Alliinase is immobilized on pre-activated chitosan microspheres by glutaraldehyde.The optimum immobilization conditions are as follows: glutaraldehyde concentration is 4%,alliinase concentration 20.2U,immobilization time 2h.For immobilized alliinase,the highest activity was allowed at pH 7.0 and temperature 35℃,and the Michaelis constant(Km)was disclosed to be 7.9mmol/L by Lineweaver-Burk plot,and after 10 times reuses the immobilized alliinase lost no more than 10% activity.

Objective To study the impact of F000 on cited papers in medical journals. Methods Papers in the 4 years after they were published from 2006 to 2008 that were recommended by F1000 served as No. 1 control group, papers in the 4 years after they were published from 2006 to 2008 that were not recommended by F1000 served as No. 2 control group, Web of Science-covered papers in the 1-6 years after they were published from 2006 to 2008 served as group 3. The cited papers in group 3 were calculated. The total cited papers in the first 3 years and the second 3 years after they were published were analyzed with SPSS 11. 0 and identified by paired t test. Results The number of cited papers reached its peak in the 4th year after they were published. The number of cited papers reached its peak in the third year after they were published in No. 1 and No. 2 control groups. Paired t test showed no significant difference in the number of cited papers in group 3 from that in No. 1 and No. 2 control groups. How-ever, the number of cited papers and that of total cited paers in group 3 were significantly different from those in No. 1 and No. 2 control groups. Conclusion F1000 can significantly influence the citation behaviors in medical journals.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of domestic BuMA biodegradable drug eluting coronary stent in elderly coronary heart disease patients over 75 years old with shortened duration of clopidogrel treatment. Methods 100 elderly patients who received coronary angiography and PCI were included, and they were randomly divided into the observation group ( n=50, received oral clopidogrel for 9 months) and the control group (n=50, received oral clopidogrel for 12 months). The occurance of angina pectoris, AMI, bleeding events and the results of control angiography were compared between the two groups after 12 months of follow-up. Results All the 100 patients were followed up in 12 months after discharge. 4 patients ( 8. 0%) in the observation group and 3 patients ( 6. 0%) in the control group had recurrent angina. Control coronary angiography 12 months later showed no restenosis in the stents. There was no significant difference between the two groups in the recurrence of angina pectoris and coronary stent restenonsis. No acute myocardial infarction,cliniacl bleeding events and late stent thrombosis occurred in the two groups. Conclusions The application of the domestic BuMA biodegradable drug eluting stent for the treatment of coronary heart disease patients over 75 years old is safe and effective with shortened duration of clopidogel treatment.

BACKGROUND:Individuals with different vertical facial types have different chin morphologies. For the individuals with different vertical facial types, what is the most beautiful chin morphology?
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of vertical facial types and chin morphology on facial profile attractiveness.
METHODS:Three beautiful females were selected, including one with high mandibular angle, one with average angle and one with low angle. Their facial profile photographs were taken. A series of new pictures were generated by the smal scale (2 mm per unit) modification of soft tissue chin in the sagittal direction and vertical direction. Raters consisting of 17 orthodontists and 35 laypersons were selected for aesthetic ratings, in order to evaluate the facial profile attractiveness of the individuals with different vertical facial types.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:There was no esthetic difference of vertical change in female with high angle;while slightly protrude chin was perceived to be more beautiful than retruded chin. For the female with average angle, lower chin was more attractive than higher chin;slightly protruded chin was beautiful than excessive protruded chin and retruded chin. For the individual with low angle, higher chin was preferred by raters;slightly protruded chin was more beautiful than excessive protruded chin and retruded chin.The results indicate that the effects of vertical facial types and chin morphology to facial profile attractiveness are different. In clinical orthodontic, vertical facial types should be taking into consideration to change the chin morphology of the patents, in order to obtain better profile attractiveness.

Objective To explore the effectiveness of the home-community-hospital network management (HCHNM) on the prevention and treatment of stroke.Methods From June to December 2011,HCHNM was implenented in Qingdao of Shandong Province to prevent and treat stroke patients.According to community residents healthcare records,A total of 80 stroke patients were randomly selected from Badahu and Fushanhou communities (study group) and another 80 patients from Zhongshan Road and Liaoning Road communities (control group).A household questionnaire survey was then conducted among these participants.Chi-square test and t test were used for data analysis.Results The overall effective rate of the study group was 86.25％ (69/80),which was significantly higher than that of the control group (67.5％) (x2=221.807,P＜0.05).The study group also showed largely improved quality of life (total score:t=4.593;physical fitness,family activities,movement,mood,self-care ability,social activities,upper limb function and work ability scores:t values were 7.775,2.244,5.329,3.832,5.463,2.979,5.924 and 3.555,respectively; all P＜0.05),although language,character,thinking and vision abilities had no statistically significant difference from the control group (t values were 0.561,1.466,0.831 and 1.000,respectively; all P＞0.05).The scores of daily activities and life satisfaction of the study group were higher than those of the control group,while per capita medical cost was much lower (t values were 12.998,20.760 and-29.777,respectively; all P＜0.05).Conclusions As an effective,safe and economy therapy model,HCHNM could improve rehabilitation,self-care ability,quality of life,and life satisfaction of community stroke patients.In addition,it greatly mitigates medical burden.

Acute Disease ; Humans ; Industry ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Poisoning ; prevention & control ; Social Control, Formal

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Child, Preschool ; Diarrhea, Infantile ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male

Background Excimer laser corneal refractive surgery is one of the major methods to correct refractive error.Centration of the ablation zone is an important factor that affects visual quality after surgery.The pupil center and its shift is a major factor to determine the ablation center.Therefore further study on pupil centroid shift with illumination level alteration is needed.Objective This study aimed to study the characteristics of the pupillary centroid shift along with the change of pupil size under the different illumination conditions and the possible clinical application of the curve of pupillary centroid shift in exeimer laser corneal refractive surgery.MethodsThe variation of pupil size induced by illumination and the changes of pupil center were measured on 114 moderate myopia eyes of 57 subjects with Astra MaxTM Corneal Topographer.Illumination of placido target and image snap model of the topographer was customized to provide 5 illumination levels as follows:0.8,4.4,18.9,82.3,355.0 Lx.Vectorial analysis was used to graph the change of pupil center related to the Coaxially Sighted Corneal Reflex (CSCR).Raw data is converted to relative value to analyze the pupiilary centroid shift.The mean relative change of the pupil size(△P)and the mean of relative pupillary centroid shift(△C)in the form of percentage were used to attenuate the variation among subjects.The original value of illumination(darkest)is defined as 0％ and maximum value(lightest)was as 100％.Results With the increase of illumination,the shift of the pupil center towards nasal side when pupil constrict was found.The mean change of pupil size under the 5 illumination levels were 0,(1.28 +0.40)mm,(2.34 ±0.53)mm,(3.34+0.54)mm,(4.03 ±0.56)mm respectively,and the △P values was 0％,32％,58％,83％,100％ respectively.The mean of pupil centroid shift under the 5 illumination levels were 0,(78±33)μm,(116±60)μm,(143 ±66)μm,(170±71)μm respectively,and the △C was 0％,46％,68％,84％,100％respectively.There was a linear relation between the relative pupil centroid shift and the relative change of pupil size (r=0.980,P=0.025).The amount of pupil centroid shift has a positive correlation with amplitude of the change of pupil size(r=0.480,P＜0.01).Conclusion Pupil center shifts with the change of pupil size.The linear relation between relative pupil centroid shift and the relative change of pupil size can be applied in eximer laser corneal refractive surgery to improve the visual quality with customized ablation center location.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the efficacy and safety of olanzapine combined with ziprasidone in the treatment of refrac-tory schizophrenia in elderly patients. METHODS:120 elderly patients with schizophrenia were randomly divided into control group and study group. Control group was orally treated with Olanzapine tablet 10-20 mg,once a day;study group was orally treat-ed with Ziprasidone hydrochloride capsule 80-120 mg,twice a day+Olanzapine tablet(the usage was the same as control group). The clinical efficacy in 2 groups was evaluated after 2 weeks,PANSS score,FPG,2 h PG,TC,TG,HDL-C,LDL-C,body weight, BMI before and after treatment and incidence of adverse reactions were observed. RESULTS:There were no significant difference in the total efficacy and incidence of adverse reactions between 2 groups(P>0.05). After treatment,the PANSS scores at different time point in 2 groups were significantly lower than before,and 12 weeks<8 weeks<4 weeks<2 weeks,the differences were sta-tistically significant(P<0.05),however,there was no significant difference between 2 groups(P>0.05). There were not signifi-cant differences in the indexes of blood glucose and lipid,body mass and BMI in study group before and after treatment (P>0.05);after treatment,the blood glucose after 8 and 12 weeks and LDL-C,TG,TC,body mass and BMI after 4,8 and 12 weeks in control group were significantly higher than before and study group same time,the HDL-C was significantly lower than before and research group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The efficacy and safety of both olan-zapine combined with ziprasidone and olanzapine alone in the treatment of refractory schizophrenia in elderly patients is similar, however,it is better than olanzapine alone in terms of controlling blood glucose and lipid.

To investigate the effects of particle size, mPEG molecular weight, coating density and zeta potential of monomethoxyl poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (mPEG-PLGA) nanoparticles on their transportation across the rat nasal mucosa, mPEG-PLGA-NPs with different mPEG molecular weights (M(r) 1 000, 2 000) and coating density (0, 5%, 10%, 15%) and chitosan coated PLGA-NP, which loaded coumarin-6 as fluorescent marker, were prepared with the nanoprecipitation method and emulsion-solvent evaporation method, and determine their particle size, zeta potential, the efficiency of fluorescent labeling, in vitro leakage rate and the stability with the lysozyme were determined. The effects of physical and chemical properties on the transmucosal transport of the fluorescent nanoparticles were investigated by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). The result showed that the size of nanoparticles prepared with nanoprecipitation method varied between 120 and 200 nm; the size of nanoparticles prepared with emulsion-solvent evaporation method varied between 420 and 450 nm. Nanoparticles dispersed uniformly; the zeta potential of PLGA-NPs was negative; mPEG-PLGA-NPs was close to neutral; chitosan coated PLGA-NPs was positive; and the efficiency of fluorescent labeling were higher than 80%. In vitro leak was less than 5% within 4 h and nanoparticles were basically stable with lysozyme. The CLSM results show that the transportation efficiency of mPEG-PLGA-NPs with a high PEG coating density and high mPEG molecular weight was significantly higher than that of uncoated PLGA nanoparticles and also that of chitosan coated PLGA-NPs (P < 0.05). The hydrophilcity, zeta potential and particle size of nanoparticles play important roles on the efficiency of mPEG-PLGA nanoparticles to transport across the rat nasal mucosa.