AIM:To analyze curative effect of laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy (DR).METHODS:A total of 100 patients (136 eyes) with DR who were admitted to our hospital during January 2015 to December 2016 were enrolled in the study.All patients were given 532nm laser treatment.Changes of visual acuity and the incidence of complications were statistically analyzed after treatment, and the macula central fovea retinal thickness and hemodynamic changes of affected eyes were compared before and after treatment.The effects of laser treatment were compared among patients with different types of diabetes, patients in different DR stages and patients with different glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) levels.RESULTS:After treatment, the macula central fovea retinal thickness, end diastolic velocity (EDV), pulsatility index (PI) and central retinal artery (CRA), mean flow velocity (Vm) significantly decreased (P<0.05).After treatment, there were 2 cases (2 eyes) of bleeding and 2 cases (2 eyes) of tractional retinal detachment.The effective improvement rate of visual acuity was 83.1%.There were significant differences in the improvement rate of visual acuity among patients with different types of diabetes [type 1 (60.0%) vs type 2 (84.9%)], patients in different DR stages [preproliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) 92.3%, early proliferative stage (PDR) 85.1%, high-risk PDR 54.2%] and patients with different HbAlc levels (< 8% 91.8% vs ≥8% 73.0%) (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The 532nm laser treatment is effective for DR.It can significantly improve the retinal hemodynamics and visual acuity and relieve macular edema.Types of diabetes mellitus, stages of DR and blood glucose control effect may affect the effects of laser treatment.

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) late mRNA expression in megakaryoblast and in turn the pathogenesis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) patients with HCMV infection, and effectiveness of ganciclovir were investigated. Colony forming unit-megakaryocytes (CFU-MK) of 46 ITP patients with HCMV infection were incubated from patients' bone marrow mononuclear cells (MNC). Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was subsequently used for CFU-MK for HCMV-late mRNA detection. Ganciclovir therapy was given to both HCMV-late mRNA positive and negative groups for comparison of therapeutic effectiveness. The results in 19 of 46 CFU-MK culture cells specimens with positive HCMV-DNA by PCR or positive CMV-IgM by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the correspondent serum of peripheral blood were positive for HCMV-late mRNA. Sixteen out of 19, patients with positive HCMV-late mRNA CFU-MK had a positive response to ganciclovir. Amongst 27 patients with negative HCMV-late mRNA CFU-MK, only 4 positive responders to ganciclovir therapy were observed. Curative effectiveness of ganciclovir in HCMV-late mRNA positive group was significantly higher than that in HCMV-late mRNA negative group (P<0.01). It was suggested that HCMV could directly infect CFU-MK, which might be one of the mechanisms responsible for HCMV related ITP. The ganciclovir is an effective therapy in resulting in the increases in thrombocyte in the ITP patients whose HCMV- late mRNA was positive in their CFU-MK.

Air Pollutants ; analysis ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Urea ; analysis ; Workplace

Objective To retrospectively evaluate the mammographic features of breast ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)and DCIS with small invasive foci,and to analyze the correlation between the mammographic findings and the prognostic biologic factors.Methods The mammographic examination was performed in 95 consecutive women with breast DCIS(n = 50)and DCIS with invasive foci(n = 45 ).The prognostic biologic factors including progesterone receptor(PR),C-erbB-2,and p53 were evaluated in 62 of 95 cases.Categorical data were expressed as percentages and analyzed by using the X~2 test,and furthermore the odds ratio was measured.Results(1)Only one abnormality was seen on mammography in 62 patients. Combined two abnormalities on mammography were seen in 26 patients.Mammograms were normal in 7 patients.(2)Calcifications with or without other abnormality were noted in 62 cases.Of them,73% (n =45)had higher probability of malignancy calcifications and the others were intermediate concern calcifications.Clustered calcifications(36 lesions)was the most common distribution,which usually accompanied by another abnormality.And then were segmental(18 lesions)distributed pattern.As far as the shape of mass (n = 22)was concerned,the oval shaped lesion(13 cases)was the most common,and the margin of the mass appeared as ill-defined in 15 eases,microlobulated in 1,circumscribed in 4,and obscured in 2,respectively.Isodensity mass had a higher frequency in this group(12/22,55%).Other non-calcification findings included architecture distortion(7 cases),local asymmetry (15 cases),global asymmetry (5 cases),and solitary dilated duct (3 cases),and most of them accompanied with other signs. (3)For expression profile of the biological factors,significant differences were found among malignant calcification group,intermediate concern calcification group,and non-calcification group. The odds of PR positive for the lesions noted as non-calcification were 11.00 times higher (X~2 =8.571 ,P=0.003 ;95% CI, 1.998—60.572)than the lesions noted as intermediate concern calcifications,and 8.80 times higher (X~2 = 9.748,P=0.002 ;95% CI,2.024—38.253)than the lesions noted as malignant calcifications.The odds of C-erbB-2 positive for the lesions showed as malignant calcifications were 12.35 times higher (X~2=7.353, P=0.007 ;95% CI,1.447—105.443)than the lesions showed as non-calcification,and 5.74 times higher (X~2=4.977,P = 0.026;95% CI,1.110—29.645)than the lesions showed as intermediate concern calcifications.Conclusion The mammographic features of DCIS and DCIS with small invasive foci were characteristic.Mammographic findings could be a prognostic markers,which could provide a possibility for making a treatment plan.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of paraquat (PQ) on reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neutrophil apoptosis and its possible signal transduction pathways.

METHODSCultured neutrophils were treated with different concentrations of PQ for 6-24 h. The apoptosis rate of neutrophils and ROS content were determined by flow cytometry. The exoressions of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and Caspase 3 were detected by Western blot. These parameters were checked again after NF-κB and Caspase 3 antagonist were applied.

RESULTSPQ could boost ROS generation and depress neutrophil apoptosis significantly. At the same time PQ could enhance the expression of NF-κB and inhibit the expression of Caspase 3. These effects could be reversed by ROS inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI) and NF-κB inhibitor pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC).

CONCLUSIONPQ is a potent inducer of ROS and can inhibit neutrophil apoptosis by activating NF-κB and surpressing Caspase 3 activity.

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Caspase 3 ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; NF-kappa B ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Neutrophils ; cytology ; drug effects ; Paraquat ; toxicity ; Pyrrolidines ; pharmacology ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Thiocarbamates ; pharmacology

Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; CD56 Antigen ; metabolism ; Cyclophosphamide ; therapeutic use ; Doxorubicin ; therapeutic use ; Fever of Unknown Origin ; etiology ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Prednisone ; therapeutic use ; Splenectomy ; Splenic Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; therapy ; Vincristine ; therapeutic use ; Young Adult

Objective:To observe the protective effect of acupuncture plus mild hypothermia on brain tissues in rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI), and the influence on protein expression levels of phosphorylated Raf-1, MEK-2 and ERK1/2 in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular regulated protein kinases (ERK) pathway, and to explore the mechanism of acupuncture plus mild hypothermia therapy for the ischemic stroke. Methods:Ninety Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into a blank control group, a sham operation group, a model group, an acupuncture group, a mild hypothermia group and an acupuncture plus mild hypothermia group, 15 rats in each group. Except the rats in the blank control group, the remaining rats were used to prepare the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) models according to the modified occlusion method using lines, while only the occlusion lines were inserted without blocking the brain arteries of rats in the sham operation group. When the vital signs of rats were stable, rats in the blank control group did not receive any intervention; rats in the sham operation group and the model group received fastening without treatment; rats in the acupuncture group, the mild hypothermia group, and the acupuncture plus mild hypothermia group were treated with the corresponding therapeutic methods. 72 h later, observed neurologic injury score, evaluated infarction area ratio by 2,3,5-tripheyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, determined apoptosis by TUNEL assay, and measured the phosphorylated Raf-1, MEK-2 and ERK1/2 protein expression levels in rat ischemic hippocampal tissues by Western blot assay. Results: Compared with the blank control group and the sham operation group, after modeling, the neurologic injury score, infarction area ratio and apoptotic cells were increased, and phosphorylated Raf-1, MEK-2 and ERK1/2 protein expression levels were significantly increased in the model group; the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05 orP<0.01). Compared with the model group, after acupuncture or mild hypothermia therapy, neurologic injury score and infarction area ratio were decreased; apoptotic cells and phosphorylated Raf-1, MEK-2 and ERK1/2 protein expression levels were significantly decreased; the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05 orP<0.01). Compared with the acupuncture group, neurologic injury score and phosphorylated Raf-1, MEK-2 and ERK1/2 protein expression levels were decreased in the acupuncture plus mild hypothermia group; differences between the groups were statistically significant (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the mild hypothermia group, phosphorylated Raf-1, MEK-2 and ERK1/2 protein expression levels decreased in the acupuncture plus mild hypothermia group, and differences were statistically significant (P<0.01). Conclusion:Acupuncture or mild hypothermia therapy can improve neurologic injury, reduce infarction area and apoptosis, which brought about protective effect on the brain tissues, in the MCAO model. The protective effect of acupuncture plus mild hypothermia group is the strongest. The mechanism may involve the MAPK/ERK pathway, by reducing the phosphorylated Raf-1, MEK-2 and ERK1/2 protein expression levels.

Objective To study the distribution patterns of bacterial flora in sigmoid colon tissues and stools in normal population.Method Bacterial flora were identified and analyzed by using 16sDNA sequencing technology in fresh stool samples (n =13) and colon mucosa samples (n =10).Results The diversity and abundance of bacterial flora were significantly larger in the stool samples than in the sigmoid colon samples (P ＜ 0.001,P ＜ 0.001,P =0.042,P =0.006).The consititution of phylum flora between the two groups were same,including flrmicutes,bacteroides,proteobacteria,and actinomycetes.However,the proportions of firmicutes and bacteroides in stool samples were significantly higher than in the sigmoid colon samples,whereas the proportion of proteobacteria was significantly lower (P ＜ 0.001,P =0.025,P ＜ 0.001).At the genus level,faecalibacterium and bacteroides were the dominant flora in feces,whereas pseudomonas,lactococcus,acinetobacter,and flavobacterium were the most common flora in sigmoid colon mucosa.The amounts of bifidobacterium and lactobacillus were low in both two groups.Conclusion The distribution of bacterial flora remarkably differ in stools and sigmoid colon mucosa.

Objective The relationship between hypertension ( HTN) and ischemic stroke recurrence is unclear , but there may be different effects of HTN on the risk of recurrence .This study aims to explore whether HTN contributes differently to the recur-rence among subtypes of ischemic stroke ( IS) . Methods We eventually enrolled 1114 patients with ischemic stroke from Jul 2008 to Dec 2012 registered in Nanjing Stroke Registry Program (NSRP) in this study.All the patients were classified according to Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) criteria: 315 (28.3%) patiwnts were classified as Large-artery atheroselerosis (LAA), 212 (19.0%) as cardioembolism (CE), 266 (23.9%) as small-artery occlusion (SAO), and 321 (28.8%) as other de-termined and undetermined etiologies ( Other) .The association between HTN and stroke recurrence in patients with different IS sub-types was analyzed using multivariate Cox regression analysis . Results The average follow-up duration was (19.4 ±10.3) months. Of 1114 patients with IS, 158 (14.2%) patients experienced a recurrent stroke .Patients with HTN had a significantly higher stroke recurrence rate than those without (16.5%vs 10.5%, P<0.05).Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that HTN increased the risk of ischemic stroke recurrence (HR=1.722, 95%CI:1.181-2.512, P=0.005).After stratification by TOAST subtypes, analysis revealed an association between HTN and stroke recurrence in LAA( HR=3 .767, 95%CI:1.866-7.585, P=0.001) and SAO (HR=3.530, 95%CI:1.156-12.740, P=0.028), but not in the other subtypes (CE: HR=0.773, 95%CI:0.370-1.615, P=0.493;Other:HR=1.498, 95%CI:0.590-3.807, P=0.395). Conclusion HTN is an independent risk factor for recurrent ischemic stroke and is related to the recurrent ischemic stroke in patients with large-artery and small-vessel disease .

This study was aimed to establish a HPLC fingerprint of saponins in Sanjie-zhentong Capsule in order to make a quantitative analysis of the quality of Sanjie-zhentong Capsule. The Waters Symmetry ShieldTM RP18 (4.6 mmí 250 mm, 5 μm) column was used with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-water gradient elution. The flow rate was 1.2 mL/min. The column temperature was 30℃. The detection wavelength was 203 nm. The results showed that the fingerprint chromatography included 9 mutual peaks. The similarity among batches was more than 0.95. Compared with reference substance, five characteristic components were recognized. The five components are notoginsenoside R1, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb1 and ginsenoside Rd. It was concluded that this method was rapid, simple and accurate and can be used as one of the effective methods for the quality control of Sanjie-zhen-tong Capsule.