AIM: To establish the quality control for Lidanzhitong Tablet (Radix Paeoniae Rubra,Fructus Aurantii,Rhizoma Corydalis,etc.). METHODS:Radix Paeoniae Rubra, Fructus Aurantii and Rhizoma Corydalis were identified by TLC, and the content of paeoniflorin in Radix Paeoniae Rubra was determined by HPLC. RESULTS: Paeoniflorin showed a good linear relationship at a range of 0.597-4.997 ?g, r=0.999 9. The average recovery was 99.06%, and RSD was 3.4%. CONCLUSION: The method is accurate and reliable, and can be used to control the quality of this preparation effectively。

Objective To study the effect of small diameter graft (0.8 cm) splenocaval or mesocaval shunts combined with pericardial devascularization in the treatment of portal hypertensive variceal bleeding. Methods Splenocaval shunts were performed in 14 patients and mesocaval shunts were done in 24 patients, in combination with pericardial devascularization. Results The average decrease of free portal pressure was 6.6±1.2 cm. There was no significant changes in liver function postoperatively (P>0.05). Platelet counts and leukocyte counts were back to normal in splenocaval shunt patients postoperatively (P< 0.05). Operative mortality was 3%. Pyrexia developed in 4 patients, intractable ascites in 1 patient, chylons ascites in 1 patient, hepatic encephalopathy in 1 patient, intraabdominal infection in 1 patient and stress ulceration in 1 patient. All patients recovered after expectant treatment except one who died from severe intraabdominal infection. 35 patients received follow-up between 6 months and 3 years, total effective rate was 89%, 2 patients died from recurrent variceal bleeding, the shunt potency rate was 80% in 1 year and 75% in 3 years. Esophagogastric varices disappeared or alleviated as shown by endoscopy in 25 patients on 6 months postoperatively. Conclusions Small diameter portosystemic graft shunts combined with poricardial devascularization is an effective therapy for bleeding esophagogastric varices with a low rate of hepatic encephalopathy. Splenocaval shunt alleviates hypersplenism concurrently.

Bioadhesive delivery systems with sustained release characteristics can promote the absorption and increase the bio-availability of drugs by prolonging the residence time on the applied site. The evaluation of adhesion property of bioadhesive drug deliv-ery systems is important because the sustained release effect and the absorption are closely related with the adhesion. The methods for the evaluation of the adhesive properties of bioadhesive drug delivery systems in vitro were summarized in the article, including determi-ning the minimum peel force, measuring the residues on mucosa surface, determining the retention time on mucosal surface, measuring the swelling and the viscosity of fluid and so on, and the operation of some methods were described simply as well.

Objective: To optimize the formula and preparation technology of cantharidin chitosan bioadhesive microspheres.Methods: The microspheres were prepared by a spray drying method.A single-factor experiment was used to study the effect of chitosan with different molecular weight on the gastric mucosa adhesion rate were also studied, and the effects of different drug loading ratio, concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution and speed of peristaltic pump on the loading rate were also studied.The cantharidin entrapment efficiency as the studying index, a response surface method was used to further optimize the formula.Results: The best formula and preparation process of cantharidin chitosan bioadhesive microspheres were as follows: the concentration ratio of antharidin to chitosan was 19.83% , the concentration of chitosan acetic acid solution was 0.77% , and the peristaltic pump flow rate was 9.225 ml·min-1.With the best formula, the entrapment efficiency of cantharidin chitosan bioadhesive microspheres was 90.14%.Conclusion: The microsphere preparation by the spray drying method is stable and repeatable.Cantharidin chitosan bioadhesive microspheres have high entrapment efficiency and promising biological adhesion.

Objective Enzyme triggered multi unit colon targeting mini tablet of indomethacin were prepared,in order to improve the target treatment of colon disease.Methods Different proportion of enteric layer and chitosan layer were screened to optimize the prescription.The colon targeting mini tablets were prepared by direct compression method.The drug release properties were investigated in different release medium.Rats were used to investigate the distribution of tissue in vivo.The Beagle dogs were used to study the pharmacokinetics and bioavailability.Results The optimum chitosan layer prescription:coating liquid concentration was 2％,plasticizer three citric acid ethyl ester (TEC) was 15％,an anti sticking agent amount of talc was 30％,coating weight was 5％;Enteric layer prescription:coating liquid solid content was 20％,plasticizer content of TEC was 5％,anti sticking agent talc powder dosage was 40％,coating weight was 3％.The chitosan multi unit colon targeted preparation seldom released in rat stomach and small intestine,released slowly in colon.The pharmacokinetics parameters in Beagle dogs were:Cmax =(3.25 + 0.672) mg·L-1,tmax =(2.00 + 0.014) h,AUC(0.∞) =(10.2 +0.871) mg·L-1 ·h,MRT (0-∞) =(2.82 + 0.180) h,CL =(2.46 + 0.202) L·h-1 ·kg-1.The release time of mini tablets for colon targeted was significantly prolonged and preserved stable blood concentration.Conclusion The enzyme triggered multi unit colon targeting mini tablet of indomethacin showed good target to colon and sustained release effect,providing an important reference for the development of preparation of indomethacin for the treatment of colon disease.

Objective This study is aimed to evaluate the association between the ABCG2 gene rs2231142 variant and gout using meta-analysis. Methods Related studies were identified by searching extensively in Chinese and foreign language databases such as Pubmed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, CBMdisc databases and so on. The quality of included studies was assessed by using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). The odds ratio (OR) was calculated using a random-effects or fixed-effects model. A Q statistic was used to evaluate the heterogeneity, and Eggerˊs test and funnel plot were used to assess publication bias. Sub-group analyses on ethnicities and sex were also performed. Results A total of 10 studies, including 3 478 gout patients and 10,089 controls from 6 countries or regions, were included and identified for the current metaan-alysis. It was found that the A allele or AA genotype of the ABCG2 rs2231142 polymorphism had an increased risk for gout in the general population [A allele: OR=2.03, 95%CI (1.77, 2.34), P<0.01 and AA genotype: OR=3.01, 95%CI (2.34, 3.88), P<0.01, respectively]. Similar results were found in sub-group analyses of different gender and races. Conclusion Existing evidence indicate that rs2231142 polymorphism (the A allele and AA genotype) is associated with increased risk of gout.

Objective To establish a content determination method for paeoniflorin in qisheng capsule. Methods The quantitative analysis of paeoniflorin in qisheng Capsule was carried out by high-performance liquid chromatography ( HPLC) . The chromatographic separation was achieved by using a Kromasil C18 chromatographic column (4. 6 mm×250 mm,5 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of methanol,water (1585) at a flow rate of 1. 0 mL·min-1 and 230 nm detection wavelength. Results The linear range was 2. 5-12. 5 μg·mL-1( r =0. 999 9). The average recovery and RSD of the method were 99. 97%and 0. 94%. Conclusion The method is accurate,specific,reproducible,which can effectively be used in quality control of paeoniflorin in qisheng capsule.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prognostic factors of lymph node-negative advanced gastric cancer patients in order to guide adjunctive therapy and surveillance tragedy.

METHODSA total of 236 advanced gastric cancer patients with no less than 12 retrieved lymph nodes and without lymph node metastasis from Fujian Provincial Hospital between 1998 and 2008 were collected retrospectively. Univariate and multivariate prognostic analysis were performed.

RESULTSTwo hundred and twenty-four patients(94.9%) were followed up and 5-year overall and disease-free survival rates were 75.2% and 66.4% respectively. Univariate prognostic analysis showed that depth of infiltration, Lauren histotype and retrieved lymph nodes were associated with 5-year overall survival(all P<0.05). Multivariate prognostic analysis testified that depth of infiltration was independent prognostic predictor(P<0.05). Recurrent rates of T2 and T3 patients were 5.8%(8/138) and 14.0%(12/86),5-year overall survival rates were 82.5% and 59.0%, 5-year disease-free survival rates were 70.4% and 52.2% respectively. These differences were all statistically significant (all P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONST2N0 gastric cancer patients have a better prognosis than T3N0 patients. Depth of infiltration should be considered to stratify lymph node-negative gastric cancer patients for an adjunctive treatment and follow-up scheduling.

Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gastrectomy ; Humans ; Lymph Node Excision ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stomach Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo study the causes of failure following surgical treatment of lumbar spondylolisthesis, procedures for redo surgery and the final result of reoperation.

METHODS20 patients who had a repeat operation for lumbar spondylolisthesis were studied retrospectively. On average 24.3 months following the previous surgery, all of these patients had recurrence or progression of back and leg pain. All of 20 patients were reoperated by means of three different procedures.

RESULTSThe causes of failure were post-operative destabilization (6 cases); progressive spondylolithesis (3 cases) implants failure (10 cases) and mistake segment (one case). After reoperation, a mean 34.1 months' follow-up was made. The excellent or good rate was 90%. Incorporation of graft was found in 18 cases with fusion by inter-transverse process and 2 cases by intervertebral space. New bone formation was found in 6 out of 8 cases that had a simultaneous intervertebral cage implant. No implant failure was found in all patients.

CONCLUSIONSSimple laminectomy or discectomy was not indication for lumbar spondylolithesis. No bone graft or union was the main causes of implant failure. Posterior instrumented fusion with laminectomy decompression can be used in the patients who had a prior surgery of simple discectomy or anterior intervertebral bone graft. Except for posterior instrumented fusion with extensive laminectomy decompression, Intervertebral fusion should be considered in the patients who had a prior surgery of laminectomy decompression with instrument, anterior intervertebral fusion (ALIF) was recommended for these cases.

Adult ; Aged ; Bone Transplantation ; methods ; Decompression, Surgical ; Diskectomy ; methods ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fusion ; methods ; Spondylolisthesis ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo study the treatment of spinal fractures in ankylosing spondylitis.

METHODSNineteen cases of spinal fractures complicating ankylosing spondylitis admitted in our hospital were studied retrospectively.

RESULTSAll of 19 cases were up to the diagnosis standards of ankylosing spondylitis. Eleven patients had cervical fracture and 8 had thoracolumbar fracture. Of the patients with cervical fracture, fractures occurred at C(5 - 7) in 9 patients. Of the patients with thoracolumbar injury, stress fractures were seen in 7 patients and all of seven fractures occurred at T(10)-L(2). Sixteen of the 19 patients sustained fractures through three columns of the spine. Nine patients had spinal cord injures; eight of the 9 cases had cervical fracture. All of the 19 patients were treated operatively. Four different surgical procedures were used in patients with cervical fracture; decompression, fusion and stabilization with instrumentation by anterior approach were performed in 9 patients. Of the patients with thoracolumbar fractures, four different operations were performed; fusion by both anterior and posterior approach plus a long posterior instrument were used in 5 cases. Eighteen patients had an average follow-up period of 46.6 months. Nine patients with preoperative neurological deficits improved in 8 and was stabilized in 1. Radiographic evidence of fusion was observed in all of the 18 patients. Two patients suffered neurological deterioration during surgery. One patient died from cerebrovascular infarction. Two patients had pneumonia after the operative procedure.

CONCLUSIONSSpinal fractures in ankylosing spondylitis are associated with a high rate of neurological injury. Shearing fracture usually occurs at the lower cervical spine (C(5 - 7)) and stress fracture at thoracolumbar spine. Most of the fractures involve three columns of spine. Surgical intervention may be indicated in this injury. Fracture union and neurological improvement can be achieved in most patients treated by operation. We suggest that, fusion and stabilization with instrumentation by anterior approach is indicated in most cervical shearing fracture, and a combined fusion by both sides plus a long posterior instrument is probably beneficial in patients with thoracolumbar stress fracture. Complications is not rare after surgery and appropriate preventive measures are necessary for these patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperostosis, Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal ; complications ; surgery ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; complications ; Postoperative Care ; Postoperative Complications ; prevention & control ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Spinal Fractures ; etiology ; surgery ; Thoracic Vertebrae ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome