Objective To study the growth differences of Isatis indigotica sown in spring and autmn,reproductive identity and seedy condition of I.indigotica sown in various times,so as to provide the theoretical foundation for scientific standardization of cultivating process.Methods I.indigotica was sampled at a fixed period.At each stage,the growth of seedling and root system was recorded,blooming and seedy condition was recorded in efflorescence.Results The results showed that I.indigotica turned into genesial cycle after thermostage and the change of plant height and crown of I.indigotica were evidence.There was obvious differences between I.indigotica sown in different times.I.indigotica sown in spring grew better than that sown in autumn before efflorescence,but it grew worse than I.indigotica sown in autumn after seeding.Conclusion The weight of thousand seeds,average yield of single plant,and acre yield are different between the two ways for reserving seeds,but the difference of germination rate of seed is indistinctive,it will not influence the yield next year.The seed quality of I.indigotica sown in spring is better than that sown in autumn,but it must pay regard to the plant falling problem.The two ways are both feasible in the south of China while sown in spring is more suitable in the north of China.

Objective To explore the effect of ca se-teaching applied to the classes of practical training of parasitology. Methods The case-teaching was tentatively performed in a part of the undergraduates in our school during their parasitology practical training classe s.Results The effect of case-teaching was obviously superior t o the traditional one. The total scores,the theory examination and the specimen recognition scores were all higher in the class which employed the case-teachin g than in the control ones (P

Objective To explore the correlation between cytomegalovirus pneumonia (CMV-IP) and viral load in renal transplant recipients and to find out the threshold value of viral load for predicting CMV-IP. Methods The blood samples of 56 renal transplant recipients were taken weekly for the first 2 months and every 2 weeks for 2-6 months after transplantation.Real-time PCR were used to quantify the plasma CMV DNA.The mean viral loads of CMV-IP group and non-CMV-IP group in each time were compared using Wilcoxon test.Different cut-off values were tested to find the suitable values to predict the CMV-IP. Results Of the 56 recipients,8 (14.3%) developed CMV-IP.The viral loads were near zero in the first 4 weeks in both groups;from week 5 the viral load of CMV-IP group increased gradually and reached the climax at week 8 and then declined,but the load of non-CMV-IP group fluctuated at a low level.During weeks 5-11,the viral loads of CMV-IP group were higher than those of non-VMV-IP group.At 5,7 and 9 weeks,the differences of the viral loads between the 2 groups were significant (P

Major depression disorder is an increasing heavy burden in modem society, but its pathological mechanism is still vague. Recent evidence indicated that two pore potassium channel, TREK1, is one of the important drug targets of antidepressants. The structural and functional research progress of TREK1 potassium channel were reviewed with an emphasis on its roles in anti-depression, neuronal protection, and neuronal plasticity. The complicated interactions between TREK1 potassium channel and monoamine transmitters-receptors were also reviewed and future directions to explore the underline mechanism were also discussed.
Animals ; Antidepressive Agents ; pharmacology ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Gene Knockout Techniques ; Humans ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Potassium Channels, Tandem Pore Domain ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiology ; Receptors, Serotonin ; metabolism ; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT4 ; Serotonin ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the risk factors of injuries in middle school students and to provide basis for the prevention and reduction of such incidence.

METHODS1:1 case-control study was conducted on 254 cases and 254 controls on a basis of sex, age and grade. The relationship between risk factors and injuries were analyzed by conditional univariate and multivariate logistic regression.

RESULTSSeven risk factors responsible for the incidence of injury were identified as follows: high risk behaviors (OR = 18.0600), negligence of defence (OR = 12.6455), scramble (OR = 9.6552), father being illiterate (OR = 7.7191), risky environment around their houses (OR = 5.7402), extrovert temperament (OR = 5.4707) and mother being illiterate (OR = 3.0581). We also distinguished 5 protective factors as follows: education on safety (OR = 0.2356), harmonic relation between parents (OR = 0.4941), one-child per families (OR = 0.5233), students were more knowledgeable and having positive attitude towards road traffic (OR = 0.5340) and high economy level (OR = 0.5609).

CONCLUSIONThe injuries in middle school students were caused by multiple factors, hence should carry out intervention measures to modify the influencing factors of injuries. Injury prevention and control program should focus on certain strategies such as education and supervision of environment hazards.

Accident Prevention ; Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Risk Assessment ; Risk Factors ; Students ; Wounds and Injuries ; epidemiology ; prevention & control

Objective To evaluate the effects of 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy(3DCRT) in form of local control and survival of rectal cancer patients. Methods Forty-two patients with rectal cancer were irradiation by 3DCRT. They first received 40 Gy with larger field, at 1.8-2.0 Gy/f, 1 fraction qd, then followed by a boost of 24-27 Gy with reduced field, at 3.0-4.0 Gy/f, 1 fraction qod, to a total dose of 0,64-67 Gy. Results The 1-,2-,3-year survival rates were 83.3% ,64.3% and 45.2% .The 1-,2-,3-year local recurrence rates were 2.4%,11.9% and 23.9%. Conclusion Three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy is able to prolong the survival and improve the life quality of patients with rectal cancer.

Objective To investigate the relationship between polymorphism of NAD (P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1)and X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) and their correlation with smoking on the susceptibility to gastric cancer. Methods A 1:1 case-control study of 334 patients with primary gastric cancer, with non-cancer or alimentary inpatients as control group (matched for ages ± 5 years, sex and reqion) in Anhui province was conducted to analyze theNQO1C609T and XRCC1G28152A. Gene types by PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques. Interaction index (γ) was calculated to determine the type of gene- environment interaction. Results The average age of 334 cases of gastric cancer patients was 57 years, with 65.3% of them were male. Smoking rate in the case group (55.09%) was significantly higher than in the control group (36.53%). The consequence showing that it carried the heterozygous variant (CT)or homozygous variant (TT) of NQO1 could enhance the risk of gastric cancer(OR= 1.507,3.050),but not the XRCC1G28152A gene polymorphism or the susceptibility to gastric cancer. At the same time,individuals that carrying XRCC1AG and NQO1TT could increase 2.789 times the incidence of gastric cancer than those who carrying the XRCC1AG or NQO1CC. The gastric cancer risk of XRCC1GG individuals that carrying NQO1TT was 4.448 times higher than those who carrying XRCC1GG or NQO1 CC. The positive interactions of NQO1 homozygous variant (TT) , XRCC1 homozygous variant (GG) and smoking were revealed in the occurrence rates of gastric cancer (OR=3.094,γ =2.070). Conclusion Our research findings showed that the significant interactions between genetic polymorphisms of NQO1, XRCC1 and smoking added the risk of gastric cancer, while genetic and environmental hazardous factors co-effecting the development of gastric cancer.

Objective To understand health seeking behavior and its influential factors to reproductive tract infections (RTIs) on women at reproductive age in the rural areas. Methods 54 540 fertile women aged 15-49 were surveyed by a stratified-cluster-random sampling method and gynecological examination were conducted in two steps: converging at the clinics, and then visiting their households, later, 31 624 women who had at least one RTI symptom were chosen. Results Among all the women at reproductive age, the rate of having at least one RTI symptom was 59.8% with the means of RTI symptom as 1.66±0.89. 15 989 women went to see doctors out of the 31 624 women who had RTI symptoms, with a proportion of 50.6 %. The results of logistic regressy showed that those women whose husbands having higher education level, higher income, more RTI symptoms and better knowledge on RTI were more easily to go to the hospitals. However, those women whose husbands working out of the county, having older first bearing age and more numbers of pregnancy were less likely to go to the hospitals. Reasons that refrained them from going to see a doctor would include: 2137(13.7%) did not know that RTI was a disease; 7443(47.6%) of them thought that every woman were bound to have at least one symptom and it did not matter; 1629 (10.4%) of them felt shameful; 349 (2.2%) learned that the diseases were incurable; 975 (6.2 % ) felt the cost of treatment was too expensive; 2101 (13.4 %) had no time; 1001 (6.4 %) would treat themselves through buying medicines over the counter. Conclusion RTI symptoms were quite prevalent among women at reproductive age but the rate of seeing a doctor was low and caused by multi-factors. Health education and gynecological census in increasing the curable rate of RTIs should to be strengthened.

Objective To study effect of excessive iodine intake on sodium-iodide symporter(NIS)mRNA and protein expression of breast in lactating rats.Methods60 Wistar rats,having been weaned for one month,were randomly divided into three groups according to their body weights,I.e,①normal iodine(NI,30 rats);②ten fold high iodine(10 HI,15 rats);③one hundred fold high iodine(100 HI,15 rats).Eating food containing iodine of 300μg/L and drinking water of iodine at 5,1845,20 295μg/L,respectively.After fed for 3 months,the rats mated and had offspring,and urine and milk iodine of lactating rats were determined by As-Ce-catalytic spectrophotometric method.Their marmnary glands were sampled at lactation day 10.Then NIS mRNA expression by RT-PCR was determined and NIS protein by immunohistochemistry(SABC)was observed.Results The urine iodine of 10 HI group(3597.5μg/L)and 100HI group(25 404.3μg/L)increased obviously compared with that of NI group(344.7μg/L).The milk iodine of 10HI group(27.1×103μg/L)and 100HI group(191.0×1μg/L)was higher than that of NI group(6.0×103μg/L),but the increased fold of milk iodine was not paralleled with that of urine iodine.Difference of NIS mRNA expression was significant(F=24.19,P＜0.01)among the groups,and the NIS mRNA expression in 10HI(1.250±0.034)and 100HI(1.272±0.039)group were less than that in NI (1.532±0.044)group(P＜0.01).The breast NIS mRNA expression in lactating rats(1.532±0.044)was significantly higher than that in unlactating rats(0.879±0.018,P＜0.01).With the increasing iodine uptake,NIS protein expression decreased.Conclusions The NIS mRNA and protein in rat breasts is down-regulated by excessive iodine intake.So increasing extent of milk iodine concentration is inhibited,which is important to prevent off-spring from getting excessive iodine intake from parental generation.

Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)gene susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)by familial studies.Methods PCR-based re- striction fragment length polymorphism(RFLP)was applied to genotype single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) G261T of the ACE gene.A total of 119 patients with SLE from 119 families were recruited.In addition,316 family members of these patients were also genotyped.A family-based association study was carried out to ex- plore the association between gene polymorphism and SLE.We studied the SNP encoding non-synonymous substitution in the ACE gene with respect to genetic susceptibility to SLE.Results Among 119 SLE patients. the frequency of ACEG261TG,T alleles was 44.8%.55.2% respectively,the frequency of ACEG261T GG,GT and TT genotypes was 13.9%,62.0%,24.1% respectively,Univariate(single-marker)family-based association test(FBAT)demonstrated that variant alleles at the SNP,rs4303,exon 5 of ACE gene were significantly asso- ciated with genetic susceptibility to SLE in Additive Model(Z=2.877,P=0.004),Dominant Model(Z=2.557, P=0.011).Recessive Model(Z=2.202,P=0.028).Transmission-disequilibrium test(TDT)and sib transmission -disequilibrium test(STDT)showed an excess of the allele of T from heterozygous parents to affected offspring or higher frequency of the allele of T in the patients than their normal siblings(X~2=11.66,P=0.001).Conclu- sion Our findings suggest that the ACE gene may he the susceptible gene to SLE in Chinese population,and the individuals carrying ACE-261T allele is significantly associated with susceptibility to SLE.