Objective To investigate the application and effect on the performance training of adverse events, and to improve the quality of nursing teaching. Methods Totally 120 new graduate nurses in our hospital were randomly divided into study group(n=60)and control group(n=60). Study group used performance training while control group used traditional training mode and evaluation was made from the adverse event knowledge score , number of adverse events and satisfaction degree of stu-dents. Results Adverse event knowledge score of study group (9.57±0.563) was obviously higher than that of control group(84.90±3.245). Satisfaction degree of students in study group(9.57±0.563) was higher than that of control group(7.35 ±0.917), with statistical differences(P<0.01). Number of ad-verse events(n=3) was obviously lower in study group than in control group(n=15), with statistical differences(P<0.01). Conclusion In adverse events teaching, performance training can be helpful in arousing students' interests in learning. Experiences of self-examination and self-correction also make the students have a deep impression on knowledge, which improves the quality of adverse events teaching and reduces the incidence of adverse events in the new graduates.

OBJECTIVE:To improve hydroscopicity and fluidity of traditional Chinese drug extractum by spray drying and to improve affixes to the wall of the drier during drying for providing reasonable relative humidity of production.METHODS:The compounding of adjuvant and the technology were optimized by orthogonal experiment,and the hydroscopicity and fluidity of powdered extract were investigated.RESULTS:The hydroscopicity of traditional Chinese drug extractum can be greatly decreased by adding 3% gum arabic and 7% ?-CD.The optimum technological conditions were as follows:extractum density of 1.10g? mL-1,temperature of intake airflow of 170℃,atomization pressure of 0.5Mpa,and feed material speed of 400mL? h-1 by orthogonal experiment.The critical relative humidity of the optimum formula was 64%.CONCLUTION:The problems of time consuming and moisture absorption of traditional Chinese drug extractum existed in the traditional old technology can be improved in this new technology.

Objective The paclitaxel loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (PTX-SLNs) were prepared by an ultrasonic-dispersion emulsification technique. The stability of PTX-SLNs was investigated in this study. Methods The technology was preferenced by stability, Zeta potential, particle diameter, and entrapment efficiency as indexes. The doses of lipid materials and coemulsifier, the ultrasonic time, and the ultrasonic power were investigated in detail. Results The optimum prescriptions were definited by one-factor and orthogonal test. The adjuvant: glyceryl monostearate (100/150 mg), Fabaceous Lecithin (100 mg), coemulsifier Pluronic F68∶Tween 80 (2∶1). The samples were sonicated with an energy output of 300 W in 20 min after emulsified at (75?5) ℃. Conclusion The PTX-SLNs are successfully prepared and PTX-SLNs with high stability are fairly dispersed in colloidal solution. This technology has a nice prospect with safety and reliability.

Objective To explore the value and applicability of the activity of glucose-6 phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6PD) for the auxiliary diagnosis of thalassemia.Methods Nine hundred and forty samples verified by the agar gel hemoglobin electrophoresis and(or) gene diagnosis,blood count measurement,serum ferritin and G-6PD activity test were divided into 3 groups [820 cases of thalassemia in group A;40 cases of iron deficiency anemia(IDA) in group B;80 cases normal control group in group C] and the G-6PD activities of them were analyzed statistically.Results The activity of G-6PD of those samples were(35.23?7.11),(34.95?10.72),(26.64?10.85),(23.86?7.68),(19.89?5.99),(18.65?6.67),(16.75?5.49) NBTU respectively in HbH disease,?-thalassemia major,?-thalassemia intermedia,IDA,?-thalassemia minor,? combine with ?-thalassemia,?-thalassemia trait,there were significant differences compared with normal control group(Pa0.05).Conclusions G-6PD activity increase in both thalassemia and IDA group,it can be used in auxiliary diagnosis of thalassemia but had its serviceable range.It′s suitable for the auxiliary diagnosis of HbH disease and ?-thalassemia major,but not for the discrimination of gene category in thalassemia.

AIM To investigate the anti oxidation activities of new systhesized nitroxides in liver, liver mitochondria and RBC from rats and in egg phospholipid. METHODS The homogenates of liver, liver mitochondria from rats and the suspensions of egg phospholipid were used to determine malondialdehyde (MDA) formation induced by Fe 2+ Vit C system using TBA colorimetric method. H 2O 2 caused hemolysis was measured spectrometrically. Superoxide anion was assayed spectrometrically. RESULTS Nitroxides A, B with one active group (NO?) could inhibit MDA generation caused by ?OH generation system significantly, antagonized hemolysis induced by H 2O 2, but did not affect O ? 2 formation; Nitroxide C with two active group (NO?) possessed similar potent anti lipoperoxidative activities,IC 50

Adult ; Carcinoma, Endometrioid ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Cervix Uteri ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Endometrial Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Endometrial Stromal Tumors ; diagnosis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged

Many reports have documented a role of insulin and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) as growth factors in many cancers. The sequence and structure of insulin receptor (IR) and IGF receptor (IGF-1R) are highly similar. Both receptors are overexpressed in leukemia cells.Studies indicate that insulin can enhance the signal of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt pathways by activating IR or IGF-1R or hybrid IR/IGF-IR receptors, resulting in the proliferation of leukemia cells. High concentration of insulin may inhibit the growth of leukemia cells, the mechanism of which remains to be unclear. Inhibiting IR and IGF-IR can diminish the proliferation of leukemia cells. Therefore, the assumption of IR/IGF-1R as a potential therapeutic target in leukemia appears reasonable. This article summarizes the recent advancement associated with the signaling pathway of insulin effecting the proliferation of leukemia cells.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Humans ; Insulin ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Leukemia ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptor, Insulin ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

BACKGROUND: Emblic leafflower fruit contains rich vitamin C, organic acid and mineral substance. It is indicated in modern research that emblic leaafflower fruit acts on preventing from cancer and anti-aging too. In recent years, more and more concerns have been paid to the researches on functional factor of emblic leafflower fruit and the development of the relevant functional food. It has been verified that emblic leafflower fruit acts on reducing lipid and anti-oxidation in vitro, but there are still lacks of enough basic researches to support it.OBJECTIVE: To probe into mechanism of emblid leafflower fruit on anti-oxidation and protection of vascular endothelial function in rabbits with hyperlipemia.DESIGN: Randomized controlled experimental study based on the experimental animals.SETTING: Atherosclerosis(As) experimental room in a university hospital.MATERIALS: Totally 24 normal NewZealand male rabbits, mass weighted (2.2±0.5) kg.METHODS: The experiment was performed in As Experimental Room of Beijing Anzhen Hospital from September 2001 to May 2002. Totally 24 New Zealand male rabbits were randomized into the control, the power of emblid leafflower fruit group(powder group)(4 g/kg day) and hypercholesterolemia model group (model group), 8 rabbits in each group. In both power and model groups, the rabbits were fed with hypercholesterol food. Oxidase method was applied to assay the content of serum lipid, chemical method to assay the plasma total anti-oxidation and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), radio-immune method to assay the content of plasma endothelin-1 (ET-1), digoxin labeled probe and tissue hybridism in situ to assay the expression of endothelin mRNA of aortic tunica intima, and image analyzer to assay the area of aortic intimal atherosclerosis plaque and the ratio between the area of tunica intima and the area of tunica media.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcomes included blood lipid level, serum MDA concentration and the comparison of artery plaque areas. The secondary outcomes included the changes in plasma ET-1.RESULTS: By the comparison between the powder group and model group in triglyceride(TG) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C) were significantly reduced [(11.70 ± 1.73), (14.32 ±2.22) mmol/L, P<0.05; (0.740 ± 0.107), (1.450 ± 0.220) mmol/L, P <0.01 successively]and thehigh density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C) was increased MDA was significantly decreased [ (3.88 ± 0.51 ), (6. 29 ± 1.43 ) mmol / L,P < 0.01 ] and the total anti-oxidation significantly increased [ (10. 771der photo-microscope that the plaque area and the ratio between intima area and media area were remarkably decreased [(39.46±6.53), (50.69± 12.36)mmol/L, P < 0.05; (0. 62 ±0. 32), (1.38 ±0.38) mmol/L, Pgranules of aortic intima ET-1 gene were rem~kably decreased compared with the model group.CONCLUSION: Emblic leafflower fruit prevents from the formation of experimental atheromatous plaque in rabbits probably by regulating rabbit lipid metabolism, improving anti-oxidation to reduce lipid peroxidation and protecting endothelial function to inhibit the expression of artery intima ET-1 gene.

Objective To exclude false positivities in detection of IgM antibodies against hepatitis E vires of genotype 4 (HEV-4) using a truncated immunodominant polypeptide of HEV open reading frames (ORF2). Methods The recombinant ORF2 immunodominant polypeptide corresponding to amino acids (AA) 459-607 and a truncated polypeptide corresponding to AA 472-607 were separately applied to coat ELISA plates. Anti-HEV IgM from 35 serum samples with HEV RNA positive, 69 serum samples from healthy individuals and 117 clinically suspicious HEV RNA positive serum samples was detected by an indirect ELISA and was confirmed by western blot in protein level and RT-PCR detecting in RNA level. Results Western blot analysis showed that the sera from HEV patients reacted with the dimmer of peptide 459-607, but they didn't react with the monomer and peptide 472-607. The ELISA showed that all 35 serum HEV RNA positive samples reacted with peptide 459-607 but not with peptide 472-607 and none of the 69 serum samples from healthy individuals reacted with either polypeptide. Among 117 chnically suspicious HEV RNA serum samples, 5 samples reacted simultaneously with both polypeptides. But the difference between 450 nm absorbance (A450) value was less than 0. 5. Western blot analysis demonstrated that all the 5 serum samples were anti-HEV IgM- negative. The 5 serum samples was detected negative by RT-PCR, indicating that the false pesitivities were caused by non-specific absorption. Conclusions ORF2 peptide 459-607 may be used to detect anti-HEV lgM efficiently. The false positivities caused by non-specific absorption can be largely excluded according to the difference between 45Ohm absorbance (A450) value when serum reacts with both polypeptides.

Objective To investigate the distribution,epidemiologic features and antibiotic resistance of the enteric pathogens i-solated from children with diarrhea.Methods Enteric pathogens were isolated from children’s stool samples.The children with diarrhea were treated in the outpatient and inpatient of Shanghai Children’s Hospital between 2008 and 2013.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was conducted by disk diffusion method for Salmonella and Shigella with 6 antimicrobial agents.Results A total of 545 enteric pathogens were collected.Salmonella was the dominant pathogen,accounting for 67.2%,followed by Shigella (20.7%),S.aureus (4.6%),C.jejuni (3.7%),Aeromonas (2.4%),and enteropathogenic E.coli (0.9%).The main serotypes of Salmonella were S.typhimurium and S.enteritidis.Approximately 56.3% of the patients were boys.A-bout 72.7% of the patients were infants under 2 years.The prevalence of diarrhea peaked in summer and autumn (72.9%). The susceptibility of these isolates was only tested with seven antibiotics.Shigella showed higher level of resistance to ampicil-lin and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole than Salmonella (P<0.05).Significantly higher percentage of S.flexneri isolates were resistant to sulbactam-ampicillin,ceftriaxone,ciprofloxacin,and chloramphenicol than S.sonnei (P<0.001).Further-more,the prevalence of multidrug resistant strains in Shigella (68.3%)was much higher than that in Salmonella (44.7%,P<0.001).Conclusions A variety of diarrhea-causing enteric pathogens are isolated from the children in Shanghai Children’s Hospital.The isolates are predominantly Salmonella and Shigella species.The epidemiological features of Salmonella and Shigella species are different in terms of gender,age,season and geographical distribution.The resistance to antibiotics is a serious problem and varies with different types of pathogens. Intensive and ongoing surveillance of enteric pathogens and their changing resistant pattern is required to control diar-rhea in children.