we have designed a program-controlled high-fi amplifier for EMG.Its gain can be controlled by computer.The program-contralled circuit is implemented with numerical control resistor.The amplifier can be used in automatically measuring EMG signals over 100?v.The circuit is characterized by easy de- sign,simple programing and convenient control.

Aclarubicin ; therapeutic use ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Cytarabine ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Glutethimide ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To probe into the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) by studying expression of TLR4 acetylation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of gravida with GDM as well as its role in TLR4 inflammatory pathway. Methods 30 normal gravidas and 30 gravidas with GDM were enrolled in the study, 15 mL peripheral blood from every participant was collected for extraction of mononuclear cells via density gradient centrifugation and culturing in vitro by LPS. The expression of TLR4 acetylation in the mononuclear cells was detected using immunoprecipitation and western blot and the levels of inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-10 in the supernatant were detected by ELISA. Results TLR4 acetylation appeared positive in GDM group, and negative in the control group. After the LPS intervention, the degree of TLR4 acetylation was enhanced significantly and the latter was significantly higher than those of the GDM group and the normal + Lps group (P < 0.05). The differences in the levels of inflammatory cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1, IL-10, were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion TLR4 acetylation exists in mononuclear cells of gravida with GDM, and mediates the release of inflammatory cytokines by influencing the activation of TLR4 inflammatory pathobenesis, which contributes to the promoted antiinflammatory - proinflammatory imbalance in gravidas. In this way, it is involved in the growth of GDM.

The unicellular green alga Haematococcus pluvialis accumulates a highly valuable ketocarotenoid, i.e. astaxanthin up to 4%dry weight under stress conditions. Phytoene synthase is considered to be the first rate limiting enzyme in carotenoid biosynthesis pathway in H. pluvialis. The cDNA and genomic genes of phytoene synthase, i.e. psy from H.pluvialis were cloned and characterized.Result showed that psy had one open reading frame of 1 200 bp encoding a putative polypeptide of 400 amino acids which was interrupted by four introns. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that psy from green algae formed a monophyletic clade, and its closer relationship was higher plants. By using genomic walking approach, an approximate 1 kb 5′ flanking region ofpsy gene was cloned and a number of putative cis-regulatory elements were revealed. Fusing a 297 bp internal sequence (-297 to -1 bp from the translation initiation codon ofpsy) with the reporter gene, i.e. lacZ before attemptedintroducing the construct into the green alga via particle bombardment resulted in lacZ transient expression.

Purpose The main purposes of our research were to: 1. set up the method of the RGDHirudin microsphere preparation; 2. set up the method to test the activity and the content of the medicine contained in the microsphere; 3. analyse the key factors on the quality of the microsphere preparation. Methods Co-poly lactic acid glycolic acid (PLGA) microsphere was prepared by a modified solvent evaporation method by a double emulsion with the use of polyvinylalcohol (PVA) as emulsification; PLGA was used as biodegradable material and dichloromethane as organic solvent. The influence of formulation factors including the W1/O on microsphere diameter distribution and yield coefficient;PVA concentration on microsphere appearance, encapsulation and yield coefficient; ultrasound on spherulization average and medicine activity; stirring speed on spherulization average and microsphere appearance; PLGA on microsphere appearance and microsphere dispersity; concentration of NaCl on encapsulation efficiency, yield coefficient and medicine content etc were studied. Results The size of all the fabricated microsphere was measured according to the several factors that affect the particle size. The average diameter was 81.38 μm, which is good for further research. The medicine content and the percent yield of all the microsphere was high, which ranged from 83. 92% - 96. 3% and 79.93% - 95.05% respectively. The encapsulation efficiency was about 23.95% - 65. 13%. We found that the concentration of the NaCl and PVA were the very important factors to the encapsulation efficiency. Physiological activity of RGD-Hirudin containing in the microsphere and the release rate of the microsphere were controlled. Furthermore, the release rate was stable. Conclusions The physiologic activity of RGD-Hirudin released from the microspheres was stable. PLGA-RGD-Hirudin microspheres were controlled released by the in vitro studies. Therefore, the in vivo experiment was well grounded.

Objective: To study the role of activating transcription factor 2 (ATF-2) in the growth of mandibular condyle cartilage. Methods: Primary chondrocytes of condyle were cultured. Expression plasmid of ATF-2 and plasmid bcl-2 promoter were transfected into chondrocytes. Luciferase assay and Western blot were used. Results: The absence of ATF-2 in mandibular condyle chondrocytes resulted in a decline in bcl-2 promoter activity, reduction in bcl-2 protein level. Conclusion: The results strongly imply that ATF-2 is required for adequate bcl-2 expression, and play a significant role in controlling growth plate chondrocyte progression.

OBJECTIVETo observe analgesic and sedative effect of acupuncture combined with medicine (ACM) on patients undergiong cardiac surgery.

METHODSA total of 50 patients with cardiac surgery from January 2012 to October 2014 were randomly assigned to the conventional analgesia group (group A) and the ACM analgesia group (group B), 25 in each group. Patients in group A were subjected to analgesia and sedation by injecting dexmedetomidine, while patients in group B were subjected to analgesia and sedation by electro-acupuncture [EA, Shenting (GV24); Yintang (EX-HN3)] combined with injection of dexmedetomidine. Morphine hydrochloride injection was performed when analgesia and sedation effect was ineffective in the two groups. The indicators of patients at different time points in the two groups were observed, such as static and dynamic VAS scores, SAS scores, mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation (SpO2). The injection dosage of dexmedetomidine and morphine hydrochloride, analgesia satisfaction rate, sedation satisfaction rate, the incidences of adverse reactions during treatment such as bradycardia and low blood pressure, mechanical ventilation time, ICU time, and hospitalization expense were observed and recorded in the two groups.

RESULTSThere was no statistical difference in static and dynamic VAS scores, SAS score, MAP, HR and SpO2 between the two groups at different time points (P > 0.05). The injection dosage of dexmedetomidine and morphine hydrochloride was significantly reduced in group B than in group A (P < 0.05). The analgesia satisfaction rate of patients in group B was much higher than that in group A (P < 0.05). The incidence of bradycardia also obviously decreased more in group B than in group A (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in patients' sedation satisfaction rate, incidences of low blood pressure, delirium, vomiting; mechanical ventilation time, ICU time, or hospitalization expense between the two groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe analgesia method of ACM could reduce the dosage of traditional analgesic drugs and the occurrence of partial adverse reactions.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Analgesia ; methods ; Analgesics ; therapeutic use ; Cardiac Surgical Procedures ; Dexmedetomidine ; therapeutic use ; Electroacupuncture ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; therapeutic use ; Morphine ; therapeutic use ; Pain ; prevention & control ; Pain Management ; methods ; Respiration, Artificial

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Bushen Huoxue Compound (BHC) on lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage, expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF mRNA in retinal Muller cells under high glucose condition or advanced glycosylation end products (AGEs) condition by using serum pharmacological method.

METHODSThe retinal Müller cells of 5-7 days post-natal Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were cultured with modified enzyme-digestion method. Purified retinal Muller cells were cultured in normal conditions, high glucose condition (50 mmol/L) or AGEs (50 mg/L and 100 mg/L) conditions, and BHC-containing serum was added to culture medium. The LDH leakage and VEGF expressions were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, the relative expression of VEGF mRNA was tested by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSCompared with the normal control group, expressions of VEGF and VEGF mRNA were significantly increased in the high glucose group, the low dose AGEs group and the high dose AGEs group (all P < 0.01). The LDH leakage was obviously increased in the high dose AGEs group, when compared with the normal control group and the high glucose group (P < 0.01). The LDH leakage, expressions of VEGF and VEGF mRNA were obviously decreased by BHC-containing serum both in high glucose and AGEs conditions (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). BHC-containing serum had no significant effect on the LDH leakage and expressions of VEGF and VEGF mRNA in normal conditions (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSAGEs intervention could obviously lower the stability of Müller cell membrane. Up-regulated expressions of VEGF and VEGF mRNA in cultured Müller cells could be induced by AGEs or high glucose. BHC-containing serum could stabilize the stability of Müller cell membrane, inhibit the transcription of VEGF mRNA and decrease the protein expression of VEGF, which might be one of important mechanisms for preventing and treating diabetic retinopathy.

Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; Diabetic Retinopathy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Ependymoglial Cells ; Glucose ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; RNA, Messenger ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A

Objective To investigate the feasibility, efficacy, safety and economy of secondary splenic pedicle trisection method in removing schistosoma cirrhosis caused the splenic function. Methods Thirty patients receiving spleen secondary structure amputation between July 2014 and September 2016 were analyzed. Results Laparoscopic splenectomy with secondary splenic pedicle transaction was successfully performed in 28 patients, whereas two Endo-GIAs were used in 2 patients. The average of operation time was (80 ± 20) min, and operative blood loss was (320 ± 10) ml. The drainage of the splenic fossa was removed (3- 4) days after operation.Postoperative hospital stay was (10.8 ± 1.2) days after operaions. No massive hemorrhage, pancreatic leakage, secondary infection, serious complications such as abscess under diaphragm and recent complication such as infection of incision occurred postoperatively. Platelet of all patients recovered in 4 days postoperatively, and patients with platelet>400 × 109/L was given oral aspirin enteric-coated metformin hydrochloride. All patients were followed up for 6 months postoperatively, and no intestinal obstruction, portal vein thrombosis and other long-term complications occurred in all patients. Conclusions The amputation of secondary structures of the spleen in laparoscopic splenectomy to remove schistosoma cirrhosis caused the splenic function is safe. It could shorten the length of hospital stay and reduce the medical cost. It is a valuable method for clinical promotion.

Objective To evaluate the clinical superiority of transumbilical mini pure single-port laparoscopic Palomo's surgery on the treatment of primary teenage varicocele.Methods All operations were successfully completed using mini pure single-port laparoscopic Palomo's surgery.Its clinical effects were evaluated by the operative time,blood loss volume,intra-or post-operative complications,and hospital stay.Six to eighteen months after surgery,follow-up was made in 78 patients.Results All the operations were successful.The operation time was 5-15 (mean 8) minutes,the intra-operative loss blood was 1-5 (mean 1.5) mL,and the post-operative hospital stay was 2-4 (mean 3) days.No intra-operative or post-operative complications happened.Sperm analysis of 95％ patients came back to normal in 6-18 months.Conclusions The transumbilical mini pure single-port laparoscopic Palomo's technique has more obvious superiority and it is worthy of clinical application and generalized widely.