytoma of spine. The possibility of multiple myeloma needs to be excluded. Early detection by radiologic examination, local surgical resection, post-operative chemoradiotherapy and long-term follow-up are prudent for successful management of this condition.

Adult ; Aged ; CD79 Antigens ; metabolism ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; pathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Osteosarcoma ; pathology ; Plasmacytoma ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; Spinal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate the levels and significance of Th17 cells and regulatory T cells (Treg) in peripheral blood of children with allergic rhinitis during pollen and non-pollen seasons.Methods Thirteen children with hay fever, 10 children with house dust mite(HDM)-allergic asthma and 10 healthy children were recruited into this study.Percentages of Th17 and Treg cells were detected by flow cytometry.Levels of IL-17, IL-10 and TGF-β in cell culture supernatants were measured by ELISA.Results (1) The percentages of Th17 cells in children with allergic rhinitis [(3.4±2.4)%] were significantly higher than those in HDM-allergic asthmatics [(2.1±1.6)%] and those in healthy children [(0.5±0.3)%] during pollen season (both P<0.05).The levels of Treg cells in allergic rhinitis group [(2.1±1.3)%] and in HDM-allergic asthma group [(3.6±1.9)%] were significantly lower than those in healthy control group [(5.5±2.8)%] (both P<0.05).The levels of Th17 cells [(3.0±1.9)% vs (3.4±2.4)%, P<0.05] and ratios of Th17/Treg cells [(1.4±1.0)% vs (1.7±1.5)%, P<0.05] in children with allergic rhinitis were significantly decreased during non-pollen season as compared with those during pollen season, but the levels of Treg cells were up-regulated [(2.4±1.6)% vs (2.1±1.3)%, P<0.05].(2) Correlation analysis revealed that the ratios of Th17/Treg cells were positively correlated with the concentrations of FeNO (fractional concentration of exhaled NO) (r=0.321, P<0.05) and the counts of circulating eosinophils (r=0.198, P<0.05) in children with allergic rhinitis during pollen season.Conclusion The imbalanced Th17 and Treg cells in children with allergic rhinitis during pollen season might play a vital role in the regulation of allergic airway inflammation.