Adult ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; etiology ; Coronary Aneurysm ; etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; etiology ; Wounds and Injuries ; complications

Objective: To detect varicella-zoster virus ( VZV ) antibody levels among children aged 1 to 12 years in Lu'an City, Anhui Province, so as to provide insights into perfection of the varicella immunization strategy. Methods: Children aged 1 to 12 years were recruited from Lu'an City using the stratified random sampling method from July 2018 to February 2019, and subjects' demographics were collected using questionnaires. The inoculation of varicella vaccines was retrieved through the Anhui Immunization Information Management System or review of preventive immunization certificates, and the serum VZV IgG antibody was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ). The seroprevalence and geometric mean concentration of the VZV-IgG antibody were estimated, and the changes of serum the VZV-IgG antibody levels were analyzed at different time intervals following varicella vaccination. Results: Totally 734 children were surveyed, with a mean age of ( 6.94±2.95 ) years, and the subjects included 412 boys ( 56.13% ) and 322 girls ( 43.87% ). There were 514 children ( 70.03% ) with a history of varicella vaccination, including 501 children ( 68.26% ) with one dose of varicella vaccine and 13 children ( 1.77% ) with two doses. There were 297 children ( 40.46% ) positive for VZV-IgG antibody, with seroprevalence of 40.46%, and the GMC of VZV-IgG antibody was 74.97 ( 95%CI: 65.55-85.75 ) mIU/mL. The seroprevalence of the VZV-IgG antibody were 34.55%, 42.91%, and 46.15% among the unvaccinated children and children receiving one dose and two doses of varicella vaccine, with the GMCs of 53.04, 86.31 and 114.46 mIU/mL, respectively. The mean time interval between inoculation of the last dose of varicella vaccine and blood sample collection was ( 5.21±2.79 ) years, and the lowest seroprevalene (31.48%) and GMC of the VZV-IgG antibody (49.96 mIU/mL) were found 4 years after inoculation of varicella vaccine. Conclusions The serum VZV-IgG antibody level is low among children aged 1 to 12 years in Lu'an City, and the seroprevalence of the VZV-IgG antibody is affected by age and doses of varicella vaccine. A 2-dose schedule of varicella vaccine is recommended for children.

Objective To develop a simple method of determination of sorafenib in serum by reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and to explore its application in sorafenib therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).Methods Sorafenib extracted by ethyl ether-petroleum (9∶1) with internal standard of erlotinib from serum was wiped off in 60 ℃ water bath.Sorafenib was redissolved by mobile buffer and analyzed by 40 μl.Chromatographic column was Symmetry Rp18 (5 μm,4.6 mm×250 mm,waters) column in normal temperature.The mobile buffer was 28 mmol/L acetate buffer (pH 5.8)-acetonitrile (37∶63).Sorafenib and erlotinib were detected in 249 nm and 335 nm,respectively.Results The concentration range of sorafenib was 0.50-20.00 μg/ml (r =0.9999).The within-day and between-day accuracies of sorafenib were less than 4.77 ％ and 8.79 ％,respectively.The average recovery rate was 98.48 ％.Sorafenib was stable in serum or after extraction.The concentrations of sorafenib in two patients were detected.Conclusion Detection of sorafenib in serum by RP-HPLC is simple and accurate,which is available to determine sorafenib in serum.The TDM of sorafenib has clinical significance.

AIM:To investigate the efficiency of 2-methoxyestradiol (2-ME) as radiosensitizing agent for the treatment of lung cancer cells. METHODS:Cell line A549 and GLC-82 originated from human non-small cell lung cancer were cultured in vitro. Study group (2-ME in different concentrations) and control group without 2-ME were set up. Cell proliferation was measured by MTT assay that lung cancer cells were treated with 2-ME for 24 h,then the cells were exposed from 0 to 8Gy radiation,and the survival fraction was determined by clone forming test. Flow cytometry was used to measure the effects of 2-ME on cell cycle distribution. RESULTS:MTT assay showed minimum effective concentration value was 0.15625×10~(-6) mol/L in GLC-82 and 1.25×10~(-6) mol/L in A549 cells. Compared to control group,exposed GLC-82 cells or A549 cells to minimum effective concentration of 2-ME for 24 h before irradiation resulted in an enhancement of radiation. The protection enhancement factor was 1.98 and 2.06 in GLC-82 and A549 cells,respectively. Flow cytometry analysis of cell cycle progression demonstrated G_2/M phase arrest in both cells in a dose dependent manner. No obvious change of CDK2 activity in both GLC-82 cells and A549 cells was observed. CONCLUSION:2-ME enhances radiosensitivity by G_2/M phase arrest in the cell cycle.

OBJECTIVESTo explore the effect of hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) on the differentiation and apoptosis of HL-60 and U937 cells, and its mechanism.

METHODSFlow cytometry was used to evaluate the expressions of cellular surface antigen CD(11b), CD(14), apoptotic marker Annexin V, cell cycle distribution and endocytic antigen cyclin D, cyclin E and p27. Changes of c-myc, Rb, Bcl-2 gene mRNA levels were detected by RT-PCR.

RESULTSAfter 72 hours of HMBA treatment, CD(11b) expressions increased significantly, apoptosis increased under high-dose HMBA, cells were arrested in G(0)/G(1) phase and reduced cyclin E, increased cyclin D and p27 were significant in a dose-dependent manner in HL-60 and U937 cells. RT-PCR showed that c-myc and bcl-2 mRNA was significantly down-regulated and Rb mRNA up-regulated in HL-60 and U937 cells.

CONCLUSIONHMBA can induce the differentiation of HL-60 and U937 cells, while apoptosis of these cell is induced only by high dose of HMBA. The possible mechanism of HMBA inducing differentiation might be related to the changes of cell cycle regulators and certain proliferation and differentiation related genes.

Acetamides ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; U937 Cells

Aim To assess the effects of Banqiao Codonopisis Pilosula(BCP)decoction on learning and memory dysfunction in AD model rats induced by high activity GSK-3β and its possible mechanism.Methods The SD rats(4 months old,♂)were divided into five groups,namely,sham-operated group(blank group),AD model group,BCP high-dose(2.16 g·kg-1·d-1)group,BCP medium-dose(1.08 g·kg-1·d-1)group,and BCP lower-dose(0.54 g·kg-1·d-1)group.Treatment group received BCP decoction by gavage once a day for 14 days,while other groups were offered drinking water by gavage once a day for 14 days.The autonomous behavior activities of all rats were observed and recorded after gavage.In the last seven days by gavage,Morris water maze test was used to test the spatial learning and memory ability of the five groups.After five days training,treatment groups and AD model group were injected wortmannin(WT,PI3K specific inhibitor)and GF-109203X(GFX,PKC specific inhibitor)(100 μmol·L-1 of each,total volume of 10 μL)into the right lateral ventricle of the rats.The blank group was only injected 2％DMSO.The spatial memory retention was detected by water maze 24 hours after lateral ventricle injection.Then,changes in the spatial learning memory of rats were observed.The level of Tau phosphorylation in SD rat hippocampus and the expression and activity changes of related protein kinase GSK-3β were detected by Western blot and immunohistochemistry.The changes of Nissl bodies in SD rat hippocampus were observed by Nissl′s staining.Results After intragastric administration of BCP,the rat autonomous behavior activities in each group all showed a declining trend,and the differences in low-dose and middle-dose groups had statistical significance compared with blank group.The Morris water maze tests showed that the latency navigation of model group was significantly longer than that of blank group(P<0.01),while that of the BCP three doses groups was shorter than that of model group(P<0.05).Compared with the same group,the latency navigation of the three groups after gavage BCP low,middle and high dose was significant shorter than that without gavage(P<0.05).Western blot results showed that the activity of GSK-3β in AD model group was up-regulated compared with the blank group.However,BCP inhibited activity of GSK-3β.Western blot and immunohistochemistry results showed the level of Tau phosphorylation in AD model group was increased compared with the blank group in the area of CA3(P<0.05).Compared with AD model group,the level of Tau phosphorylation was decreased in treatment group.Nissl′s staining results showed that dendritic spines in AD model group was significantly attenuated compared with the blank group(P<0.05).Far more dendritic spines were observed in treatment group than in AD model group.The number of Nissl′s bodies in neuron cells of hippocampus in hippocampal CA3 was obviously larger in treatment groups than in AD model group.These effect of BCP was dose-dependent.Conclusions BCP can prevent the learning and memory dysfunction in AD model rats induced by high activity of GSK-3β.The mechanism may be related to inhibiting GSK-3β activity and then reducing the level of phosphorylation of Tau and improving neural development.

A GeXP based multiplex PCR assay was developed to simultaneously detect six different chicken respiratory viruses including H5, H7, H9 subtypes of avian influenza virus(AIV), new castle disease virus (NDV), infectious bronchitis virus(IBV) and infectious laryngotracheitis virus(ILTV). According to the conserved sequences of genes of each pathogen, seven pairs of specific primers were designed, and the reaction conditions were optimized. The specificity and accuracy of GeXP were examined using samples of single and mixed infections of virus. The sensitivity was evaluated by performing the assay on serial 10-fold dilutions of cloned plasmids. To further evaluate the reliability, thirty-four clinical samples were detected by GeXP. The corresponding specific fragments of genes were amplified. The detection limit of GeXP was 10(2) copies/microL when all of 7 pre-mixed plasmids containing target genes of six chicken respiratory viruses were present. In the detection of thirty-four clinical samples, the results of GeXP were accorded with the viral isolation completely. In conclusion, this GeXP assay is a rapid, specific, sensitive and high-throughput method for the detection of chicken respiratory virus infections. It can be applied in rapid differential diagnosis for clinical samples, and also provide an effective tool to prevent and control chicken respiratory diseases with similar clinical symptoms.
Animals ; Chickens ; Influenza A virus ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; physiology ; Influenza in Birds ; diagnosis ; virology ; Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Poultry Diseases ; diagnosis ; virology ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; diagnosis ; veterinary ; virology

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of rabbit limbs ischemia/reperfusion on myocardial necrosis and apoptosis in vivo.

METHODSThirty-six healthy new zealand rabbits were randomly divided into 3 groups: (1) Sham group; (2) I/R(Ischemia/reperfusion) group; (3) RPostC (remote postconditioning) group. The activity of blood serum creatine kinase (CK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were measured at baseline, the end of ischemia after 60 min and 120 min of reperfusion respectively. The extent of myocardial ischemia and the scope of myocardial infarction were assessed by evans blue and Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC). The myocardial cell's apoptosis at the area of myocardial ischemia was estimated by Tunel. Protein expression of caspase-3, Bcl-2 and Bax in myocardial ischemic area were analyzed with the method of immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSCompared with I/R group, the myocardial infarct size and the CK activity were significantly reduced in RPostC group. The Tunel positive index of RPostC group in ischemic myocardium was significantly lower than that in I/R group (21.79% +/- 1.07% vs 35.81% +/- 1.10%, P < 0.05). Caspase-3 positive cells index was calculated with randomly selected five regions in each slide and then the positive cells in per hundred cells were calculated. The RPostC group of caspase-3 positive cells was significantly lower than that in I/ R group(25.03% +/- 1.16% as 39% +/- 2.43%, P < 0.05). Compared with the sham group, the Bax protein expression index and the Bcl-2 protein expression index of I/R group and RPostC group were increased. The Bax/Bcl-2 ratio of RPostC group decreased, while it was increased in I/R. Compared with the I/R group, the Bax protein expression and Bax/Bcl-2 ratio of RPostC group significantly reduced, but the expression index of Bcl-2 ratio was significantly increased, the differences were statistically significant.

CONCLUSIONLimbs ischemia/postconditioning could significantly reduce necrosis and apoptosis of ischemia/reperfusion myocardium. The mechanism of reducing the myocardial cell apoptosis may have relation to inhibiting the activation of pro-apoptotic gene caspase-3 and increased expression of Bcl-2.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Creatine Kinase ; blood ; Ischemic Postconditioning ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; blood ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; blood supply ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; pathology ; Necrosis ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Rabbits ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo elucidate the effect of angiotensin II (AngII) on the expression of tissue factor (TF) by monocytes and its mechanisms.

METHODSMonocytes were isolated from healthy volunteers by Ficoll-Hypaque gradient and Percoll, and cultured in RPMI-1640. Procoagulant activity (PCA) was determined by one-stage clotting method, TF antigen by ELISA. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the TF gene mRNA. The levels of IkappaBalpha was detected by Western blot. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) were performed to evaluate the activity of NF-kappaB.

RESULTSAngII (10(-9) - 10(-7) mol/L) significantly increased monocyte PCA, TF antigen and TF mRNA expression in a dose and time dependent manner. Losartan (10(-6) - 10(-5) mol/L) significantly inhibited the effects of AngII on TF activity, antigen and mRNA expression in a dose-dependent effects. Staurosporine (2.5 x 10(-7) mol/L) and genistein (4 x 10(-5) mol/L) lowered TF level of monocytes (P < 0.05). Western blot analysis revealed that after exposure to AngII (10(-7) mol/L), IkappaBalpha level decreased at 15 min, reached nadir at 60 min, and recovered at 180 min. EMSA showed NF-kappaB binding activity increased at 15 min, reached peak at 60 min, and recovered at 180 min. Pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC, 10(-4) mol/L), an inhibitor of NF-kappaB, or AT1R antagonist losartan (10(-5)mol/L) inhibited AngII-induced NF-kappaB translocation.

CONCLUSIONSAngII could induce the expression of TF in human monocytes, and this effect was mediated by AT1R. The PKC pathway played the most important role in AngII-induced TF expression. The activation of NF-kappaB was involved in TF expression in monocytes.

Angiotensin II ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Genistein ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Losartan ; pharmacology ; Monocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; NF-kappa B ; metabolism ; Protein Kinase C ; physiology ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1 ; physiology ; Staurosporine ; pharmacology ; Thromboplastin ; genetics

Acetamides ; pharmacology ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; CD11b Antigen ; analysis ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cyclin D ; Cyclin E ; analysis ; Cyclins ; analysis ; G1 Phase ; Genes, Retinoblastoma ; Genes, bcl-2 ; Genes, myc ; HL-60 Cells ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid ; pathology ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; analysis ; RNA ; analysis ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; U937 Cells