Objective To discuss the correlation between the leading style of lead nurses and nurses satisfaction degree with work of by applying managerial grid theory.Methods 300 nurses from 40 nursing units of 5 hospitals above class-two level were investigated with 3 kinds questionnaires.Results The number of head nurses who were considered to conduct with bureaucratic style reached 39.7%.Thosewith democratic style,parent style,autocratical style and indulgent style ranked the 2nd,3th,4th and 5th position respectively.In addition the leading styles were correlated with nurses'satisfaction degree with work,among which the democratic style gained the highest satisfaction degree of nurses.Conclusion The democratic leading style Was the most satisfying and it put forward new thinking and reference for futurenursing management.

One-hundred and eighty-eight cases of metabolic syndrome conforming to the criteria of International Diabetes Federation(IDF) were enrolled,and 166 healthy subjects served as control.Phalangeal bone mineral densities in both groups were measured.Osteocacin,bone alkaline phosphatase,and parathyroid hormone were determined with Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results:Body mass index,waist circumference,waist-tohip ratio,fasting blood glucose,blood pressure,triglycerides,total cholesterol,and low-density lipoproteincholesterol in the group with metabolic syndrome were higher than those in normal control group(all P＜0.01),while high-dcnsity lipoprotein-cholesterol was lower (P ＜ 0.01).T values,Z values,and osteocacin in the metabolic syndrome group were lower than those in control group (all P＜0.05),while parathyroid hormone was higher (P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in levels of bone alkaline phosphatase between the two groups.Metabolic syndrome as an aggregate of multiple metabolic disorders was prone to be accompanied with osteoporosis.Body mass index was an important protective factor of osteoporosis,triglycerides and waist-hip ratio were independent risk factors.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the preoperative utilization of antibacterial in orthopaedic patients in our hospital. METHODS: The preoperative use of antibacterial in 300 orthopaedic patients in our hospital in 2008 was reviewed. RESULTS: Of the 300 patients in our study, 100% of them were recieved preoperative antibacterial. Two of the most widely used antibacterials were clindamycin and cefuroxime sodium. The use of antibacterial in 228 patients were overtime after operation (76.00%), of which the use of antibacterial in 161 patients in type Ⅰ incision exceed 24 hour(70.61%), 56 patients in type Ⅱ incision exceed 2 days(24.56%) and 11 patients in type Ⅲ incision exceed 7 days (4.82%). CONCLUSION: The usage of preoperative antibacterial was inappropriate and the duration of administration is too long, which should be standardized.

Aim To study the effect of activating Sonic hedgehog( Shh) pathway on the function of endothelial progenitor cells ( EPCs ) in type 1 diabetic mice. Methods EPCs were isolated and cultured by density gradient method from diabetic mice. The effects of Shh N-terminal peptide and agonist SAG on EPCs prolifera-tion were evaluated by using the MTT colorimetric as-say. EPCs migration was measured by Transwell meth-od. EPCs tube formation ability was estimated by Matrigel . EPCs senescence activity was determined by β-galactosidase staining. Results Compared with control mice, the function of EPCs in type 1 diabetic mice was impaired. The proliferation, migration and tube formation of diabetic EPCs could be promoted by Shh peptide and agonist SAG. The senescence of dia-betic EPCs could be decreased by Shh peptide and ag-onist SAG. Conclusion Activating Shh signaling pathway can improve the impared function of diabetic EPCs in type 1 diabetic mice.

Objective To study the synergism effect of 131 I-Herceptin and high-energy X-ray on HER2 overexpressed breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells.Methods The protein expression and gene amplification of human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 ( HER2 ) in SK-BR-3 cells were identified by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization ( FISH ) method, 131 I-Herceptin was prepared by iodogen method, and the IC15 concentration of 131 I-Herceptin on SK-BR-3 cell were selected by MTT method.The cells were divided into control group and drug group according to 131 I-Herceptin used or not, and were delivered five different doses of external irradiation (0,2,4 and 6Gy), and the synergism effect was detected by colonogenic assay.The cells were divided into blank group, drug group(131I-Herceptin), X-ray group(2 Gy external irradiation) and combination group (131I-Herceptin+2 Gy external irradiation), the apoptosis rate and death rate were detected by AO/EB method and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry.Results The labling rate, radiochemical purity and specific radioactivity of 131 I-Herceptin were 86.8%, 93.9% and 868.3 μci/mg, respectively.The IC15 of 131 I-Herceptin was 15.625μci/mL.131 I-Herceptin and high-energy X-ray significantly reduced surviving fraction ( SF) ( F=628.888,F=964.97,P<0.05) and there were interactions between them (F=113.046,P<0.05).There were significant differences in apoptosis rate and death rate among blank group, drug group, X-ray group and combination group(F=103.324,F=13.33,all P<0.05),and there were significant differences of pairwise comparison (P<0.05).After irradiation and 131I-Herceptin administration, the cell cycle changed obviously from G1-phase to G2-and S-phase.Conclusion 131 I-Herceptin combined with high-energy X-ray has the synergism effect on HER2 overexpressed breast cancer SK-BR-3 cells.

Objective To clone CYP3A4 gene and to construct CYP3A4 recombinant mammalian expression vectors which are transferred into K562 cells for expression,and detect the anti-tumor effect of CYP3A4 combined with Cyclophosphamide (CPA) in vitro.Methods Mammalian expression vector containing CYP3A4 gene cloned from human hepatocytes by RT-PCR were constructed and transferred into K562 cells via liposome. The expression of CYP3A4 was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot respectively. MTT detected the anti-tumor effect of CYP3A4 recombinant mammalian expression vectors combined with CPA.Results We cloned CYP3A4 gene and constructed the recombinant mammalian expression vectors pcDNA3, 1/myc-His A (+)-CYP3A4 successfully. Both RT-PCR and Western blot showed significantly higher mRNA and protein expression of CYP3A4 in gene-transfected group than in empty vector-transfected controls and in empty cells controls. The IC_(50) values were 1. 090 16 mmol/L in gene-transfected group, which were significantly lower than in other two groups and could be reduced and increased by the revulsant and inhibitor respectively.Conclusions CYP3A4 recombinant mammalian expression vectors had anti-tumor effect cooperating with CPA, and the effect could be increased and reduced by the revulsant and inhibitor of CYP3A4 respectively.

AIM　To improve the treatment efficacy of anti-tumor drug mitoxantrone, the conjugation of mitoxantrone-loaded nanospheres and anti-C-erbB-2 monoclonal antibodies were prepared. METHODS Mitoxantrone-loaded nanospheres were prepared with emulsion-heating solidification technique. A heterobifunctional reagent, N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio) propionate (SPDP), was used as the crosslinker of mitoxantrone-loaded nanospheres and anti-C-erbB-2 monoclonal antibodies; pharmaceutical properties of immunonanocapsuls were studied; the conjugates of nanospheres and monoclonal antibodies was confirmed with immunological methods such as slide agglutination test, fluorescent immunossay and rosset formation test, fluorescent staining and scanning electron microscope. RESULTS　Mitoxantrone-loaded nanospheres were spherical, with smooth surface and median diameter of 0.665 micron. When stored at 3-5, 20-25 and 37℃, RH 75% for three months, the appearance, morphology, size distribution, drug loading and in vitro release characteristics showed no significant change and the stability was satisfactory. The size analysis demonstrated that there was no obvious increase in the particle size of nanoparticles after conjugation. Immunological tests indicate highly selective binding of antibody-targeted nanospheres to C-erbB-2-overexpressing cells SK-BR-3. CONCLUSION　The conjugation of mitoxantrone-loaded nanospheres and anti-C-erbB-2 monoclonal antibodies can keep the activity of anti-C-erbB-2 and increase the therapeutic efficacy of anti-mammary cancer drugs.

dialysis.

Iron uptake mechanism of Vibrio alginolyticus was primarily investigated. V.alginolyticus could survive in the medium with high-concentration iron chelator. The strain of V. alginolyticus isolated from diseased fish produced more siderophore than that from marine environment. The extract of siderophore from V. alginolyticus could stimulate the growth of Escherichia coli mutant AN93. Under iron limitation,the growth rate was decreased and several outer membrane proteins were induced. Adding iron into the iron-limited medium the normal growth could be recovered.

Objective To investigate the prevalences of the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic syndrome( MS), and analyze the relationship between the two kinds of diseases in retired old people in Wuhan. Methods Seven hundred and eighteen retired old people (≥60 years old) were surveyed. The height, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipid and liver B uhrasonography were examined. Results The prevalences of MS and NAFLD were 25.2% and 25.9% respectively, and the prevalences of hypertension, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and abdominal obesity were 89.2%, 29.6%, 40.3%, 10.3% and 38.6% respectively. The prevalence of MS was higher in women than in men (χ2=21.0, P<0.05). The risk of NAFLD was increased with the increase of MS components numbers (male: χ2=82.9;female: χ2=23.7, both P<0.01). There was a positive correlation between the prevalence of NAFLD and MS in the elderly (male: OR=2.216;female: OR =4.848,both P<0.01). Conclusions The prevalences of NAFLD and MS are high in retired old people in Wuhan, and there is significant relationship between the two kinds of diseases. Great attention should be paid to the two risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in the elderly.