OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a nomogram model for predicting 30-day mortality among elderly patients with sepsis-associated liver dysfunction (SALD), to identify high-risk patients and improve prognosis. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data extracted from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care-IV (MIMIC-IV) database for elderly patients with SALD who were first admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center between 2008 and 2019, including basic characteristics, severity scores, underlying diseases, infection foci, 24-hour vital signs, initial laboratory indicators, 24-hour complications, and prognosis related indicators. Patients were randomly assigned to training group and validation group in a ratio of 7 : 3. The training group used the LASSO regression analysis, as well as multivariate Logistic regression analysis to screen for independent risk factors for 30-day mortality. A nomogram prediction model was constructed, and receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the model, and validate the model using the validation cohort. RESULTS: A total of 630 elderly patients with SLAD were included in the study, including 441 in the training group and 189 in the validation group. Oxford acute severity of illness score (OASIS) for training group [odds ratio (OR) = 1.060, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 1.034-1.086], 24-hour pulse oxygen saturation (SpO₂; OR = 0.876, 95%CI was 0.797-0.962), initial mean corpuscular volume (MCV; OR = 1.043, 95%CI was 1.009-1.077), initial red blood cell distribution width (RDW; OR = 1.237, 95%CI was 1.123-1.362), initial blood glucose (OR = 1.008, 95%CI was 1.004-1.013), and initial aspartate aminotransferase (AST; OR = 1.000, 95%CI was 1.000-1.001) were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality in patients (all P < 0.05). Based on the above variables, a nomogram model was constructed, and the ROC curve showed that the area under the curve (AUC) of the model in the training group was 0.757 (95%CI was 0.712-0.803), with a sensitivity of 65.05% and a specificity of 74.90%; the AUC of the model in the validation group was 0.712 (95%CI was 0.631-0.792), with a sensitivity of 58.67% and a specificity of 81.58%. The calibration curves of the training and validation groups show that both the fitted curves were close to the standard curves. The Hosmer-Lemeshow test: the training group (χ ² = 6.729, P = 0.566), the validation group (χ ² = 13.889, P = 0.085), indicating that the model can fit the observed data well. The DCA curve shows that when the threshold probability of the training group was 16% to 94% and the threshold probability of the validation group was 27% to 99%, the net benefit of the model was good. CONCLUSIONS OASIS, 24-hour SpO₂, initial MCV, initial RDW, initial blood glucose and initial AST are independent risk factors for 30-day mortality in elderly patients with SALD. The nomogram based on these six variables demonstrates good predictive performance.
Humans ; Sepsis/complications* ; Retrospective Studies ; Nomograms ; Aged ; Prognosis ; Risk Factors ; Liver Diseases/mortality* ; Intensive Care Units ; ROC Curve ; Male ; Female ; Logistic Models

Objective:To investigate the feasibility and safety of intracardiac echocardiography(ICE)combined with total three-dimensional(T3D)technique in zero-fluoroscopy individualized transseptal puncture.Methods:A total of 112 patients with atrial fibrillation who underwent radiofrequency ablation in Yongchuan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University from April 2021 to March 2024 were enrolled,and according to the method for transseptal puncture,they were randomly divided into ICE+T3D group with 56 patients and ICE group with 56 patients.The two groups were analyzed in terms of baseline data,time to atrial reconstruc-tion,time to coronary sinus electrode placement,frequency of ICE probe adjustment during transseptal puncture,duration of transsep-tal puncture,pretreatment time before ablation,incidence rate of complications,and the duration and dosage of X-ray exposure.Results:There were no significant differences in baseline data between the two groups.Compared with the ICE group,the ICE+T3D group had a significantly lower frequency of ICE probe adjustment during transseptal puncture(1.70±0.63 vs.5.34±1.71,P<0.001)and the duration of transseptal puncture(3.66±1.09 min vs.4.90±1.92 min,P<0.001).Compared with the ICE group,the ICE+T3D group had significantly longer time to atrial reconstruction(22.44±3.13 min vs.12.34±2.12 min,P<0.001)and pretreatment time be-fore ablation(49.41±3.52 min vs.37.65±4.04 min,P<0.001).In the ICE+T3D group,43(76.8%)patients achieved zero radiation during pretreatment before ablation,and 13 patients received X-ray due to the difficulty in catheter placement;compared with the ICE group,the ICE+T3D group had a significantly shorter duration of X-ray exposure(1.68±0.72 min vs.3.14±1.95 min,P=0.010)and a significantly lower dosage of X-ray exposure(6.28±2.78 mGy vs.23.85±21.32 mGy,P=0.004).During the stage of transseptal punc-ture,all patients in the ICE+T3D group achieved zero radiation,while 45 patients(80.4%)in the ICE patients received X-ray.In terms of complications,there were no life-threatening complications such as cardiac tamponade,perforation of the aorta by mistake,and embolization in either group,while there was one case(1.8%)of vascular complications in each group.Conclusions:ICE combined with T3D after integration and improvement is a safe and reliable procedure for zero-fluoroscopy individualized transseptal puncture.

N-type voltage-gated calcium (Ca²⁺) channels (N-type VGCC, Ca_V2.2) mediate Ca²⁺ influx in response to action potential at the presynaptic terminal, and play an important role in synaptogenesis, neurotransmitter release and nociceptive signal transduction. It is a new target for the development of drugs for the treatment of neuralgia (chronic pain) and other major diseases. Due to the difficulty of calcium channel expression in vitro and the detection of channel current, there is a great lack of new drug screening models. In this study, we established and optimized the electrophysiological drug screening model using Xenopus laevis oocytes for the recombinant expression of Ca_V2.2 in vitro (this study were reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Guangxi University, approval number: GXU-2023-0249). Firstly, the linear plasmids encoding cDNA of major subunit α1B and auxiliary subunits α2δ1 and β3 of rat Ca_V2.2 were used as templates for in vitro transcription to generate their related mRNA (cRNA), after which three kinds of cRNA were injected into Xenopus laevis oocytes at the mass ratio of 2∶1∶1 for expression. The two-electrode voltage clamp (TEVC) technique was used to detect the inward current produced by Ca_V2.2. At the same time, the expression conditions of Ca_V2.2 were optimized, and its gating function was characterized from the aspects of channel activation and inactivation. The results showed that 3-5 days after cRNA microinjection, stable Ca_V2.2-mediated barium ion (Ba²⁺) currents were successfully detected. The interference of endogenous potassium channels and Ca²⁺-activated chloride channels can be eliminated by tetraethylammonium hydroxide (TEAOH) and 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid tetrakis (BAPTA-AM) treatment. The maximum potential for Ca_V2.2 activation is 0 mV, and the current reverses to be outward when the membrane potential is greater than +50 mV. By fitting the steady-state activation and inactivation curves, the half-maximal activation potential and half-maximal inactivation potential of Ca_V2.2 are identified as -15.9 and -60.2 mV. In this study, a stable Ca_V2.2 expression system was established based on Xenopus laevis oocytes. The in vitro expression system can provide a new way for the screening of Ca_V2.2 active compounds or lead drugs.

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of abnormal karyotypes of fetal sex chromosome aneuploidy(SCA)and pregnancy outcomes in 101 fetal cases.Methods A retrospective study was conducted among 7 821 pregnant women who underwent successfully prenatal karyotyping diagnosis at Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2021.All women received amniotic fluid cell culture karyotype analysis and copy number variation sequencing(CNV-seq)detection and 101 cases of SCA detected were analyzed.Results A total of 101 cases were detected by SCA,with a detection rate of 1.29％.Among them,Klinefelter syndrome accounted for 33.66％,superestrogenism syndrome accounted for 17.82％,superandrogenic syndrome accounted for 12.87％,turner syndrome accounted for 10.89％,other aneuploidy abnormalities[including 48,XXXY:1 case;69,XXY(80％)/68,XXY,-22(20％):1 case]accounted for 1.98％,and chimerism accounted for 22.77％.The prenatal indications for 101 cases of SCA were as follows:age ≥ 35 years,high/critical risk of serum biochemical screening,fetal ultrasound abnormalities,abnormalities in non-invasive prenatal testing(NIPT),history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth and other reasons(1 case of cerebral palsy in pregnant women and 4 cases of bilateral thalassemia)accounted for 53.47％(54/101),4.95％(5/101),17.82％(18/101),51.49％(52/101),12.87％(13/101),4.95％(5/101),respectively.Partial cases had multiple prenatal diagnostic indications.Meanwhile,23 fetuses diagnosed with sex chromosome chimerism,of which 22 cases were validated by karyotype and CNV seq,11 pregnant women chose to terminate their pregnancy,with the rest chose to continue pregnancy.Conclusion The combination of prenatal karyotype diagnosis,serological testing,prenatal ultrasound and other prenatal screening methods can help improve the detection rate of SCA,while CNV-seq can provide more clinical evidence for genetic counseling of pregnant women with sex chromosome chimerism.

Objective:To investigate the clinical features of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) disease patients with positive anti-interferon γ (IFN-γ) autoantibody.Methods:Forty-three adult human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected patients with NTM disease hospitalized in Huashan Hospital, Fudan University and Jing′an Branch, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University from July 2021 to August 2023 were included. Clinical data and NTM strain information of the patients were collected. The plasma levels of anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the patients were divided into antibody positive group and antibody negative group. The clinical characteristics and laboratory examination results between the two groups were compared. The independent sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the correlation factors of positive anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies. Results:Among the 43 patients, 13 cases (30.2%) were positive for anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies and 30 cases (69.8%) were negative. The proportions of patients with NTM disseminated infection (9/13 vs 30.0%(9/30))and combined bacterial infection (5/13 vs 6.7%(2/30)) in antibody positive group were both higher than those in antibody negative group, and the differences were both statistically significant ( χ2=5.74 and 6.73, respectively, both P<0.05). The white blood cell count, platelet count, the proportion of platelet count >350×10 9/L of antibody positive patients were all higher than those of antibody negative group, while the white sphere ratio was lower than that of antibody negative group, with statistical significance ( t=2.42, 3.02, χ2=9.77 and t=3.66, respectively, all P<0.05). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, globulin, immunoglobulin G, immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin M in antibody positive patients were all higher than those in antibody negative group, and the differences were all statistically significant ( U=99.50, 112.00, 115.50, 61.50, 76.50, 99.00 and 83.00, respectively, all P<0.05). Mycobacterium abscessus complex (seven cases and 11 cases, respectively) and Mycobacterium avium complex (five cases and 13 cases, respectively) were the main isolated strains in antibody positive and antibody negative patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that combined with bacterial infection (odds ratio ( OR)=21.83, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.94 to 245.71), NTM disseminated infection ( OR=7.64, 95% CI 1.10 to 53.26), platelet count>350×10 9/L ( OR=14.31, 95% CI 1.91 to 107.04) were risk factors for anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies positive (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Patients with positive anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies have higher probability of having elevated levels of systemic inflammation. Anti-IFN-γ autoantibody test is recommended for patients with NTM disease who present with co-bacterial infection, NTM disseminated infection, or elevated platelet count (>350×10 9/L).

As a recognized rare and highly fatal disease, hereditary angioedema (HAE) is difficult to diagnose and characterized by recurrent edema involving the head, limbs, genitals and larynx, etc. Diagnosis of HAE is not difficult. However, low incidence and lack of clinical characteristics lead to difficulty of doctors on timely diagnosis and correct intervention for HAE patients. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the awareness of this disease and prevent its recurrence. for HAE patients. In view of absent cognition of doctors and the general public on HAE, patients often suffer from sudden death or become disabled due to laryngeal edema which cannot be treated in time. Thus, based on the Internet mobile terminal platform, the team set up an all-day rapid emergency response system which is provided for HAE patients by setting up "one-click help". The aim is to offer optimization on overall management of HAE and designed the intelligent follow-up management to provide timely assistance and specialized suggestion for patients with acute attacks.
Humans ; Angioedemas, Hereditary/drug therapy*

Allergic diseases affect about 40% of the world's population. Environmental factors are important in the occurrence and development of allergic diseases. Dust mites are one of the most important allergens in the indoor environment. The World Health Organization proposes the "four-in-one, combination of prevention and treatment" treatment principle for allergic diseases, in which environmental control to avoid or reduce allergens is the first choice for treatment. Modern people spend much more time at home (including sleeping) than outdoors, and the control of the home environment is particularly critical. This practice introduces the hypoallergenic home visit program, which including home environment assessment, environmental and behavioral intervention guidance, and common household hypoallergenic supplies and service guidance for the patient's home environment. The real-time semi-quantitative testing of dust mite allergens, qualitative assessments of other indoor allergens, record of patients' household items and lifestyle, and precise, individualized patient prevention and control education will be conducted. The hypoallergenic home visit program improves the doctors' diagnosis and treatment data dimension, and becomes a patient management tool for doctors outside the hospital. It also helps patients continue to scientifically avoid allergens and irritants in the environment, effectively build a hypoallergenic home environment, reduce exposure to allergens in the home environment, and achieve the goal of combining the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.
Humans ; Hospitals ; Life Style ; Sleep

As a recognized rare and highly fatal disease, hereditary angioedema (HAE) is difficult to diagnose and characterized by recurrent edema involving the head, limbs, genitals and larynx, etc. Diagnosis of HAE is not difficult. However, low incidence and lack of clinical characteristics lead to difficulty of doctors on timely diagnosis and correct intervention for HAE patients. Therefore, it is crucial to improve the awareness of this disease and prevent its recurrence. for HAE patients. In view of absent cognition of doctors and the general public on HAE, patients often suffer from sudden death or become disabled due to laryngeal edema which cannot be treated in time. Thus, based on the Internet mobile terminal platform, the team set up an all-day rapid emergency response system which is provided for HAE patients by setting up "one-click help". The aim is to offer optimization on overall management of HAE and designed the intelligent follow-up management to provide timely assistance and specialized suggestion for patients with acute attacks.
Humans ; Angioedemas, Hereditary/drug therapy*

Allergic diseases affect about 40% of the world's population. Environmental factors are important in the occurrence and development of allergic diseases. Dust mites are one of the most important allergens in the indoor environment. The World Health Organization proposes the "four-in-one, combination of prevention and treatment" treatment principle for allergic diseases, in which environmental control to avoid or reduce allergens is the first choice for treatment. Modern people spend much more time at home (including sleeping) than outdoors, and the control of the home environment is particularly critical. This practice introduces the hypoallergenic home visit program, which including home environment assessment, environmental and behavioral intervention guidance, and common household hypoallergenic supplies and service guidance for the patient's home environment. The real-time semi-quantitative testing of dust mite allergens, qualitative assessments of other indoor allergens, record of patients' household items and lifestyle, and precise, individualized patient prevention and control education will be conducted. The hypoallergenic home visit program improves the doctors' diagnosis and treatment data dimension, and becomes a patient management tool for doctors outside the hospital. It also helps patients continue to scientifically avoid allergens and irritants in the environment, effectively build a hypoallergenic home environment, reduce exposure to allergens in the home environment, and achieve the goal of combining the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.
Humans ; Hospitals ; Life Style ; Sleep