The development of laboratory animal science plays a supporting role in the biomedical field, pharmacy and other fields.It is an important symbol to measure the level of science and technology in each countries in the world. The quality of employees directly affects the speed and quality of the development of laboratory animal industry.The purpose of this standard is to regulate the requirements of animal practitioners, to strengthen the training and qualification certification, and to promote the quality of employees.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of hospital infection and the pathogen type,distribution and drug resistance,in the intensive care unit of our hospital,to direct proper antibiotics use and supply the scientific basis for hospital infection control. Methods The clinical data of 392 inpatients in our intensive care unit from April 2008 to March 2010 were monitored prospectively and analyzed retrospectively. Results Of the 392 impatients,78 cases had hospital infection (19.89% 78/392),112 time-case infection (28.57% 112/392). The most common infection was the main respiratory tract infections accounted for 54.46% (61/112) ,followed by urinary tract infections accounted for 15. 19% ( 17/112 ), blood infection accounted for 11.61% (13/112). 152strains pathogens were identified in the study,in which G- bacilli accounted for 69.7%, G+ bacteria accounted for 17. 8% and fungi accounted for 12.5%. Main pathogens such as acinetobacter baumannii ,pseudomonas aeruginosa,klebsiella pneumoniae, staphylococcus aureus showed multiple drug resistance in different degrees. Conclusions Intensive care unit has a high nosocomial infection rate,lower respiratory tract infection is the most frequent type and the main pathogens have different degrees of multi-drug resistance. Standardized, rational use of antibiotics,prevention of the multi-drug resistant bacteria spread may help to reduce the occurrence of hospital infection in intensive care unit.

Objective To investigate the effects of 810 nm semi-conductor laser irradiation on the proliferation of olfactory ensheathing cells in vitro. Methods Olfactory ensheathing cells obtained from adult rat olfactory mucosa using the method based on different rates of attachment were irradiated with a semi-conductor laser ( wave length 810 nm; power density 10.3 mW/cm2) for 30, 60 or 120 seconds. Laser irradiation was performed 3 times with a 24 h interval. After the last irradiation, the cells were cultured. At the 3rd, 5th and 8th day of cell culture,cell proliferation was assessed with cell counts and a methylthiazoletetrazolium ( MTT) colorometric method. Results After 3 days of cell culture, the number of cells and average MTT values showed no statistically significant difference between the irradiated and control groups. At the Sth and 8th day, the differences among all the laser exposure groups and with the control group were significant, except for the average MTT values of the control group and the 30 s exposure group. Maximal effect was achieved with a 60 s exposure. Conclusions Low power laser irradiation can stimulate the proliferation of olfactory ensheathing cells in vitro, and the effect is time-dose dependent. The optimal irradiation time was found to be 60 s daily for 3 times, with a 24 h interval.

Objective To determine the effects of ?-lipoic acid on bone metabolism in lead-poisoned rats.Methods Totally 31 SD rats were randomly divided into two groups,8 rats in blank control group and 23 in lead group that received gastric lavage with lead acetate(230 mg/L).After 40 days,3 rats from each group were taken for the measurement of lead in the blood and bone.The rats in lead group were then randomly divided into four groups: lead control group and three lead groups with different concentrations of ?-lipoic acid [30,60 and 100 mg/(kg?d)],with 5 rats in each.At the end of the experiment(80 d),the rats were killed and the samples of whole blood,serum and bone were collected to detect osteocalcin content with radioimmunoassay and alkaline phosphatase expression with immunohistochemistry staining.Results ① Blood and bone lead contents in each ?-lipoic treatment group were significantly lower than those in lead control group(P

Objective To observe the preliminary clinical results and safety of 27-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery for partial vitreoretinal diseases.Methods A total of 13 patients (13 eyes) who underwent 27-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery were enrolled.The follow-up period was 6 to 12 months.Preoperative and postoperative visual acuity and intraocular,total operative time,cutting time for removing vitreous,wound healing status,intraoperative and postoperative complications were observed.Results Mean best corrected visual acuity improved from preoperative (1.26±0.66) logMAR (0.10±0.09) to postoperative (0.63±0.52) logMAR (0.35±0.24),and the difference was statistically significant (t=2.743,P=0.018).The difference of mean preoperative intraocular pressure (IOP),IOP of postoperative day 1,day 5,one month and final postoperative visit were not statistically significant (F=0.593,P＞0.05).The mean total operative and cutting times were (36.38±14.97) min and (10.12±3.54) min respectively.Postoperative scleral incision showed linear closure,no cases of postoperative sclerotomyrelated complications such as wound dehiscence,vitreous incarceration and subcoujunctival fluid were observed.No intraoperative and postoperative complications of iatrogenic retinal breaks,endophthalmitis,choroidal detachment,retinal detachment and vitrous hemorrhage were observed.Conclusions The 27-gauge microincision vitrectomy surgery can improve postoperative visual acuity for treatment of vitreoretinal diseases and induce fewer sclerotomyrelated complications,which maybe a safer surgical approach.

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and fibrinogen with carotid artery arteriosclerosis of patients with cerebral infarction. Methods One hundred and thirteen patients with cerebral infarction were assigned as study group, and 102 healthy persons as control group. The levels of serum hsCRP and Fib in the two groups were measured. The carotid artery arteriosclerosis and carotid intimal-medial thickness (IMT) were examined by color Doppler and B-ultrasound. Results The value of IMT between study group and control group was statistically significant. The positive rates of carotid artery arteriosclerosis plaque and vulnerable plaque in study group were significantly higher than those in control group (all<0.05) . The level of serum hsCRP was significantly higher in study group than that of control ( <0.05) . The level of serum Fib between study group and control group was not statistically significant ( >0.05) . Conclusion The level of hsCRP was closely related to the degree of carotid artery arteriosclerosis and the occurrence and development of cerebral infarction. But the level of Fib was not closely related to the degree of carotid artery arteriosclerosis.

Polydatin is a monocrystaline compound isolated from Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. et Zucc. (Polygonaceae) with biological properties, such as anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative and nephroprotective effects. Increasing number of studies have demonstrated the protective effect of polydatin on renal ischemia reperfusion injury. However, the possible mechanisms of this protection are not fully elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the effect of polydatin on ischemia-reperfusion induced expression of toll-like receptor4 (TLR4) in rat renal tubular epithelia cells (NRK-52E), and analyze the mechanism of polydatin on TLR4 signal pathway. The cultured NRK-52E cells were incubated in three gas incubators for a period of 6 h at hypoxia and 24h at reoxygenation to simulate the ischemia-reperfusion injury in vitro. TLR4 mRNA level was analyzed by real-time-PCR, and the protein expression of TLR4 and NF-κB by Western blotting, while TNF-α and IL-1β proteins expressions were detected by ELISA. Polydatin downregulated I/R induced mRNA and protein expressions of TLR4, and decreased the protein expression of NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β. The TLR4 blocker partially antagonized the effect of I/R on NF-κB signaling, and such inhibitory effect was markedly enhanced by polydatin. In the present study, polydatin protects NRK-52E cells from I/R injury possibly by relieving the inflammatory response through regulation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Glucosides ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Rats ; Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Stilbenes ; pharmacology ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To study the transduction efficiency of expressing human neprilysin by using a lentiviral vector (Lenti-NEP) in mouse embryonic neural stem cells (NSC) in vitro.Methods Primary NSC were harvested from C57BL/6J pregnant mouse at embryonic day 11.5 and transducted with LentiNEP.Immunofluorescent stainingand Western blot were performed to detect NEP protein expression in NSC.Degradation of amyloid beta 1-40 (Aβ1-40) by NEP protein transduced with Lenti-NEP in NSC was analyzed using ELISA and HPLC.Results Over 90％ NSC were successfully transduced with Lenti-NEP via observation of fused protein green fluorescent protein under the microscopy.Expressions of NEP transduced with Lenti-NEP in NSC and of the markers of NSC (nestin) and neuron (MAP2).The enzyme activity of 2.5 μg (21.00 ± 2.51) and 1.0 μg (15.00 ± 0.54) NEP on degrading Aβ1-40 was shown to improve significantly compared to 0.5 μg NEP(8.00 ±0.81,t =40.4 and 12.7,respectively,both P ＜0.01).The activity of NEP was inhibited in the presence of 50 μmol/L phosphoramidon (0.5 pg:0.08 ±0.01 ;1.0 μg:0.04 ±0.01 ;2.5 μg:0.05 ±0.01,t =17.2,51.3 and 14.1,respectively,all P ＜0.01).The hydrolytic cleavage on degrading Aβ1-40 by NEP was 11.4％,28.4％ and 93.7％ with incubation for 1 h,4 h and 12 h,respectively.Conclusions Lentiviral vector successfully delivers NEP gene to NSC in vitro.Targeting on NEP and NSC may provide potential therapeutic tool for Alzheimer' s disease.

Objeetive:To observe the effect of acupuncture-moxibustion on TNF-a,sTNFR-Ⅰand sTNFR-Ⅱ in rats with Crohn's disease(CD).Method:The models of CD rats induced by TNBS were randomized into model group.herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion group and electroacupuncture group as well as a normal control group.The histopathological changes of colon mucus membrane were observed with HE staining and the contents Of TNF-a.sTNFR-Ⅰand sTNFR-Ⅱ were detected with ELISA method.Results:When compared with the normal group,the TNF-a level in CD rats was substantially elevated and the sTNFR-Ⅰ and sTNFR-Ⅱ showed no marked changes.After herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion and electroacupuncture treatment,the TNF-a level in CD rats was substantially reduced and sTNFRL-Ⅰ and sTNFR-Ⅱ showed no marked changes.The inflammatory lesions and abnormal structures of CD rats were significantly improved after herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion and electric stimulation.Conclusion:Herbal cake-partitioned moxibustion and electroacupuncture Can both remarkably reduce the TNF-a level in blood serum.and this might be one ofthe action mechanisms in the treatment of CD.

Objective To study the survival,migration and differentiation of the neural stem cells which transplanted into ventral horn of spinal cord after brachial plexus avulsion.Methods Neural stem ceils isolated from spinal cord of neogenetic rats and cultured,expanded,labeled by BrdU before transplanted. Twenty adult healthy SD rats preformed as the model of brochial plexus avulsion(Roots C_(5～7)),then transplan- rod stem ceils into the C_6 ventral horn of spinal cord.On 1,2,4,8,12 weeks postoperatively,immunohisto- chemistry assay were carried out in the spinal cord.Results Transplanted into ventral horn of spinal cord after brachial plexus avulsion.Neural stem cells can survive,migrate for at least one segment of spinal cord and differentiate to neurons and astrocytes.The differentiation of stem cells were time-depends.Conclusion Neural stem cells can survive,migrate and differentiate after transplanted into ventral horn of spinal cord in the rats which suffered from brachial plexus avulsion.