Objective: To discuss the feasibility of using tissue engineered bone to repair large chest wall defects. Methods: Skeletal chest wall defects were reconstructed by tissue engineered bones in five dogs. These tissue engineered bones were constructed by seeding autologous mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) onto xenogenic acellular porcine bone matrix (APBM), a biodegradable scaffold. Within every regenerated bone was and assistant nutrition catheter designed to keep the cell living before reformation of blood supply. This catherter could also maintain the bone regeneration microenvironment through bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and other growth factors delivered every day. Apparently diminished repair potential may be prevented by periodic administration of MACs. Results: Three-months follow-up showed that sufficient chest wall stability was obtained, and no postoperative complication occurred such as flail chest, infection. Conclusion: Tissue engineered bone is a perfect biomaterial for chest wall defect reconstruction.